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<span>Official Documentation</span>
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<div class="breadcrumbs"><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/">Ubuntu Documentation</a> > <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/11.04">Ubuntu 11.04</a> > <span class="breadcrumb-link"><a href="index.html">Ubuntu Server Guide</a></span> > <span class="breadcrumb-link"><a href="package-management.html">Package Management</a></span> > <span class="breadcrumb-node">dpkg</span></div>
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<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="dpkg"></a>dpkg</h2>
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<span class="application"><strong>dpkg</strong></span> is a package manager for <span class="emphasis"><em>Debian</em></span> based systems. It can install, remove, and build packages, but
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unlike other package management system's, it can not automatically download and install packages or their dependencies. This section covers using
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<span class="application"><strong>dpkg</strong></span> to manage locally installed packages:
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<div class="itemizedlist">
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<ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
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To list all packages installed on the system, from a terminal prompt enter:
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<span class="command"><strong>dpkg -l</strong></span>
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Depending on the amount of packages on your system, this can generate a large amount of output. Pipe the output through
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<span class="application"><strong>grep</strong></span> to see if a specific package is installed:
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<span class="command"><strong>dpkg -l | grep apache2</strong></span>
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Replace <span class="emphasis"><em>apache2</em></span> with any package name, part of a package name, or other regular expression.
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To list the files installed by a package, in this case the <span class="application"><strong>ufw</strong></span> package, enter:
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<span class="command"><strong>dpkg -L ufw</strong></span>
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<li class="listitem">
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If you are not sure which package installed a file, <span class="application"><strong>dpkg -S</strong></span> may be able to tell you.
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<span class="command"><strong>dpkg -S /etc/host.conf </strong></span>
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<code class="computeroutput">base-files: /etc/host.conf</code>
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The output shows that the <code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code> belongs to the <span class="application"><strong>base-files</strong></span> package.
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Many files are automatically generated during the package install process, and even though they are on the filesystem
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<span class="command"><strong>dpkg -S</strong></span> may not know which package they belong to.
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<li class="listitem">
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You can install a local <span class="emphasis"><em>.deb</em></span> file by entering:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo dpkg -i zip_2.32-1_i386.deb</strong></span>
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Change <code class="filename">zip_2.32-1_i386.deb</code> to the actual file name of the local .deb file.
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<li class="listitem">
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Uninstalling a package can be accomplished by:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo dpkg -r zip</strong></span>
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Uninstalling packages using <span class="application"><strong>dpkg</strong></span>, in most cases, is <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> recommended.
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It is better to use a package manager that handles dependencies, to ensure that the system is in a consistent state. For
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example using <span class="command"><strong>dpkg -r</strong></span> you can remove the <span class="application"><strong>zip</strong></span> package, but any packages that
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depend on it will still be installed and may no longer function correctly.
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For more <span class="application"><strong>dpkg</strong></span> options see the man page: <span class="command"><strong>man dpkg</strong></span>.
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<p>The material in this document is available under a free license, see <a href="/legal.html">Legal</a> for details<br />
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For information on contributing see the <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">Ubuntu Documentation Team wiki page</a>. To report a problem, visit the <a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-docs">bug page for Ubuntu Documentation</a></p>
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