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<span>Official Documentation</span>
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<div class="breadcrumbs"><a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/">Ubuntu Documentation</a> > <a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/11.04">Ubuntu 11.04</a> > <span class="breadcrumb-link"><a href="index.html">Ubuntu Server Guide</a></span> > <span class="breadcrumb-link"><a href="other-useful-applications.html">Other Useful Applications</a></span> > <span class="breadcrumb-node">etckeeper</span></div>
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<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="sect1" title="etckeeper">
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<div class="titlepage">
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<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="etckeeper"></a>etckeeper</h2>
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<span class="application"><strong>etckeeper</strong></span> allows the contents of <code class="filename">/etc</code> be easily stored in
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Version Control System (VCS) repository. It hooks into <span class="application"><strong>apt</strong></span> to automatically commit changes to
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<code class="filename">/etc</code> when packages are installed or upgraded. Placing <code class="filename">/etc</code> under version control
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is considered an industry best practice, and the goal of <span class="application"><strong>etckeeper</strong></span> is to make this process as
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Install <span class="application"><strong>etckeeper</strong></span> by entering the following in a terminal:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo apt-get install etckeeper</strong></span>
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The main configuration file, <code class="filename">/etc/etckeeper/etckeeper.conf</code>, is fairly simple. The main option is which
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VCS to use. By default <span class="application"><strong>etckeeper</strong></span> is configured to use
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<span class="application"><strong>bzr</strong></span> for version control.
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The repository is automatically initialized (and committed for the first
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time) during package installation. It is possible to undo this by entering
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the following command:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo etckeeper uninit</strong></span>
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By default, etckeeper will commit uncommitted changes made to /etc daily.
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This can be disabled using the AVOID_DAILY_AUTOCOMMITS configuration
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option. It will also automatically commit changes before and after package
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installation. For a more precise tracking of changes, it is recommended
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to commit your changes manually, together with a commit message, using:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo etckeeper commit "..Reason for configuration change.."</strong></span>
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Using the VCS commands you can view log information about files in <code class="filename">/etc</code>:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo bzr log /etc/passwd</strong></span>
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To demonstrate the integration with the package management system, install <span class="application"><strong>postfix</strong></span>:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo apt-get install postfix</strong></span>
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When the installation is finished, all the <span class="application"><strong>postfix</strong></span> configuration files should be committed to the
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<code class="computeroutput">Committing to: /etc/
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added network/if-down.d/postfix
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added network/if-up.d/postfix
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added postfix/dynamicmaps.cf
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added ppp/ip-down.d/postfix
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added rc0.d/K20postfix
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added rc1.d/K20postfix
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added rc2.d/S20postfix
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added rc3.d/S20postfix
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added rc5.d/S20postfix
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added rc6.d/K20postfix
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added resolvconf/update-libc.d
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added resolvconf/update-libc.d/postfix
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added rsyslog.d/postfix.conf
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added ufw/applications.d/postfix
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Committed revision 2.</code>
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For an example of how <span class="application"><strong>etckeeper</strong></span> tracks manual changes, add new a host to <code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code>.
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Using <span class="application"><strong>bzr</strong></span> you can see which files have been modified:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo bzr status /etc/</strong></span>
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<code class="computeroutput">modified:
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Now commit the changes:
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<span class="command"><strong>sudo etckeeper commit "new host"</strong></span>
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For more information on <span class="application"><strong>bzr</strong></span> see <a class="xref" href="bazaar.html" title="Bazaar">the section called “Bazaar”</a>.
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<p>The material in this document is available under a free license, see <a href="/legal.html">Legal</a> for details<br />
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For information on contributing see the <a href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">Ubuntu Documentation Team wiki page</a>. To report a problem, visit the <a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-docs">bug page for Ubuntu Documentation</a></p>
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