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@comment The title is printed in a large font.
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@center @titlefont{Maxima Manual}
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@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
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Maxima is a computer algebra system, implemented in Lisp.
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Maxima is derived from the Macsyma system,
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developed at MIT in the years 1968 through 1982 as part of Project MAC.
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MIT turned over a copy of the Macsyma source code to the Department of Energy
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in 1982; that version is now known as DOE Macsyma.
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A copy of DOE Macsyma was maintained by Professor William F. Schelter
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of the University of Texas from 1982 until his death in 2001.
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In 1998, Schelter obtained permission from the Department of Energy
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to release the DOE Macsyma source code under the GNU Public License,
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and in 2000 he initiated the Maxima project at SourceForge to maintain
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and develop DOE Macsyma, now called Maxima.
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@node Top, Introduction to MAXIMA, (dir), (dir)
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@node Top, Introduction to Maxima, (dir), (dir)
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MAXIMA is a fairly complete computer algebra system.
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Maxima is a computer algebra system, implemented in Lisp.
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This system MAXIMA is a COMMON LISP implementation due to William F.
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Schelter, and is based on the original implementation of Macsyma at
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MIT, as distributed by the Department of Energy. I now have
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permission from DOE to make derivative copies, and in particular to
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distribute it under the GNU public license. See the file COPYING
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included in the distribution. Thus these files may now be redistributed
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under the terms of GNU public license.
68
Maxima is derived from the Macsyma system,
69
developed at MIT in the years 1968 through 1982 as part of Project MAC.
70
MIT turned over a copy of the Macsyma source code to the Department of Energy
71
in 1982; that version is now known as DOE Macsyma.
72
A copy of DOE Macsyma was maintained by Professor William F. Schelter
73
of the University of Texas from 1982 until his death in 2001.
74
In 1998, Schelter obtained permission from the Department of Energy
75
to release the DOE Macsyma source code under the GNU Public License,
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and in 2000 he initiated the Maxima project at SourceForge to maintain
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and develop DOE Macsyma, now called Maxima.
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* Introduction to MAXIMA:: Sample MAXIMA sessions.
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* Bug Detection and Reporting:: Finding and reporting bugs in MAXIMA.
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* Help:: Asking for help from within a MAXIMA session.
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* Command Line:: MAXIMA command line syntax.
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* Operators:: Operators used in MAXIMA expressions.
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* Expressions:: Expressions in MAXIMA.
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* Introduction to Maxima:: Sample Maxima sessions.
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* Bug Detection and Reporting:: Finding and reporting bugs in Maxima.
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* Help:: Asking for help from within a Maxima session.
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* Command Line:: Maxima command line syntax.
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* Operators:: Operators used in Maxima expressions.
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* Expressions:: Expressions in Maxima.
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91
* Simplification:: Simplifying expressions.
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92
* Plotting:: 2D and 3D graphical output.
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* Input and Output:: File input and output.
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* Numerical:: Numerical integration, Fourier
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115
* Statistics:: Statistical functions.
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* Arrays and Tables:: Creating and working with arrays.
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* Arrays:: Creating and working with arrays.
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* Matrices and Linear Algebra:: Matrix operations.
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* Tensor:: Indicial Tensor Manipulation package.
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* Ctensor:: Component Tensor Manipulation.
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* itensor:: Indicial Tensor Manipulation.
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* ctensor:: Component Tensor Manipulation.
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* atensor:: Algebraic Tensor Manipulation.
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* Series:: Taylor and power series.
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123
* Number Theory:: Number theory.
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127
Advanced facilities and programming
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* Runtime Environment:: Customization of the MAXIMA environment.
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* Miscellaneous Options:: Options with a global effect on MAXIMA.
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* Runtime Environment:: Customization of the Maxima environment.
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* Miscellaneous Options:: Options with a global effect on Maxima.
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* Rules and Patterns:: User defined pattern matching and
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simplification rules.
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* Lists:: Manipulation of Lisp lists.
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* Lists:: Manipulation of lists.
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* Sets:: Manipulation of sets.
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* Function Definition:: Defining functions.
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* Program Flow:: Defining MAXIMA programs.
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* Debugging:: Debugging MAXIMA programs.
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* Program Flow:: Defining Maxima programs.
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* Debugging:: Debugging Maxima programs.
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* augmented_lagrangian:: augmented_lagrangian package.
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* bode:: Bode gain and phase plots.
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* cholesky:: Cholesky decomposition.
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* descriptive:: Descriptive statistics.
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* diag:: Jordan matrices.
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* distrib:: Probability distributions.
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* dynamics:: Graphics for dynamical systems and fractals.
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* eval_string:: Maxima expressions as strings.
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* f90:: Maxima to fortran translator.
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* ggf:: Generating function of sequences.
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* impdiff:: Implicit derivatives.
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* interpol:: Interpolation package.
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* lindstedt:: Lindstedt package.
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* linearalgebra:: Functions for linear algebra.
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* lsquares:: Least squares.
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* makeOrders:: Polynomial utility.
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* mnewton:: Newton's method.
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* numericalio:: Reading and writing files.
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* opsubst:: Substitutions utility.
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* orthopoly:: Orthogonal polynomials.
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* plotdf:: Direction fields plots.
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* simplex:: Linear programming.
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* simplification:: Simplification rules and functions.
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* solve_rec:: Linear recurrences.
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* stirling:: Stirling formula.
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* stringproc:: String processing.
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* unit:: Units and dimensions package.
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* zeilberger:: Functions for hypergeometric summation.
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* Introduction to Numerical::
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* Definitions for Numerical::
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* Definitions for Fourier Series::
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* Definitions for Statistics::
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* Definitions for Arrays and Tables::
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* Definitions for Arrays::
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Matrices and Linear Algebra
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* Introduction to Matrices and Linear Algebra::
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* Definitions for Matrices and Linear Algebra::
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* Definitions for Affine::
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* Introduction to Tensor::
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* Definitions for Tensor::
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* Introduction to Ctensor::
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* Definitions for Ctensor::
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* Introduction to itensor::
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* Definitions for itensor::
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* Introduction to ctensor::
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* Definitions for ctensor::
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* Introduction to atensor::
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* Definitions for atensor::
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* Definitions for Debugging::
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* Definitions for augmented_lagrangian::
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* Definitions for bode::
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* Definitions for cholesky::
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* Introduction to descriptive::
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* Definitions for data manipulation::
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* Definitions for descriptive statistics::
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* Definitions for specific multivariate descriptive statistics::
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* Definitions for statistical graphs::
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* Definitions for diag::
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* Introduction to distrib::
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* Definitions for continuous distributions::
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* Definitions for discrete distributions::
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* Introduction to dynamics::
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* Definitions for dynamics::
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* Definitions for eval_string::
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* Definitions for f90::
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* Definitions for ggf::
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* Definitions for impdiff::
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* Introduction to interpol::
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* Definitions for interpol::
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* Definitions for lindstedt::
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* Introduction to linearalgebra::
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* Definitions for linearalgebra::
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* Definitions for lsquares::
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* Definitions for makeOrders::
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* Definitions for mnewton::
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* Introduction to numericalio::
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* Definitions for numericalio::
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* Definitions for opsubst::
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* Introduction to orthogonal polynomials::
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* Definitions for orthogonal polynomials::
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* Introduction to plotdf::
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* Definitions for plotdf::
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* Introduction to simplex::
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* Definitions for simplex::
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* Introduction to simplification::
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* Definitions for simplification::
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* Introduction to solve_rec::
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* Definitions for solve_rec::
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* Definitions for stirling::
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* Introduction to string processing::
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* Definitions for input and output::
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* Definitions for characters::
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* Definitions for strings::
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* Introduction to Units::
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* Definitions for Units::
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* Introduction to zeilberger::
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* Definitions for zeilberger::
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@comment @end detailmenu
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@c nota bene: C-c C-u C-a and texinfo-multiple-files-update will delete
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@c the detailed node listing!
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@node Introduction to MAXIMA, Bug Detection and Reporting, Top, Top
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@chapter Introduction to MAXIMA
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@node Introduction to Maxima, Bug Detection and Reporting, Top, Top
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@chapter Introduction to Maxima
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532
@include Introduction.texi
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@node Bug Detection and Reporting, Help, Introduction to MAXIMA, Top
534
@node Bug Detection and Reporting, Help, Introduction to Maxima, Top
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@chapter Bug Detection and Reporting
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@include Bugs.texi
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587
@chapter Trigonometric
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@include Trigonometric.texi
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@node Special Functions, Orthogonal Polynomials, Trigonometric, Top
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@node Special Functions, Elliptic Functions, Trigonometric, Top
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@chapter Special Functions
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@include Special.texi
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@node Orthogonal Polynomials, Elliptic Functions, Special Functions, Top
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@chapter Orthogonal Polynomials
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@include SpecfunII.texi
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@node Elliptic Functions, Limits, Orthogonal Polynomials, Top
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@node Elliptic Functions, Limits, Special Functions, Top
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@chapter Elliptic Functions
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@include Elliptic.texi
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@chapter Numerical
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@include Numerical.texi
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@node Statistics, Arrays and Tables, Numerical, Top
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@node Statistics, Arrays, Numerical, Top
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@chapter Statistics
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@include Statistics.texi
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@node Arrays and Tables, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Statistics, Top
436
@chapter Arrays and Tables
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@node Arrays, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Statistics, Top
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630
@include Arrays.texi
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@node Matrices and Linear Algebra, Affine, Arrays and Tables, Top
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@node Matrices and Linear Algebra, Affine, Arrays, Top
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633
@chapter Matrices and Linear Algebra
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634
@include Matrices.texi
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@node Affine, Tensor, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Top
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@node Affine, itensor, Matrices and Linear Algebra, Top
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@include Affine.texi
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@node Tensor, Ctensor, Affine, Top
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@node itensor, ctensor, Affine, Top
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@include Itensor.texi
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@node Ctensor, Series, Tensor, Top
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@node ctensor, atensor, itensor, Top
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@include Ctensor.texi
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@node Series, Number Theory, Ctensor, Top
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@node atensor, Series, ctensor, Top
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@include Atensor.texi
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@node Series, Number Theory, atensor, Top
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654
@include Series.texi
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@c @include None.texi
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@node Number Theory, Symmetries, Series, Top
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@chapter Number Theory
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@include Number.texi
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@chapter Rules and Patterns
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@include Rules.texi
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@c @include xrefs.texi
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@node Lists, Function Definition, Rules and Patterns, Top
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@node Lists, Sets, Rules and Patterns, Top
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@include Lists.texi
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@node Function Definition, Program Flow, Lists, Top
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@node Sets, Function Definition, Lists, Top
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@node Function Definition, Program Flow, Sets, Top
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@chapter Function Definition
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@include Function.texi
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@chapter Program Flow
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@include Program.texi
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@node Debugging, Function and Variable Index, Program Flow, Top
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@node Debugging, augmented_lagrangian, Program Flow, Top
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@chapter Debugging
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@include Debugging.texi
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@node Function and Variable Index, , Debugging, Top
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@node augmented_lagrangian, bode, Debugging, Top
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@chapter augmented_lagrangian
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@include augmented_lagrangian.texi
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@node bode, cholesky, augmented_lagrangian, Top
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@node cholesky, descriptive, bode, Top
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@include cholesky.texi
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@node descriptive, diag, cholesky, Top
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@include descriptive.texi
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@node diag, distrib, descriptive, Top
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@node distrib, dynamics, diag, Top
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@include distrib.texi
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@node dynamics, eval_string, distrib, Top
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@include dynamics.texi
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@node eval_string, f90, dynamics, Top
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@include eval_string.texi
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@node f90, ggf, eval_string, Top
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@node ggf, impdiff, f90, Top
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@node impdiff, interpol, ggf, Top
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@include impdiff.texi
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@node interpol, lindstedt, impdiff, Top
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@include interpol.texi
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@node lindstedt, linearalgebra, interpol, Top
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@include lindstedt.texi
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@node linearalgebra, lsquares, lindstedt, Top
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@chapter linearalgebra
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@include linearalgebra.texi
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@node lsquares, makeOrders, linearalgebra, Top
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@include lsquares.texi
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@node makeOrders, mnewton, lsquares, Top
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@include makeOrders.texi
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@node mnewton, numericalio, makeOrders, Top
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@include mnewton.texi
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@node numericalio, opsubst, mnewton, Top
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@include numericalio.texi
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@node opsubst, orthopoly, numericalio, Top
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@include opsubst.texi
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@node orthopoly, plotdf, opsubst, Top
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@include orthopoly.texi
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@node plotdf, simplex, orthopoly, Top
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@node simplex, simplification, plotdf, Top
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@include simplex.texi
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@node simplification, solve_rec, simplex, Top
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@chapter simplification
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@include simplifications.texi
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@node solve_rec, stirling, simplification, Top
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@include solve_rec.texi
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@node stirling, stringproc, solve_rec, Top
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@include stirling.texi
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@node stringproc, unit, stirling, Top
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@include stringproc.texi
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@node unit, zeilberger, stringproc, Top
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@node zeilberger, Function and Variable Index, unit, Top
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@include zeilberger.texi
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@node Function and Variable Index, , zeilberger, Top
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@include Indices.texi