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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, �tude, Tutoriel"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Application pratique: Comment utiliser un index"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table des mati�res</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Exemple 1A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Exemple 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Exemple 2A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Exemple 2B</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Exemple 2C</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">R�gle 3 - interpr�ter selon le contexte historique et culturel</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Exemple 3A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Exemple 3B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">R�gle 4 - Interpr�ter selon l'usage usuel des mots</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Exemple 4A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Exemple 4B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">R�gle 5 - Comprendre l'objectif des paraboles et la diff�rence entre une
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parabole et une all�gorie</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Exemple 5A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Exemple 5B</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
1
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, �tude, Tutoriel"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Application pratique: Comment utiliser un index"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table des mati�res</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Exemple 1A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Exemple 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Exemple 2A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Exemple 2B</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Exemple 2C</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">R�gle 3 - interpr�ter selon le contexte historique et culturel</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Exemple 3A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Exemple 3B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">R�gle 4 - Interpr�ter selon l'usage usuel des mots</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Exemple 4A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Exemple 4B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">R�gle 5 - Comprendre l'objectif des paraboles et la diff�rence entre une
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parabole et une all�gorie</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Exemple 5A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Exemple 5B</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
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want to expand that now by delving briefly into biblical hermeneutics, whose
4
4
goal is to discover the meaning intended by the original author (and
5
Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
5
Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
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interpretation is valid. The scripture itself says this by saying that no
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scripture is of any private interpretation (2 Pe.1:20 KJV <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">Knowing
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8
this first, that no prophesy of scripture is of any private
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interpretation.</span>��</span>). Certain rules are helps toward discovering the
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correct meaning; by ignoring these rules people have brought much trouble on
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themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">...in which are some
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things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they
13
do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>��</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
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themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">...in which are some things
12
hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also
13
the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>��</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
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your attention has been drawn to a particular verse whose meaning is not
15
clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
16
better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
15
clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
16
better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
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words by following these steps:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p title="D�finition"><b>D�finition.�</b>Look up the definition in a Greek or Hebrew dictionary. For verbs, the verb
18
tense is also crucial.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="R�f�rences crois�es"><b>R�f�rences crois�es.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
18
tense is also crucial.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="R�f�rences crois�es"><b>R�f�rences crois�es.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
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(not the English word) is used in scripture may clarify or throw new light
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on the definition. How does the same author use this word elsewhere? Other
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authors? Your reference tools may give you uses of the word in non-biblical
22
documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
23
isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one greek
24
word may be translated into the same english word, and the greek words may
22
documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
23
isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one Greek
24
word may be translated into the same English word, and the Greek words may
25
25
have different shades of meaning.</em></span></p></li></ol></div><div class="section" title="Exemple 1A"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a"></a>Exemple 1A</h3></div></div></div><p>Jn.20:17 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Touch me not"</em></span> (KJV) sounds harsh, doesn't it?
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Sounds like Jesus doesn't want to be touched now that He is risen, that He
27
is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
27
is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
28
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in Spiros Zodhiates' <span class="emphasis"><em>The Complete Word Study New
29
29
Testament</em></span> (AMG Publishers, 1991).</p><p>Definition: Turning to John 20:17, above the word "Touch" we see "pim680."
30
30
The letters give us a code for the part of speech, and the number refers to
31
Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition (p. 879).
32
"680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling of an
33
object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
31
Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition
32
(p. 879). "680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling
33
of an object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
34
34
pselaphao (5584), which actually only means to touch the surface of
35
35
something. " Now look up "pim." The grammar codes in Zodhiates come right
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36
after Revelation; on p. 849 we see that pim stands for "present imperative
37
active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
37
active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
38
38
indicate a command to do something in the future which involves continuous
39
39
or repeated action or, when it is negated, a command to stop doing
40
40
something. " This is a negative command, so it is to stop doing something
41
that is already occuring. So, what have we found?</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Marie est d�j� accroch�e � J�sus et il lui dit d'arr�ter de le
42
retenir !</em></span></p></div><div class="section" title="Exemple 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Exemple 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
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sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
41
that is already occurring. So, what have we found?</p><p>
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<span class="emphasis"><em>Marie est d�j� accroch�e � J�sus et il lui dit d'arr�ter de le
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</p></div><div class="section" title="Exemple 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Exemple 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
45
sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
44
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Greek word translated "anoint", chrio (5548) - "to smear or rub with oil,
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i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since
46
it's a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
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i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since it's
48
a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
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49
aorist participle expresses simple action, as opposed to continuous
48
action...When its relaitonship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
50
action...When its relationship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
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signifies action prior to that of the main verb." (Zodhiates p.851)</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>R�f�rences crois�es pour aleipho: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Mt 6:17 Mais quand tu je�nes, parfume ta t�te</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mc.16:1 [les femmes] achet�rent des aromates, afin d'aller embaumer [KJV :
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"oindre"] J�sus.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mc.6:13 (...) ils oignaient d'huile beaucoup de malades et les gu�rissaient.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Lc.7:38 [...] les [ses pieds] baisa, et les oignit de parfum.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Jn 12:3 Marie, (...) oignit les pieds de J�sus, et elle lui essuya les pieds
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avec ses cheveux</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>R�f�rences crois�es pour chrio: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Lc 4:18 <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">L'Esprit du Seigneur est sur moi, parce qu'il m'a oint pour
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annoncer [...]</span>��</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ac 4:27 J�sus, que tu as oint</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ac 10:38 Dieu a oint du Saint-Esprit et de force J�sus de Nazareth</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Co 1:21 Et celui...qui nous a oints, c'est Dieu</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>Quelle est alors la diff�rence entre aleipho et chrio ? En retournant aux
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r�f�rences crois�es et aux d�finitions et en faisant la synth�se des
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diff�rences: <span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" d�signe l'usage pratique de
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l'huile et "chrio" l'usage spirituel</em></span></p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
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annoncer [...]</span>��</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ac 4:27 J�sus, que tu as oint</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Ac 10:38 Dieu a oint du Saint-Esprit et de force J�sus de Nazareth</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Co 1:21 Et celui...qui nous a oints, c'est Dieu</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>So what's the difference between aleipho and chrio? Look back over the
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cross-references and the definitions, and sum up the difference:
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<span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" is a practical use of oil and "chrio" is a
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spiritual</em></span></p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
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oil at that time, when the good Samaritan cared for the man beat up by
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robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
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</p><p>Maintenant, mettons en pratique ce que l'on vient juste d'apprendre � Jc
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5:14 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Quelqu'un parmi vous est-il malade ? Qu'il appelle les
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anciens de l'�glise, et que les anciens prient pour lui, en l'oignant
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d'huile au nom du Seigneur."</em></span> "oindre" d�signe un acte pratique ou
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spirituel ? Pratique !</p><p>
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And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
59
robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
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Jesus' day.</p><p>Now let's apply what we just learned by this word study to James 5:14
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<span class="emphasis"><em>"Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church;
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and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the
63
Lord."</em></span>Is "anointing" spiritual or practical? Practical!</p><p>And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
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"having anointed," so the order is the anointing first, then the prayer ("in
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the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
65
the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
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saying that the elders should give the sick person medicine and pray for him
68
in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
69
practical and spiritual in our God!
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</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Application pratique: Comment utiliser un index�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Sommaire</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
68
practical and spiritual in our God!</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Application pratique: Comment utiliser un index�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Sommaire</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�R�gle 2 - Interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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