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<tr><td colspan="5" class="shortcuts"><nobr><a href="#id2900839" class="shortcut">Top</a>
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<a href="#id2901301" class="shortcut">Description</a></nobr></td></tr>
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<div class="refentry" lang="en">
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<a name="glib-Random-Numbers"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
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<div class="refnamediv"><table width="100%"><tr>
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<a name="id2900839"></a><span class="refentrytitle">Random Numbers</span>
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<p>Random Numbers — pseudo-random number generator.</p>
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<td valign="top" align="right"></td>
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<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
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<pre class="synopsis">
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#include <glib.h>
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<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>;
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<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-new-with-seed">g_rand_new_with_seed</a> (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);
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<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-new-with-seed-array">g_rand_new_with_seed_array</a> (const <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> *seed,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint">guint</a> seed_length);
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<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-new">g_rand_new</a> (void);
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<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-copy">g_rand_copy</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);
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void <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-free">g_rand_free</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);
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void <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-set-seed">g_rand_set_seed</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);
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void <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-set-seed-array">g_rand_set_seed_array</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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const <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> *seed,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint">guint</a> seed_length);
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#define <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-boolean">g_rand_boolean</a> (rand_)
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-int">g_rand_int</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-int-range">g_rand_int_range</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> begin,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> end);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-double">g_rand_double</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-rand-double-range">g_rand_double_range</a> (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> begin,
79
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> end);
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void <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-set-seed">g_random_set_seed</a> (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);
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#define <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-boolean">g_random_boolean</a> ()
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-int">g_random_int</a> (void);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-int-range">g_random_int_range</a> (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> begin,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> end);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-double">g_random_double</a> (void);
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-double-range">g_random_double_range</a> (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> begin,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> end);
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<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901301"></a><h2>Description</h2>
93
The following functions allow you to use a portable, fast and good
94
pseudo-random number generator (PRNG). It uses the Mersenne Twister
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PRNG, which was originally developed by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji
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Nishimura. Further information can be found at <a href="http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/~matumoto/emt.html" target="_top">www.math.keio.ac.jp/~matumoto/emt.html</a>.
99
If you just need a random number, you simply call the
100
<code class="function">g_random_*</code> functions, which will create a globally
101
used <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a> and use the according <code class="function">g_rand_*</code> functions
102
internally. Whenever you need a stream of reproducible random numbers, you
103
better create a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a> yourself and use the <code class="function">g_rand_*</code>
104
functions directly, which will also be slightly faster. Initializing a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>
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with a certain seed will produce exactly the same series of random numbers
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on all platforms. This can thus be used as a seed for e.g. games.
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The <code class="function">g_rand*_range</code> functions will return high quality
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equally distributed random numbers, whereas for example the
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<code class="literal">(<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#g-random-int"><code class="function">g_random_int()</code></a>%max)</code> approach often doesn't
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yield equally distributed numbers.
115
GLib changed the seeding algorithm for the pseudo-random number
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generator Mersenne Twister, as used by <span class="structname">GRand</span>
117
and <span class="structname">GRandom</span>. This was necessary, because some
118
seeds would yield very bad pseudo-random streams. Also the
119
pseudo-random integers generated by
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<code class="function">g_rand*<code class="function">_int_range()</code></code> will have a
121
slightly better equal distribution with the new version of GLib.
124
The original seeding and generation algorithms, as found in GLib 2.0.x,
125
can be used instead of the new ones by setting the environment variable
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<code class="envar">G_RANDOM_VERSION</code> to the value of '2.0'. Use the
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GLib-2.0 algorithms only if you have sequences of numbers generated
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with Glib-2.0 that you need to reproduce exactly.
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<div class="refsect1" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901452"></a><h2>Details</h2>
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901462"></a><h3>
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<a name="GRand"></a>GRand</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901474"></a><pre class="programlisting">typedef struct _GRand GRand;</pre>
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The <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a> struct is an opaque data structure. It should only be
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accessed through the <code class="function">g_rand_*</code> functions.
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901505"></a><h3>
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<a name="g-rand-new-with-seed"></a>g_rand_new_with_seed ()</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901519"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* g_rand_new_with_seed (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);</pre>
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with <em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em>.</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> a value to initialize the random number generator.
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<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
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<td> the new <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901592"></a><h3>
168
<a name="g-rand-new-with-seed-array"></a>g_rand_new_with_seed_array ()</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901608"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* g_rand_new_with_seed_array (const <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> *seed,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint">guint</a> seed_length);</pre>
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with <em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em>.</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> an array of seeds to initialize the random number generator.
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed_length</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> an array of seeds to initialize the random number generator.
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<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
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<td> the new <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<p class="since">Since 2.4
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901713"></a><h3>
203
<a name="g-rand-new"></a>g_rand_new ()</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901725"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* g_rand_new (void);</pre>
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Creates a new random number generator initialized with a seed taken
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either from <code class="filename">/dev/urandom</code> (if existing) or from
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the current time (as a fallback).</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
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<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
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<td> the new <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901778"></a><h3>
221
<a name="g-rand-copy"></a>g_rand_copy ()</h3>
222
<a class="indexterm" name="id2901793"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a>* g_rand_copy (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);</pre>
224
Copies a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a> into a new one with the same exact state as before.
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This way you can take a snapshot of the random number generator for
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
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<td> the new <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<p class="since">Since 2.4
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901886"></a><h3>
252
<a name="g-rand-free"></a>g_rand_free ()</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901898"></a><pre class="programlisting">void g_rand_free (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);</pre>
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Frees the memory allocated for the <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
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<a name="id2901962"></a><h3>
268
<a name="g-rand-set-seed"></a>g_rand_set_seed ()</h3>
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<a class="indexterm" name="id2901974"></a><pre class="programlisting">void g_rand_set_seed (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);</pre>
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Sets the seed for the random number generator <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a> to <em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em>.</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
277
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
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<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em> :</span></td>
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<td> a value to reinitialize the random number generator.
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
291
<a name="id2902066"></a><h3>
292
<a name="g-rand-set-seed-array"></a>g_rand_set_seed_array ()</h3>
293
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902082"></a><pre class="programlisting">void g_rand_set_seed_array (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
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const <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> *seed,
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<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint">guint</a> seed_length);</pre>
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Initializes the random number generator by an array of
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longs. Array can be of arbitrary size, though only the
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first 624 values are taken. This function is useful
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if you have many low entropy seeds, or if you require more then
301
32bits of actual entropy for your application.</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
309
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
310
<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
314
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em> :</span></td>
315
<td> array to initialize with
319
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed_length</code></em> :</span></td>
325
<p class="since">Since 2.4
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<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
330
<a name="id2902194"></a><h3>
331
<a name="g-rand-boolean"></a>g_rand_boolean()</h3>
332
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902207"></a><pre class="programlisting">#define g_rand_boolean(rand_)</pre>
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Returns a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a> from <em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em>. This corresponds to a unbiased
337
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
338
<col align="left" valign="top">
341
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
342
<td>a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
346
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
347
<td>a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a>.
356
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
357
<a name="id2902281"></a><h3>
358
<a name="g-rand-int"></a>g_rand_int ()</h3>
359
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902294"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> g_rand_int (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);</pre>
361
Returns the next random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32"><span class="type">guint32</span></a> from <em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> equally distributed over
362
the range [0..2^32-1].</p>
363
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
364
<col align="left" valign="top">
367
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
368
<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
372
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
373
<td> A random number.
380
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
381
<a name="id2902374"></a><h3>
382
<a name="g-rand-int-range"></a>g_rand_int_range ()</h3>
383
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902387"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> g_rand_int_range (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
384
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> begin,
385
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> end);</pre>
387
Returns the next random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32"><span class="type">gint32</span></a> from <em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> equally distributed over
388
the range [<em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em>..<em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em>-1].</p>
389
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
390
<col align="left" valign="top">
393
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
394
<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
398
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em> :</span></td>
399
<td> lower closed bound of the interval.
403
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em> :</span></td>
404
<td> upper open bound of the interval.
408
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
409
<td> A random number.
416
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
417
<a name="id2902523"></a><h3>
418
<a name="g-rand-double"></a>g_rand_double ()</h3>
419
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902536"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> g_rand_double (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_);</pre>
421
Returns the next random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble"><span class="type">gdouble</span></a> from <em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> equally distributed over
422
the range [0..1).</p>
423
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
424
<col align="left" valign="top">
427
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
428
<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
432
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
433
<td> A random number.
440
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
441
<a name="id2902616"></a><h3>
442
<a name="g-rand-double-range"></a>g_rand_double_range ()</h3>
443
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902630"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> g_rand_double_range (<a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand">GRand</a> *rand_,
444
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> begin,
445
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> end);</pre>
447
Returns the next random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble"><span class="type">gdouble</span></a> from <em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> equally distributed over
448
the range [<em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em>..<em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em>).</p>
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<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
453
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>rand_</code></em> :</span></td>
454
<td> a <a href="glib-Random-Numbers.html#GRand"><span class="type">GRand</span></a>.
458
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em> :</span></td>
459
<td> lower closed bound of the interval.
463
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em> :</span></td>
464
<td> upper open bound of the interval.
468
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
469
<td> A random number.
476
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
477
<a name="id2902765"></a><h3>
478
<a name="g-random-set-seed"></a>g_random_set_seed ()</h3>
479
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902778"></a><pre class="programlisting">void g_random_set_seed (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> seed);</pre>
481
Sets the seed for the global random number generator, which is used
482
by the <code class="function">g_random_*</code> functions, to <em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em>.</p>
483
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
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<col align="left" valign="top">
486
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>seed</code></em> :</span></td>
487
<td> a value to reinitialize the global random number generator.
493
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
494
<a name="id2902840"></a><h3>
495
<a name="g-random-boolean"></a>g_random_boolean()</h3>
496
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902853"></a><pre class="programlisting">#define g_random_boolean()</pre>
498
Returns a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a>. This corresponds to a unbiased coin toss.
500
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
501
<col align="left" valign="top">
503
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
504
<td>a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gboolean"><span class="type">gboolean</span></a>.
512
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
513
<a name="id2902900"></a><h3>
514
<a name="g-random-int"></a>g_random_int ()</h3>
515
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902913"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32">guint32</a> g_random_int (void);</pre>
517
Return a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#guint32"><span class="type">guint32</span></a> equally distributed over the range
519
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
520
<col align="left" valign="top">
522
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
523
<td> A random number.
529
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
530
<a name="id2902959"></a><h3>
531
<a name="g-random-int-range"></a>g_random_int_range ()</h3>
532
<a class="indexterm" name="id2902973"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> g_random_int_range (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> begin,
533
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32">gint32</a> end);</pre>
535
Returns a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gint32"><span class="type">gint32</span></a> equally distributed over the range
536
[<em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em>..<em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em>-1].</p>
537
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
538
<col align="left" valign="top">
541
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em> :</span></td>
542
<td> lower closed bound of the interval.
546
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em> :</span></td>
547
<td> upper open bound of the interval.
551
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
552
<td> A random number.
559
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
560
<a name="id2903073"></a><h3>
561
<a name="g-random-double"></a>g_random_double ()</h3>
562
<a class="indexterm" name="id2903086"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> g_random_double (void);</pre>
564
Returns a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble"><span class="type">gdouble</span></a> equally distributed over the range [0..1).</p>
565
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
566
<col align="left" valign="top">
568
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
569
<td> A random number.
575
<div class="refsect2" lang="en">
576
<a name="id2903132"></a><h3>
577
<a name="g-random-double-range"></a>g_random_double_range ()</h3>
578
<a class="indexterm" name="id2903146"></a><pre class="programlisting"><a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> g_random_double_range (<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> begin,
579
<a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble">gdouble</a> end);</pre>
581
Returns a random <a href="glib-Basic-Types.html#gdouble"><span class="type">gdouble</span></a> equally distributed over the range [<em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em>..<em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em>).</p>
582
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0">
583
<col align="left" valign="top">
586
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>begin</code></em> :</span></td>
587
<td> lower closed bound of the interval.
591
<td><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>end</code></em> :</span></td>
592
<td> upper open bound of the interval.
596
<td><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></td>
597
<td> A random number.
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