~ubuntu-branches/ubuntu/breezy/ubuntu-docs/breezy-updates : revision 2

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]>

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<title>Ubuntu FAQ Guide</title>

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<title>Ubuntu FAQ Guide</title>

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<title>Credits and License</title>

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<para>The following Ubuntu Documentation Team authors have contributed to this document:</para>

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<para>Robert Stoffers (Current Maintainer)</para>

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</listitem>

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<para>Matt Galvin</para>

395

</listitem>

396

397

<para>Sean Wheller</para>

398

</listitem>

399

</itemizedlist>

400

<para>The FAQ Guide is based on the original work of:</para>

401

402

403

404

</listitem>

405

406

<para>Tomas Zijdemans</para>

407

</listitem>

408

409

<para>Abdullah Ramazanoglu</para>

410

</listitem>

411

</itemizedlist>

412

<para>This document is made available under a dual license strategy that includes the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) and the Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.0 License (CC-BY-SA).</para>

413

<para>You are free to modify, extend, and improve the Ubuntu documentation source code under the terms of these licenses. All derivative works must be released under either or both of these licenses.</para>

414

<para>This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AS DESCRIBED IN THE DISCLAIMER.</para>

415

<para>Copies of these licenses are available in the appendices section of this book. Online versions can be found at the following URLs:</para>

416

417

418

<para><ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink></para>

419

</listitem>

420

421

<para><ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0</ulink></para>

422

</listitem>

423

</itemizedlist>

424

425

</legalnotice>

426

427

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429

<holder>Canonical Ltd. and members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project</holder>

430

</copyright>

431

432

<!-- author copyright notices

433

434

435

<holder>Sean Wheller</holder>

436

</copyright>

437

438

439

<holder>Matt Galvin</holder>

440

</copyright>

441

442

443

<holder>Robert Stoffers</holder>

444

</copyright>

445

446

447

448

</copyright>

449

450

451

<holder>Tomas Zijdemans</holder>

452

</copyright>

453

454

455

<holder>Abdullah Ramazanoglu</holder>

456

</copyright>

457

end author copyright notices -->

458

459

460

<firstname>Ubuntu Documentation Project</firstname>

461

<email>ubuntu-doc@lists.ubuntu.com</email>

462

</author>

463

</authorgroup>

464

465

<para>This document is a compilation of questions that are commonly asked by users who are new to Ubuntu and the answers to these questions.</para>

466

</abstract>

467

468

469

<title>Disclaimer</title>

470

<para>Every effort has been made to ensure that the information compiled in this publication is accurate and correct. However, this does not guarantee complete accuracy. Neither Canonical Ltd., the authors, nor translators shall be held liable for possible errors or the consequences thereof.</para>

471

<para>Some of the software and hardware descriptions cited in this publication may from time-to-time be registered trademarks. Names of products and trademarks and trade protection laws and may thus fall under copyright restrictions. All trade names are subject to copyright restrictions and are registered trade marks of their respective owners. In citation of such names, Canonical Ltd. and contributing members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project essentially adhere to the manufacturer's spelling and in no way make claim to them.</para>

472

<para>THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</para>

473

</legalnotice>

474

475

476

477

<publishername>The Ubuntu Documentation Project</publishername>

478

</publisher>

479

480

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483

<date>21 August 2005</date>

484

485

486

<para>Everything checked on a fresh Ubuntu Breezy colony 3 install. Ubuntu profiles ready for review, sections and chapters marked.</para>

487

</revdescription>

488

</revision>

489

490

491

<date>10 August 2005</date>

492

493

494

<para>Split this FAQ Guide into multiple files to make it easier to edit. Also put this revision history in the correct order.</para>

495

</revdescription>

496

</revision>

497

498

499

500

501

502

<para>Remove apt-get and replace with Synaptic. Add sections on Synaptic/Apt-get and Issuing commands. Major structural changes. More work on Gnome and Kde profiles.</para>

503

</revdescription>

504

</revision>

505

506

507

508

509

<para>Profile document to support Gnome and Kde. Add preface with text editing sect and replace all instances of gedit with vim. Add author credit to Abdullah Ramazanoglu for Kubuntu version of guide.</para>

510

</revdescription>

511

</revision>

512

513

514

515

516

<para>Align with Unofficial Ubuntu Guide 3.04</para>

517

</revdescription>

518

</revision>

519

520

521

522

523

<para>Align with Unofficial Ubuntu Guide 3.0</para>

524

</revdescription>

525

</revision>

526

527

528

529

530

531

<para>Ported from the Unofficial Ubuntu Guide 2.09</para>

532

</revdescription>

533

</revision>

534

</revhistory>

535

536

</bookinfo>

537

538

<title>Preface</title>

539

540

541

<title>Conventions</title>

542

<para>

543

<emphasis role="bold">The following admonitions will be found throughout the book:</emphasis>

544

</para>

545

<note>

546

<para>A note presents interesting, sometimes technical, pieces of information related to the surrounding discussion.</para>

547

</note>

548

<tip>

549

<para>A tip offers advice or an easier way of doing something.</para>

550

</tip>

551

552

<para>A caution alerts the reader to potential problems and helps avoid them.</para>

553

554

</caution>

555

556

<para>A warning advises the reader of a hazard condition that may arise in a given scenario.</para>

557

</warning>

558

<para>

559

<emphasis role="bold">Cross-reference conventions for print will be displayed as follows:</emphasis>

560

</para>

561

562

563

<para>Internal references will look like this: <xref linkend="sect-acknowledgments"/>.The numeral contained within square braces is the [page number].</para>

564

</listitem>

565

566

<para>External references, such as those pointing to a Web site, will look like <ulink url="http://www.ubuntulinux.org">this</ulink>.</para>

567

</listitem>

568

</itemizedlist>

569

<note>

570

<para>PDF, HTML, and XHTML versions of this document will use hyperlinks to handle cross-referencing.</para>

571

</note>

572

<para>

573

<emphasis role="bold">Type conventions will be displayed as follows:</emphasis>

574

</para>

575

576

577

<para>File names or paths to directories will be shown in <filename>monospace</filename> type.</para>

578

</listitem>

579

580

<para>Packages that need to be installed will be shown as:</para>

581

<para>Category > PackageName</para>

582

</listitem>

583

584

<para>Commands that you type at a <application os="gnome">Terminal</application> prompt will be shown as:</para>

585

<para>

586

587

<screen>command to type </screen>

588

</para>

589

<para>To start a <application os="gnome">Terminal</application> session, select: <phrase os="gnome"><menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Terminal</guimenuitem></menuchoice></phrase> from the desktop menu system.</para>

590

</listitem>

591

592

<para>Options that you click, select, or choose in a user interface will be shown in <filename>monospace</filename> type.</para>

593

</listitem>

594

595

<para>When variables, parameters, SGML tags, etc. are contained within a paragraph of text, they will be shown in <filename>monospace</filename> type. Otherwise, they will use the normal type.</para>

596

</listitem>

597

</itemizedlist>

598

<para>

599

<emphasis role="bold">Menu selections, mouse actions, and keyboard short-cuts:</emphasis>

600

</para>

601

602

603

<para>A sequence of menu selections will be displayed as follows: <menuchoice><guimenu><accel>F</accel>ile </guimenu><guimenuitem><accel>O</accel>pen </guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

604

</listitem>

605

606

<para>Mouse actions shall assume a right-handed mouse configuration. The terms <quote><mousebutton>click</mousebutton></quote> and <quote><mousebutton>double-click</mousebutton></quote> refer to using the left mouse button. The term <quote><mousebutton>right-click</mousebutton></quote> refers to using the right mouse button. The term <quote><mousebutton>middle-click</mousebutton></quote> refers to using the middle mouse button, pressing down on the scroll wheel, or pressing both the left and right buttons simultaneously, based on the design of your mouse.</para>

607

</listitem>

608

609

<para>Keyboard short-cut combinations will be displayed as follows: <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>N</keycap></keycombo> .Where the conventions for <quote>Control</quote>, <quote>Shift,</quote> and <quote>Alternate</quote> keys will be <keycap>Ctrl</keycap>, <keycap>Shift</keycap>, and <keycap>Alt</keycap>, respectively, and shall mean the first key is to be held down while pressing the second key.</para>

610

</listitem>

611

</itemizedlist>

612

<para>

613

<emphasis role="bold">Code conventions:</emphasis>

614

</para>

615

616

617

<para>Code and mark-up samples will be formatted in a grey block.</para>

618

</listitem>

619

620

<para>Sometimes, lines of code or mark-up examples will be longer than the page width. To avoid having them run off the page, the slash character "\" is used to denote a soft line break. This means that the line of code is meant to be on one line, but for print formatting, it has been broken across two or more lines.</para>

621

</listitem>

622

</itemizedlist>

623

</sect1>

624

625

<title>Text Editing</title>

626

<para>The text editor referenced in the instructions provided by this document is <application os="gnome">Gedit</application>which is installed as a default Ubuntu package. <application os="gnome">Gedit</application> can be started by clicking <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Text Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice> At times in this guide <application os="gnome">Gedit</application> is run from the command line using <application>Sudo</application>, as most configuration files require root privileges to alter them. Its recommended that you also run <application os="gnome">Gedit</application> from the command line when shown in this guide.</para>

627

</sect1>

628

629

<title>Contributing</title>

630

<para>This book is developed by the <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">Ubuntu Documentation Team </ulink> .The source code for this book is written using Docbook XML and is kept in a Subversion code revision control repository. Everyone is able to checkout a copy of the source code and provide updates in the form of patches. Another way of contributing is by sending ideas or comments to the Ubuntu Documentation Team mailing list. Information about the team, its mailing lists, projects, etc. can be found on the <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">Ubuntu Documentation Team Website </ulink> .</para>

631

</sect1>

632

633

634

<title>Feedback</title>

635

<para>As the reader of this publication, you are our most important critic. We welcome your input and ask that you let us know what we are doing right and what we are doing wrong.</para>

636

<para>We have tried to compile this publication with the utmost attention to detail. However, this does not mean it is error-free. For this reason, we would like to solicit your assistance in improving the quality of this publication by asking you to report all problems you may encounter, regardless of nature. To report a problem or make a suggestion, please file a bug report at the <ulink url="http://bugzilla.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu Bugzilla</ulink>, under the 'Documentation' category.</para>

637

<para>Many thanks,</para>

638

<para>-Your Ubuntu Documentation Team</para>

639

</sect1>

640

641

</preface>

642

643

<title id="gettingstarted">Getting Started</title>

644

645

646

647

<para>What is <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>?</para>

648

</question>

649

650

<para>Ubuntu is a complete Linux-based operating system, freely available with both community and professional support. To find out more, visit <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com">http://www.ubuntu.com</ulink></para>

651

</answer>

652

</qandaentry>

653

654

655

<para>Where can I see some <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> screenshots?</para>

656

</question>

657

658

<para>OSDir.com has almost 60 screenshots. You can find them here: <ulink url="http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=342&slide=27&title=ubuntu+linux+5.10+colony+1+breezy+badger+screenshots">Ubuntu GNOME Screenshots.</ulink></para>

659

</answer>

660

</qandaentry>

661

662

663

<para>Where can I find a list of all the programs and libraries that come with <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>?</para>

664

</question>

665

666

667

668

<para>The complete list of packages can be found here: <ulink url="http://packages.ubuntu.com/breezy">ubuntu-packages;</ulink>.</para>

669

</listitem>

670

671

<para>A limited set of packages are tracked by DistroWatch.com, and are listed on their website: <ulink url="http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/</ulink></para>

672

</listitem>

673

</itemizedlist>

674

</answer>

675

</qandaentry>

676

677

678

<para>Where can I download <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>?</para>

679

</question>

680

681

<para>The main download site is <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com/download">http://www.ubuntu.com/download</ulink>.</para>

682

683

</answer>

684

</qandaentry>

685

686

687

688

</question>

689

690

<para>In Windows with <application>Nero Burning ROM</application>:</para>

691

<para>

692

693

694

<para>Download the ISO file to your hard drive. (See <xref linkend="wheredownload"/> for download locations.)</para>

695

</listitem>

696

697

<para>Insert a blank CD into your CD writer.</para>

698

</listitem>

699

700

<para>Start Nero Burning ROM.</para>

701

</listitem>

702

703

<para>Follow the wizard and select Data CD.</para>

704

</listitem>

705

706

<para>When the wizard finishes, click Burn Image on the File menu.</para>

707

</listitem>

708

709

<para>In the Open dialog box, select the ISO file, and then click Open.</para>

710

</listitem>

711

712

<para>In the wizard, click Burn to create the <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> CD.</para>

713

</listitem>

714

</orderedlist>

715

</para>

716

<para>In Ubuntu with <application>Nautilus</application>:</para>

717

<para>

718

719

720

<para>Download the ISO file to your hard drive. (See <xref linkend="wheredownload"/> for download locations.)</para>

721

</listitem>

722

723

<para>Insert a blank CD into your CD writer.</para>

724

</listitem>

725

726

<para>In <application>Nautilus</application>, right click on the file you just downloaded, and choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Write to Disc</guimenu></menuchoice>. The <guilabel>Write to Disc</guilabel> dialog opens.</para>

727

</listitem>

728

729

<para>In the dialog, choose your CD writer and speed, then click on <guibutton>Write</guibutton>. The <guilabel>Writing Files to Disc Progress</guilabel> dialog opens, and <application>Nautilus</application> starts writing the disk.</para>

730

</listitem>

731

</orderedlist>

732

</para>

733

</answer>

734

</qandaentry>

735

736

737

<para>Where can I get Ubuntu CDs for FREE?</para>

738

</question>

739

740

<para>You can order free Ubuntu CDs on the shipit website: <ulink url="http://shipit.ubuntu.com">http://shipit.ubuntu.com</ulink>. Shipping is free too!</para>

741

</answer>

742

</qandaentry>

743

744

745

<para>Where can I get more help for <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>?</para>

746

</question>

747

748

749

750

<para>

751

<ulink url="http://lists.ubuntu.com">Mailing Lists</ulink>

752

</para>

753

</listitem>

754

755

<para>

756

<ulink url="http://www.ubuntulinux.org/community/forums">Web Forums</ulink>

757

</para>

758

</listitem>

759

760

<para>

761

<ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">Documentation</ulink>

762

</para>

763

</listitem>

764

765

<para>IRC chat: <phrase>irc.freenode.net channel ubuntu</phrase></para>

766

</listitem>

767

</orderedlist>

768

</answer>

769

</qandaentry>

770

</qandaset>

771

</chapter>

772

773

<title id="synaptic">Installing Applications</title>

774

775

776

777

<para>How do I install new applications and where do they come from?</para>

778

</question>

779

780

<para>There are several methods installing new applications, of which <application>Synaptic</application> is the easiest. <application>Synaptics'</application> full usage is explained below.</para>

781

<para>All the software you install from <application>Synaptic</application> or <application>apt-get</application> comes from common online repositories that <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> maintains. The applications in these repositories have been checked by <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> and will be free of viruses and spyware, but some of the applications may still contain bugs.</para>

782

<para>Whether you use <application>Synaptic</application> or some of the other methods outlined below, they all share a common database and changes made in one will show up in any of the others.</para>

783

</answer>

784

</qandaentry>

785

786

787

<para>How do I use <phrase>Synaptic</phrase> to install packages?</para>

788

</question>

789

790

<para>To start <application>Synaptic</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice> The Synaptic screen is divided up into four sections, the two most important being the package categories on the left side, and the packages on the right. Each time you are required to install a package in this guide, it will be listed as follows:</para>

791

<para>Category > PackageName</para>

792

<para>To select a package to install:</para>

793

794

795

<para>Choose the category on the left section of <application>Synaptic</application>.</para>

796

</listitem>

797

798

<para>In the right section, find the package and click on the white box next to it. A menu will appear giving you several options depending on the status of the package, simply choose <filename>Mark for installation</filename> to select it for installation.</para>

799

<tip>

800

<para>Alternatively you can click the <filename>Search</filename> toolbar button, enter the <quote>PackageName</quote> (the applications name) in the search text field and click the <filename>Search</filename> button. <application>Synaptic</application> will now show you a much shorter list from which to select your application for installation. This can be much easier than having to look through the very long list of applications on your own.</para>

801

</tip>

802

</listitem>

803

804

<para>If the package you chose to install requires other packages to also be installed a dialog box will appear. Click <filename>Mark</filename> to allow it to do so.</para>

805

</listitem>

806

807

<para>Once you are happy with the package selections, click <filename>Apply</filename> on the top menubar. A dialog box will appear detailing the changes to your system, click <filename>Apply</filename> to begin installation.</para>

808

</listitem>

809

810

<para>Synaptic will then fetch and install the packages you have selected. A progress dialog box will appear and it may ask you to insert other media (such as the <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> CD-ROM).</para>

811

</listitem>

812

813

<para>Once finished, you will be notified <filename>Changes applied</filename>, click <filename>Close</filename> to finish the installation.</para>

814

</listitem>

815

</orderedlist>

816

</answer>

817

</qandaentry>

818

819

820

<para>How do I add Universe and Multiverse?</para>

821

</question>

822

823

<para>By default, Ubuntu comes pre-configured with basic and security update repositories. To enable the extra Universe and Multiverse repositories:</para>

824

825

826

<para>Start <application>Synaptic</application> by selecting <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the desktop menu system.</para>

827

</listitem>

828

829

<para>In <application>Synaptic</application> choose Settings-> Repositories.</para>

830

</listitem>

831

832

<para>Click the <filename>Settings</filename> button.</para>

833

</listitem>

834

835

<para>Tick <filename>Show disabled software sources</filename>, then click <filename>Close</filename>.</para>

836

</listitem>

837

838

<para>On the Repositories dialog box click <filename>Add</filename>. There are three separate repositories; Breezy Badger, Security Updates and Updates. Select each repository and check <filename>Officially supported</filename>, <filename>Restricted copyright</filename>, <filename>Community maintained (Universe)</filename> and <filename>Non-free (Multiverse)</filename>. Ensure you click <filename>OK</filename> between each repository to save your changes.</para>

839

</listitem>

840

841

<para>You should now see checkboxes next to each repository, scroll through the list and ensure they are all checked.</para>

842

</listitem>

843

</orderedlist>

844

</answer>

845

</qandaentry>

846

847

848

<para>How do I add backports?</para>

849

</question>

850

851

<para>Backports are newer versions of applications made available for the current stable release of Ubuntu.</para>

852

853

854

<para>Start <application>Synaptic</application> by selecting <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the desktop menu system.</para>

855

</listitem>

856

857

<para>In Synaptic choose Settings-> Repositories.</para>

858

</listitem>

859

860

<para>Click on <guilabel>Add</guilabel> and then <guilabel>Custom</guilabel>.</para>

861

</listitem>

862

863

864

<para>Paste the following line into the box: <screen>

865

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-backports main universe multiverse restricted</screen></para>

866

</listitem>

867

868

<para>Click <guilabel>Ok</guilabel> and then click <guilabel>Yes</guilabel> when it asks you to reload. Backports is now available.</para>

869

</listitem>

870

</orderedlist>

871

</answer>

872

</qandaentry>

873

874

875

<para>How do I keep Ubuntu updated?</para>

876

</question>

877

878

<para>When packages on your <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> system need updating, <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> will inform you with a popup from your notification area. When you see this popup, click <guibutton>Show Updates</guibutton>, <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> will ask your for your password, enter it then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>. In the <application>Ubuntu Update Manager</application> click <guibutton>Install</guibutton>, the system will fetch and install any updates that are needed. When it has finished, click <guibutton>Close</guibutton>, then close <application>Ubuntu Update Manager</application>.</para>

879

</answer>

880

</qandaentry>

881

882

883

<para>How to backup/restore downloaded repositories cache?</para>

884

</question>

885

886

887

888

<para>To backup downloaded repositories cache <screen>mkdir -p $HOME/backup/var/lib/

889

sudo cp -R /var/lib/apt/ $HOME/backup/var/lib/

890

mkdir -p $HOME/backup/var/cache/

891

sudo cp -R /var/cache/apt/ $HOME/backup/var/cache/

892

mkdir -p $HOME/backup/etc/apt

893

sudo cp -R /etc/apt/ $HOME/backup/etc/

894

sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/backup/</screen></para>

895

</listitem>

896

897

<para>To restore downloaded repositories cache <screen>sudo cp -fR $HOME/backup/var/* /var/

898

sudo cp -fR $HOME/backup/etc/apt/* /etc/apt/</screen></para>

899

</listitem>

900

</orderedlist>

901

</answer>

902

</qandaentry>

903

904

905

<para>How to manually update <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> using Apt-get?</para>

906

</question>

907

908

909

910

911

</listitem>

912

913

<para>

914

<screen>sudo apt-get update

915

sudo apt-get upgrade</screen>

916

</para>

917

</listitem>

918

</orderedlist>

919

</answer>

920

</qandaentry>

921

</qandaset>

922

</chapter>

923

924

<title id="applications">Applications</title>

925

<para>This chapter contains information on how to install common applications and tools. More information on their usage is contained in the help sections and man pages for each application.</para>

926

927

<title>Music and Movies</title>

928

929

930

931

<para>How do I install multimedia codecs?</para>

932

</question>

933

934

935

936

<para>Make sure the universe and multiverse repositories are enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

937

</listitem>

938

939

<para>Install the following packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

940

<para>

941

<literallayout>Libraries (multiverse) > gstreamer0.8-plugins-multiverse

942

Libraries (universe) > gstreamer0.8-plugins

943

Libraries (universe) > gstreamer0.8-ffmpeg

944

Libraries (universe) > gstreamer0.8-mad

945

Multimedia > vorbis-tools

946

Multimedia (multiverse) > lame

947

Multimedia (multiverse) > faad

948

Multimedia (multiverse) > gstreamer0.8-lame

949

Multimedia (universe) > sox

950

Graphics (multiverse) > mjpegtools

951

Graphics (universe) > ffmpeg

952

GNOME Desktop Enviroment (universe) > totem-xine

953

</literallayout>

954

</para>

955

</listitem>

956

957

<para>Register the GStreamer plugins on your system. At the command line, type <screen os="gnome">gst-register-0.8</screen></para>

958

</listitem>

959

</orderedlist>

960

<para>Due to patent and copyright restrictions, the w32codecs and libdivx4linux packages are not included with Ubuntu. For more information on these read <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats</ulink>.</para>

961

</answer>

962

</qandaentry>

963

964

965

<para>How do I install DVD playback?</para>

966

</question>

967

968

<para>Currently there is no legal way to play DVDs on Linux using free packages. To enable DVD playback, read DVD-video at <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats</ulink></para>

969

</answer>

970

</qandaentry>

971

972

973

<para>How do I install RealPlayer 10?</para>

974

</question>

975

976

977

978

<para>Visit <ulink url="http://www.real.com/linux/">http://www.real.com/linux/</ulink> and download <application>Realplayer 10 for Linux</application> into a convenient directory.</para>

979

</listitem>

980

981

<para>Make the downloaded file executable. At the command line, change to the directory where you downloaded the file, and type <screen>chmod +x RealPlayer10GOLD.bin</screen></para>

982

</listitem>

983

984

<para>To install <application>Real Player 10</application>, run the downloaded file. Type <screen>sudo ./RealPlayer10GOLD.bin</screen></para>

985

<para>When prompted for a location to install RealPlayer 10, type <filename>/usr/bin/RealPlayer</filename></para>

986

<para>When prompted to configure system-wide symbolic links, type "y". After that, accept the default prefix for symbolic links.</para>

987

</listitem>

988

989

<para>You can now safely remove the downloaded file from your system. Type <screen>rm RealPlayer10GOLD.bin</screen></para>

990

</listitem>

991

992

<para>To run <application>Real Player 10</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Applications</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>RealPlayer 10</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

993

</listitem>

994

</orderedlist>

995

</answer>

996

</qandaentry>

997

998

999

<para>How do I install the stream directory browser streamtuner?</para>

1000

</question>

1001

1002

1003

1004

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1005

</listitem>

1006

1007

<para>Install the streamtuner package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para><para>

1008

<literallayout>Networking (universe) > streamtuner</literallayout>

1009

</para>

1010

</listitem>

1011

1012

<para>To run <application>streamtuner</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>streamtuner</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1013

</listitem>

1014

</orderedlist>

1015

</answer>

1016

</qandaentry>

1017

1018

1019

<para>How do I install a ID3 tag editor (Cowbell)?</para>

1020

</question>

1021

1022

1023

1024

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1025

</listitem>

1026

1027

<para>Install the cowbell package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1028

<para>

1029

<literallayout>Multimedia (universe) > cowbell</literallayout>

1030

</para>

1031

</listitem>

1032

1033

<para>To run <application>Cowbell</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1034

</listitem>

1035

</orderedlist>

1036

</answer>

1037

</qandaentry>

1038

1039

1040

<para>How do I install a video editor (Kino)?</para>

1041

</question>

1042

1043

1044

1045

<para>Install the kino package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1046

<para>

1047

<literallayout>Graphics > kino</literallayout>

1048

</para>

1049

</listitem>

1050

1051

<para>To run <application>Kino</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kino Video Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1052

</listitem>

1053

</orderedlist>

1054

</answer>

1055

</qandaentry>

1056

1057

1058

<para>How do I install an audio editor (Audacity)?</para>

1059

</question>

1060

1061

1062

1063

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1064

</listitem>

1065

1066

<para>Install the audacity package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1067

<para>

1068

<literallayout>Multimedia (universe) > audacity</literallayout>

1069

</para>

1070

</listitem>

1071

1072

<para>To run <application>Audacity</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1073

</listitem>

1074

</orderedlist>

1075

</answer>

1076

</qandaentry>

1077

1078

1079

<para>How do I install a DVD ripper (dvd::rip)?</para>

1080

</question>

1081

1082

1083

1084

<para>Make sure the multiverse repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1085

</listitem>

1086

1087

<para>Install the multimedia codecs. See <xref linkend="codecs"/>.</para>

1088

</listitem>

1089

1090

<para>Install DVD video playback. See <xref linkend="dvdplayback"/>.</para>

1091

</listitem>

1092

1093

<para>Install the following packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1094

<para>

1095

<literallayout>Graphics (multiverse) > dvdrip

1096

Miscellaneous - Graphical (multiverse) > transcode</literallayout>

1097

</para>

1098

</listitem>

1099

1100

<para>Start a new desktop configuration file in the <filename>/usr/share/applications</filename> directory. <screen>sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dvdrip.desktop</screen> A blank file called <filename>dvdrip.desktop</filename> opens in <application>gedit</application>.</para>

1101

</listitem>

1102

1103

<para>Add the following lines to the new file:</para>

1104

<para>

1105

<screen>[Desktop Entry]

1106

Name=dvd::rip

1107

Comment=dvd::rip

1108

Exec=dvdrip

1109

Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm

1110

Terminal=false

1111

Type=Application

1112

Categories=Application;AudioVideo;</screen>

1113

</para>

1114

</listitem>

1115

1116

<para>Save the file and close <application>gedit</application>. (See <ulink url="sample/dvdrip.desktop_dvdrip"/> for an example.)</para>

1117

</listitem>

1118

1119

<para>To start <application>dvd::rip</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>dvd::rip</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1120

</listitem>

1121

</orderedlist>

1122

</answer>

1123

</qandaentry>

1124

</qandaset>

1125

</sect1>

1126

1127

1128

1129

1130

1131

<para>How do I install the J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) 5 (1.5) with Firefox plugin?</para>

1132

</question>

1133

1134

1135

1136

<para>Make sure the multiverse repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1137

</listitem>

1138

1139

<para>Go to <ulink url="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp</ulink> and click on <quote>Download JRE 5.0 Update 4</quote>. Ensure you do not choose the link with the NetBeans bundle.</para>

1140

<note>

1141

<para>At the time of this writing J2SE is at version 5.0 Update 4. This is subject to change. If you do not see this version on Sun's website, download the newest version displayed.</para>

1142

</note>

1143

</listitem>

1144

1145

<para>You must first accept the licence, then click on <quote>Linux self-extracting file</quote> (jre-1_5_0_04-linux-i586.bin). Save this file to your hard drive.</para>

1146

</listitem>

1147

1148

1149

<para>Install the java-package package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1150

<para>

1151

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Text Based (multiverse) > java-package</literallayout>

1152

1153

</para>

1154

</listitem>

1155

1156

<para>Make the downloaded file executable. At the command line, change to the directory where you downloaded the file, and type <screen>chmod +x jre-1_5_0_04-linux-i586.bin</screen></para>

1157

</listitem>

1158

1159

<para>To install JRE, run the downloaded file. Type <screen>fakeroot make-jpkg jre-1_5_0_04-linux-i586.bin</screen></para>

1160

</listitem>

1161

1162

<para>

1163

<screen>dpkg -i sun-j2re1.5_1.5.0+update04_i386.deb</screen>

1164

</para>

1165

</listitem>

1166

</orderedlist>

1167

</answer>

1168

</qandaentry>

1169

</qandaset>

1170

</sect1>

1171

1172

<title>Fonts</title>

1173

1174

1175

1176

<para>How do I install extra fonts?</para>

1177

</question>

1178

1179

1180

1181

<para>Make sure the universe and multiverse repositories are enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1182

</listitem>

1183

1184

<para>Install the font packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1185

<para>

1186

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-arabic

1187

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-asian

1188

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-chinese

1189

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-chinese-big

1190

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-european

1191

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-japanese

1192

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-japanese-big

1193

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > xfonts-intl-phonetic

1194

Miscellaneous - Graphical > gsfonts-x11

1195

Miscellaneous - Graphical (multiverse) > msttcorefonts

1196

</literallayout>

1197

</para>

1198

</listitem>

1199

1200

<para>Rebuild the font information cache files</para>

1201

<screen>sudo fc-cache -f -v</screen>

1202

</listitem>

1203

</orderedlist>

1204

</answer>

1205

</qandaentry>

1206

1207

1208

<para>How do I install the Chinese Input Method (SCIM)?</para>

1209

</question>

1210

1211

1212

1213

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1214

</listitem>

1215

1216

<para>Make sure you have the Chinese fonts installed. (See <xref linkend="extrafonts"/>.)</para>

1217

</listitem>

1218

1219

<para>Install the scim packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1220

<para>

1221

<literallayout>Utilities (universe) > scim

1222

Utilities (universe) > scim-chinese

1223

Utilities (universe) > scim-config-socket

1224

Utilities (universe) > scim-gtk2-immodule

1225

Utilities (universe) > scim-tables-zh

1226

</literallayout>

1227

</para>

1228

</listitem>

1229

1230

<para>

1231

<screen>wget -c <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz">http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz</ulink>

1232

sudo tar zxvf fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz -C /usr/share/fonts/truetype/

1233

sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/fonts/truetype/fireflysung-1.3.0/

1234

sudo fc-cache -f -v</screen>

1235

</para>

1236

</listitem>

1237

1238

<para>

1239

1240

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

1241

<guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu>

1242

<guimenuitem>SCIM Input Method Setup</guimenuitem>

1243

</menuchoice>

1244

</para>

1245

</listitem>

1246

1247

<para>To activate SCIM press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Space</keycap></keycombo>.</para>

1248

</listitem>

1249

</orderedlist>

1250

</answer>

1251

</qandaentry>

1252

</qandaset>

1253

</sect1>

1254

1255

<title>Office</title>

1256

1257

1258

1259

<para>How do I install a project management application (Planner)?</para>

1260

</question>

1261

1262

1263

1264

<para>Install the planner package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1265

<para>

1266

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment > planner</literallayout>

1267

</para>

1268

</listitem>

1269

1270

<para>To start <application>Planner</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Project Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1271

</listitem>

1272

</orderedlist>

1273

</answer>

1274

</qandaentry>

1275

1276

1277

<para>How do I install an accounting application (GnuCash)?</para>

1278

</question>

1279

1280

1281

1282

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1283

</listitem>

1284

1285

<para>Install the gnucash package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1286

<para>

1287

<literallayout>Gnome Desktop Environment (universe) > gnucash</literallayout>

1288

</para>

1289

</listitem>

1290

1291

<para>Remove some unnecessary directories and files. <screen>sudo rm -fr /usr/share/gnome/apps/Applications/</screen></para>

1292

</listitem>

1293

1294

<para>Start a new desktop configuration file in the <filename>/usr/share/applications</filename> directory. <screen>sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/GnuCash.desktop</screen> A blank file called <filename>GnuCash.desktop</filename> opens in <application>gedit</application>.</para>

1295

</listitem>

1296

1297

<para>Add the following lines to the new file.</para>

1298

1299

[Desktop Entry]

1300

Name=GnuCash

1301

Comment=GnuCash Personal Finance

1302

Exec=gnucash

1303

Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnucash/gnucash-icon.png

1304

Terminal=false

1305

Type=Application

1306

Categories=Application;Office;

1307

</programlisting>

1308

</listitem>

1309

1310

<para>Save the file and close <application>gedit</application>. (See <ulink url="sample/GnuCash.desktop_gnucash">sample/GnuCash.desktop_gnucash</ulink> for an example.)</para>

1311

</listitem>

1312

1313

<para>To open <application>GnuCash</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>GnuCash</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1314

</listitem>

1315

</orderedlist>

1316

</answer>

1317

</qandaentry>

1318

1319

1320

<para>How do I install a desktop publishing application (Scribus)?</para>

1321

</question>

1322

1323

1324

1325

<para>Install the scribus package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1326

<para>

1327

<literallayout>Graphics > scribus</literallayout>

1328

</para>

1329

</listitem>

1330

1331

<para>To install additional templates, make sure you have the universe repository enabled (see <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>), and install the scribus-template package with <application>Synaptic</application>.</para>

1332

<para>

1333

<literallayout>Graphics (universe) > scribus-template</literallayout>

1334

</para>

1335

</listitem>

1336

1337

<para>To start <application>Scribus</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1338

</listitem>

1339

</orderedlist>

1340

</answer>

1341

</qandaentry>

1342

1343

1344

<para>How do I install a diagram editor (Dia)?</para>

1345

</question>

1346

1347

1348

1349

<para>Install the dia-gnome package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1350

<para>

1351

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment > dia-gnome</literallayout>

1352

</para>

1353

</listitem>

1354

1355

<para>To start <application>Dia</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Dia</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1356

</listitem>

1357

</orderedlist>

1358

</answer>

1359

</qandaentry>

1360

</qandaset>

1361

</sect1>

1362

1363

<title>Games</title>

1364

1365

1366

1367

<para>How do I install Frozen-Bubble?</para>

1368

</question>

1369

1370

1371

1372

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1373

</listitem>

1374

1375

<para>Install the frozen-bubble package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1376

<para>

1377

<literallayout>Games and Amusement (universe) > frozen-bubble</literallayout>

1378

</para>

1379

</listitem>

1380

1381

<para>To start <application>Frozen-Bubble</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Frozen-Bubble</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1382

</listitem>

1383

</orderedlist>

1384

</answer>

1385

</qandaentry>

1386

1387

1388

<para>How do I install PlanetPenguin Racer?</para>

1389

</question>

1390

1391

<note>

1392

<para>Ensure you have hardware accelerated 3D drivers installed for your video card. For more information see the <xref linkend="fg-hardware"/>.</para>

1393

</note>

1394

1395

1396

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1397

</listitem>

1398

1399

<para>Install the planetpenguin-racer package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1400

<para>

1401

<literallayout>Games and Amusement (universe) > planetpenguin-racer</literallayout>

1402

</para>

1403

</listitem>

1404

1405

<para>To start <application>PlanetPenguin Racer</application>, at the command line type <screen>ppracer</screen></para>

1406

</listitem>

1407

</orderedlist>

1408

</answer>

1409

</qandaentry>

1410

1411

1412

<!-- There is a dependancy problem with this at the moment (libwxgtk2.4 (>=2.4.2.6ubuntu1)

1413

not installable. Will be rebuilt for Breezy release -->

1414

<para>How do I install Scorched3D?</para>

1415

</question>

1416

1417

<para>Scorched3D is a 3D remake of Worms/Scorched Earth.</para>

1418

<note>

1419

<para>Ensure you have hardware accelerated 3D drivers installed for your video card. For more information see the <xref linkend="fg-hardware"/>.</para>

1420

</note>

1421

1422

1423

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1424

</listitem>

1425

1426

<para>Install the scorched3d package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1427

<para>

1428

<literallayout>Games and Amusement (universe) > scorched3d</literallayout>

1429

</para>

1430

</listitem>

1431

1432

<para>To start <application>Scorched3D</application>, at the command line type <screen>scorched3d</screen></para>

1433

</listitem>

1434

</orderedlist>

1435

</answer>

1436

</qandaentry>

1437

1438

1439

<para>How do I install Quake 3?</para>

1440

</question>

1441

1442

<note>

1443

<para>Ensure you have hardware accelerated 3D drivers installed for your video card. For more information see the <xref linkend="fg-hardware"/>.</para>

1444

</note>

1445

1446

1447

<para>Download the Quake 3 Point Release from: <ulink url="http://www.fileplanet.com/61609/60000/fileinfo/Quake-III-Arena-Point-Release-v1.32b-(Linux)">http://www.fileplanet.com/61609/60000/fileinfo/Quake-III-Arena-Point-Release-v1.32b-(Linux)</ulink></para>

1448

</listitem>

1449

1450

<para>Run the file you downloaded and follow the prompts.</para>

1451

</listitem>

1452

1453

<para>Copy all the <filename>.PK3</filename> files from your Quake 3 CDROM into the <filename>base</filename> directory of your <filename>quake3</filename> folder.</para>

1454

</listitem>

1455

<!-- <listitem>

1456

1457

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Quake3.desktop</screen>

1458

</listitem>

1459

1460

<para>Insert the following lines into the new

1461

file</para>

1462

1463

[Desktop Entry]

1464

Name=Quake 3

1465

Comment=Quake 3

1466

Exec=/usr/local/games/quake3/quake3

1467

Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/quake2.xpm

1468

Terminal=false

1469

Type=Application

1470

Categories=Application;Game;

1471

</programlisting>

1472

</listitem>

1473

1474

<para>Save the edited file.</para>

1475

</listitem> -->

1476

1477

<para>To run <application>Quake 3</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Other</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Quake 3</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1478

</listitem>

1479

</orderedlist>

1480

</answer>

1481

</qandaentry>

1482

1483

1484

<para>How do I install Windows Games with Cedega?</para>

1485

</question>

1486

1487

1488

1489

<para>linux-gamers.net web site describes how to compile and install Cedaga. See <ulink url="http://www.linux-gamers.net/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=45">http://www.linux-gamers.net/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=45</ulink>.</para>

1490

</listitem>

1491

1492

<para>For more information see:</para>

1493

<para>

1494

<ulink url="http://www.transgaming.com">http://www.transgaming.com</ulink>

1495

</para>

1496

<para>

1497

<ulink url="http://digital-conquest.ath.cx/wiki/index.php/Main_Page">http://digital-conquest.ath.cx/wiki/index.php/Main_Page</ulink>

1498

</para>

1499

</listitem>

1500

</orderedlist>

1501

</answer>

1502

</qandaentry>

1503

</qandaset>

1504

</sect1>

1505

1506

<title>Internet</title>

1507

1508

1509

1510

<para>How do I install the Flash Player Plug-in (Macromedia Flash) for Mozilla Firefox?</para>

1511

</question>

1512

1513

1514

1515

<para>Make sure the multiverse repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1516

</listitem>

1517

1518

<para>Install the flashplayer-mozilla package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1519

<para>

1520

<literallayout>World Wide Web (multiverse) > flashplayer-mozilla</literallayout>

1521

</para>

1522

</listitem>

1523

1524

<para>The plug-in will be available the next time you start <application>Firefox</application>.</para>

1525

</listitem>

1526

</orderedlist>

1527

</answer>

1528

</qandaentry>

1529

1530

1531

<para>How do I install a PDF reader (Adobe Acrobat) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox?</para>

1532

</question>

1533

1534

1535

1536

<para>Make sure the multiverse repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1537

</listitem>

1538

1539

<para>Install the acroread and mozilla-acroread packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1540

<para>

1541

<literallayout>Text (multiverse) > acroread

1542

Text (multiverse) > mozilla-acroread</literallayout>

1543

</para>

1544

</listitem>

1545

1546

<para os="gnome">To open <application>Adobe Acrobat</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Acrobat Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1547

</listitem>

1548

1549

<para>The plug-in will be available the next time you start <application>Firefox</application>.</para>

1550

</listitem>

1551

</orderedlist>

1552

</answer>

1553

</qandaentry>

1554

1555

1556

<para>How do I install the P2P aMule client?</para>

1557

</question>

1558

1559

1560

1561

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1562

</listitem>

1563

1564

<para>Install the amule package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1565

<para>

1566

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > amule</literallayout>

1567

</para>

1568

</listitem>

1569

1570

<para os="gnome">To open <application>aMule</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>aMule</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1571

</listitem>

1572

</orderedlist>

1573

</answer>

1574

</qandaentry>

1575

1576

1577

<para>How do I install a P2P Gnutella Client (LimeWire)?</para>

1578

</question>

1579

1580

1581

1582

<para>Make sure the Java Runtime Environment is installed. (See <xref linkend="jre"/>.)</para>

1583

</listitem>

1584

1585

<para>At the command line, issue the following commands: <screen>

1586

wget -c <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/LimeWireSoftOther.zip">http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/LimeWireSoftOther.zip</ulink>

1587

sudo unzip -u LimeWireSoftOther.zip -d /opt/

1588

sudo chown -R root:root /opt/LimeWire/

1589

</screen></para>

1590

</listitem>

1591

1592

<para>Create a new shell script in the <filename>/usr/bin</filename> directory. <screen>sudo gedit /usr/bin/runLime.sh</screen> A blank file called <filename>runLime.sh</filename> opens in <application>gedit</application>.</para>

1593

</listitem>

1594

1595

<para>Add the following lines to the file</para>

1596

<para>

1597

1598

cd /opt/LimeWire/

1599

./runLime.sh</programlisting>

1600

</para>

1601

</listitem>

1602

1603

<para>Save the file and close <application>gedit</application>. For an example of the file, see <ulink url="sample/runLime.sh_limewire"/>.</para>

1604

</listitem>

1605

1606

<para>Make the new file executable. <screen>sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runLime.sh</screen></para>

1607

</listitem>

1608

1609

<para>Start a new desktop configuration file in the <filename>/usr/share/applications</filename> directory. <screen>sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/LimeWire.desktop</screen> A blank file called <filename>LimeWire.desktop</filename> opens in <application>gedit</application>.</para>

1610

</listitem>

1611

1612

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file:</para>

1613

<para>

1614

1615

[Desktop Entry]

1616

Name=LimeWire

1617

Comment=LimeWire

1618

Exec=runLime.sh

1619

Icon=/opt/LimeWire/LimeWire.ico

1620

Terminal=false

1621

Type=Application

1622

Categories=Application;Network;</screen>

1623

</para>

1624

</listitem>

1625

1626

<para>Save the file and close <application>gedit</application>. For an example of the file, see <ulink url="sample/LimeWire.desktop_limewire"/>.</para>

1627

</listitem>

1628

1629

<para os="gnome">To start <application>LimeWire</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>LimeWire</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1630

</listitem>

1631

</orderedlist>

1632

</answer>

1633

</qandaentry>

1634

1635

1636

<para>How do I install a download manager (Downloader for X)?</para>

1637

</question>

1638

1639

1640

1641

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1642

</listitem>

1643

1644

<para>Install the d4x package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1645

<para>

1646

<literallayout>Networking (universe) > d4x</literallayout>

1647

</para>

1648

</listitem>

1649

1650

<para os="gnome">To start <application>Downloader for X</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Downloader for X</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1651

</listitem>

1652

</orderedlist>

1653

</answer>

1654

</qandaentry>

1655

1656

1657

<para>How do I install a FTP Client (gFTP)?</para>

1658

</question>

1659

1660

1661

1662

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1663

</listitem>

1664

1665

<para>Install the gftp package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1666

<para>

1667

<literallayout>Networking (universe) > gftp</literallayout>

1668

</para>

1669

</listitem>

1670

1671

<para os="gnome">To start <application>gFTP</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gFTP</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

1672

</listitem>

1673

</orderedlist>

1674

</answer>

1675

</qandaentry>

1676

<!-- Dependancy issue with official Skype package

1677

1678

1679

<para>How do I install Skype?</para>

1680

</question>

1681

1682

1683

1684

<para>Install the libqt3-mt package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)

1685

</para>

1686

<para>

1687

<literallayout> Libraries > libqt3-mt</literallayout>

1688

</para>

1689

</listitem>

1690

1691

<para>Download and install the Skype Debian package. At the command line, type

1692

1693

wget -c <ulink url="&skype-download;">&skype-download;</ulink>

1694

sudo dpkg -i &skype-deb;</screen>

1695

</para>

1696

</listitem>

1697

1698

<para os="gnome">To start <application>Skype</application>, choose &skype; </para>

1699

</listitem>

1700

</orderedlist>

1701

</answer>

1702

</qandaentry> -->

1703

1704

1705

<para>How do I install the <application>Mozilla Thunderbird</application> e-mail client?</para>

1706

</question>

1707

1708

1709

1710

<para>Install the mozilla-thunderbird package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1711

<para>

1712

<literallayout>Email > mozilla-thunderbird</literallayout>

1713

</para>

1714

</listitem>

1715

1716

<para>To start <application>Thunderbird</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Thunderbird Mail Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1717

</listitem>

1718

</orderedlist>

1719

</answer>

1720

</qandaentry>

1721

1722

1723

<para>How do I install a newsreader (Pan)?</para>

1724

</question>

1725

1726

1727

1728

<para>Install the pan package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1729

<para>

1730

<literallayout>Newsgroup > pan</literallayout>

1731

</para>

1732

</listitem>

1733

1734

<para>To open <application>Pan Newsreader</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Pan Newsreader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1735

</listitem>

1736

</orderedlist>

1737

</answer>

1738

</qandaentry>

1739

1740

1741

<para>How do I install a RSS/RDF/Atom newsreader (Liferea)?</para>

1742

</question>

1743

1744

1745

1746

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1747

</listitem>

1748

1749

<para>Install the liferea package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1750

<para>

1751

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment (universe) > liferea</literallayout>

1752

</para>

1753

</listitem>

1754

1755

<para>To open <application>Liferea Feed Reader</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Liferea Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1756

</listitem>

1757

</orderedlist>

1758

</answer>

1759

</qandaentry>

1760

1761

1762

<para>How do I install a WYSIWYG web authoring aystem (Nvu)?</para>

1763

</question>

1764

1765

1766

1767

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

1768

</listitem>

1769

1770

<para>Install the nvu package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1771

<para>

1772

<literallayout>World Wide Web (universe) > nvu</literallayout>

1773

</para>

1774

</listitem>

1775

1776

<para>To start <application>Nvu</application>, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Nvu</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

1777

</listitem>

1778

</orderedlist>

1779

</answer>

1780

</qandaentry>

1781

1782

1783

<para>How do I install a ADSL/PPPoE Client (RP-PPPoE)?</para>

1784

</question>

1785

1786

1787

1788

<para>

1789

1790

wget -c <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz">http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz</ulink>

1791

sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz -C /opt/

1792

sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.5/

1793

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop</screen>

1794

</para>

1795

</listitem>

1796

1797

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file <screen>

1798

[Desktop Entry]

1799

Name=RP-PPPoE

1800

Comment=RP-PPPoE

1801

Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.5/go-gui

1802

Icon=

1803

Terminal=false

1804

Type=Application

1805

Categories=Application;System;</screen></para>

1806

</listitem>

1807

1808

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/RP-PPPoE.desktop_rp-pppoe"/>)</para>

1809

</listitem>

1810

1811

<para>

1812

1813

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1814

<guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu>

1815

<guimenuitem>RP-PPPoE</guimenuitem>

1816

</menuchoice>

1817

</para>

1818

</listitem>

1819

</orderedlist>

1820

</answer>

1821

</qandaentry>

1822

</qandaset>

1823

</sect1>

1824

1825

1826

<title>Networking Utilities</title>

1827

1828

1829

1830

<para>How do I install a firewall?</para>

1831

</question>

1832

1833

1834

1835

1836

</listitem>

1837

1838

<para>With <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>) install:</para>

1839

<para><literallayout>System Administration (universe) > Firestarter</literallayout>

1840

</para>

1841

</listitem>

1842

1843

<para>After it is installed, run <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Firestarter</guimenuitem></menuchoice> to configure your firewall. The firewall will now start in the background when your computer starts.</para>

1844

</listitem>

1845

</orderedlist>

1846

</answer>

1847

</qandaentry>

1848

1849

1850

<para>How do I install a graphical network monitor (EtherApe)?</para>

1851

</question>

1852

1853

<para>Etherape displays network activity among different hosts using circles of varying size.</para>

1854

1855

1856

1857

</listitem>

1858

1859

<para>Install the etherape package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1860

<para>

1861

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment (universe) > etherape</literallayout>

1862

</para>

1863

</listitem>

1864

1865

<para>

1866

1867

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1868

<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>

1869

<guimenuitem>Etherape</guimenuitem>

1870

</menuchoice>

1871

</para>

1872

</listitem>

1873

</orderedlist>

1874

</answer>

1875

</qandaentry>

1876

1877

1878

<para>How do I install a network traffic analyzer (Ethereal)?</para>

1879

</question>

1880

1881

<para>Ethereal is a network traffic analyser/sniffer that captures packets off the network in real time and displays the contents of them.</para>

1882

1883

1884

1885

</listitem>

1886

1887

<para>Install the ethereal package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1888

<para>

1889

<literallayout>Networking (universe) > ethereal</literallayout>

1890

</para>

1891

</listitem>

1892

1893

<para>

1894

1895

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1896

<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>

1897

<guimenuitem>Ethereal</guimenuitem>

1898

</menuchoice>

1899

</para>

1900

</listitem>

1901

</orderedlist>

1902

</answer>

1903

</qandaentry>

1904

</qandaset>

1905

</sect1>

1906

1907

<title>System Utilities</title>

1908

1909

1910

1911

<para>How do I install a partition editor (GParted)?</para>

1912

</question>

1913

1914

1915

1916

1917

</listitem>

1918

1919

<para>Install the gparted package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1920

<para>

1921

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment (universe) > gparted</literallayout>

1922

</para>

1923

</listitem>

1924

1925

<para>

1926

1927

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1928

<guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu>

1929

<guimenuitem>GParted</guimenuitem>

1930

</menuchoice>

1931

</para>

1932

</listitem>

1933

</orderedlist>

1934

</answer>

1935

</qandaentry>

1936

1937

1938

<para>How do I install RAR Archiver (rar)?</para>

1939

</question>

1940

1941

1942

1943

1944

</listitem>

1945

1946

<para>Install the rar package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1947

<para>

1948

<literallayout>Utilities (multiverse) > rar</literallayout>

1949

</para>

1950

</listitem>

1951

1952

<para>

1953

1954

sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar</screen>

1955

</para>

1956

</listitem>

1957

1958

<para>

1959

1960

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1961

<guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu>

1962

<guimenuitem>Archive Manager</guimenuitem>

1963

</menuchoice>

1964

</para>

1965

</listitem>

1966

</orderedlist>

1967

</answer>

1968

</qandaentry>

1969

1970

1971

<para>How do I install desktop applets (gDesklets)?</para>

1972

</question>

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

</listitem>

1978

1979

<para>Install the gdesklets and gdesklets-data packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

1980

<para>

1981

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment (universe) > gdesklets

1982

Miscellaneous - Graphical (universe) > gdesklets-data</literallayout>

1983

</para>

1984

</listitem>

1985

1986

<para>

1987

1988

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

1989

<guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu>

1990

<guimenuitem>gDesklets</guimenuitem>

1991

</menuchoice>

1992

</para>

1993

</listitem>

1994

</orderedlist>

1995

</answer>

1996

</qandaentry>

1997

1998

1999

<para>How do I install CD/DVD burning software (GnomeBaker)?</para>

2000

</question>

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

</listitem>

2006

2007

<para>Install the gnomebaker package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

2008

<para>

2009

<literallayout>GNOME Desktop Environment (universe) > gnomebaker</literallayout>

2010

</para>

2011

</listitem>

2012

2013

<para>

2014

2015

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

2016

<guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu>

2017

<guimenuitem>GnomeBaker CD/DVD Creator</guimenuitem>

2018

</menuchoice>

2019

</para>

2020

</listitem>

2021

</orderedlist>

2022

</answer>

2023

</qandaentry>

2024

2025

2026

<para>How do I install basic compilers (build-essential)?</para>

2027

</question>

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

</listitem>

2033

2034

<para>Install the build-essential package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

2035

<para>

2036

<literallayout>Development > build-essential

2037

</literallayout>

2038

</para>

2039

</listitem>

2040

</orderedlist>

2041

</answer>

2042

</qandaentry>

2043

</qandaset>

2044

</sect1>

2045

2046

<title>Windows Emulators</title>

2047

2048

2049

2050

<para>How do I install Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin) on Ubuntu?</para>

2051

</question>

2052

2053

2054

2055

<para>

2056

2057

</para>

2058

</listitem>

2059

</orderedlist>

2060

</answer>

2061

</qandaentry>

2062

2063

2064

<para>How do I install CrossOver Office?</para>

2065

</question>

2066

2067

2068

2069

<para>

2070

<ulink url="http://www.codeweavers.com">http://www.codeweavers.com</ulink>

2071

</para>

2072

</listitem>

2073

</orderedlist>

2074

</answer>

2075

</qandaentry>

2076

</qandaset>

2077

</sect1>

2078

</chapter>

2079

2080

<title id="hardware">Hardware</title>

2081

2082

2083

2084

<para>How do I install the 3D Nvidia video card driver?</para>

2085

</question>

2086

2087

2088

2089

2090

</listitem>

2091

2092

<para>Install the nvidia-glx and nvidia-settings packages with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

2093

<para>

2094

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Graphical (restricted) > nvidia-glx

2095

Miscellaneous - Graphical (restricted) > nvidia-settings</literallayout>

2096

</para>

2097

</listitem>

2098

2099

<para>

2100

2101

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup

2102

sudo nvidia-glx-config enable

2103

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/NVIDIA-Settings.desktop</screen>

2104

</para>

2105

</listitem>

2106

2107

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file <programlisting>

2108

[Desktop Entry]

2109

Name=NVIDIA Settings

2110

Comment=NVIDIA Settings

2111

Exec=nvidia-settings

2112

Icon=

2113

Terminal=false

2114

Type=Application

2115

Categories=Application;System;</programlisting></para>

2116

</listitem>

2117

2118

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/NVIDIA-Settings.desktop_installnvidiadriver"/>)</para>

2119

</listitem>

2120

2121

2122

</listitem>

2123

2124

<para>

2125

2126

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

2127

<guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu>

2128

<guimenuitem>NVIDIA Settings</guimenuitem>

2129

</menuchoice>

2130

</para>

2131

</listitem>

2132

</orderedlist>

2133

</answer>

2134

</qandaentry>

2135

2136

2137

<para>How do I disable the Nvidia graphics logo on startup?</para>

2138

</question>

2139

2140

2141

2142

2143

</listitem>

2144

2145

<para>

2146

2147

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup

2148

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen>

2149

</para>

2150

</listitem>

2151

2152

<para>Find this section</para>

2153

<para>

2154

2155

...

2156

Section "Device"

2157

Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV11 [GeForce2 MX/MX 400]"

2158

Driver "nvidia"

2159

BusID "PCI:1:0:0"

2160

...</programlisting>

2161

</para>

2162

</listitem>

2163

2164

<para>Add the following line below it</para>

2165

<para>

2166

2167

Option "NoLogo"</programlisting>

2168

</para>

2169

</listitem>

2170

2171

<para>Save the edited file ( <ulink url="sample/xorg.conf_disablenvidialogo"/>)</para>

2172

</listitem>

2173

2174

2175

</listitem>

2176

</orderedlist>

2177

</answer>

2178

</qandaentry>

2179

2180

2181

2182

<para>How do I install the 3D ATI video card driver?</para>

2183

</question>

2184

2185

2186

2187

<para>Install the xorg-driver-fglrx package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

2188

<para>

2189

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Graphical (restricted) > xorg-driver-fglrx</literallayout>

2190

</para>

2191

</listitem>

2192

2193

2194

echo fglrx | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

2195

sudo depmod -a ; sudo modprobe fglrx

2196

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup

2197

sudo sed -i -e 's/"ati"/"fglrx"/' /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen></para>

2198

</listitem>

2199

2200

<para>If you are using an NForce2-based motherboard you will also need to do the following:</para>

2201

2202

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

2203

</screen></para>

2204

<para>Change <quote>Section "Device"</quote> add the following line:</para>

2205

2206

Option "UseInternalAGPGART" "no"</screen></para>

2207

</listitem>

2208

2209

<para>Restart your machine for changes to take effect.</para>

2210

</listitem>

2211

</orderedlist>

2212

</answer>

2213

</qandaentry>

2214

2215

2216

<para>How do I identify a modem chipset?</para>

2217

</question>

2218

2219

2220

2221

<para>

2222

2223

wget -c <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/scanModem.gz">http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/scanModem.gz</ulink>

2224

gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem

2225

chmod +x scanModem

2226

sudo ./scanModem

2227

gedit Modem/ModemData.txt</screen>

2228

</para>

2229

</listitem>

2230

</orderedlist>

2231

</answer>

2232

</qandaentry>

2233

2234

2235

<para>How do I install Winmodem/Linmodem Drivers?</para>

2236

</question>

2237

2238

<para>

2239

<ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/">http://www.linmodems.org/</ulink>

2240

</para>

2241

</answer>

2242

</qandaentry>

2243

2244

2245

<para>How do I configure PalmOS devices?</para>

2246

</question>

2247

2248

2249

2250

<para>

2251

2252

sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/10-custom.rules</screen>

2253

</para>

2254

</listitem>

2255

2256

<para>Insert the following line into the new file</para>

2257

<para>

2258

2259

BUS="usb", SYSFS{product}="Palm Handheld*", KERNEL="ttyUSB*", NAME{ignore_remove}="pilot", MODE="666"</programlisting>

2260

</para>

2261

</listitem>

2262

2263

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/10-custom.rules_configurepalmosdevices"/>)</para>

2264

</listitem>

2265

2266

<para>

2267

2268

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2269

<guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu>

2270

<guimenuitem>PalmOS Devices</guimenuitem>

2271

</menuchoice>

2272

</para>

2273

</listitem>

2274

2275

<para>Follow the instructions on screen</para>

2276

</listitem>

2277

</orderedlist>

2278

</answer>

2279

</qandaentry>

2280

2281

2282

<para>How do I check disk space usage and view the partition table?</para>

2283

</question>

2284

2285

2286

2287

<para>Launch <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Disks</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

2288

</listitem>

2289

2290

<para>Select the <guibutton>Harddrive</guibutton>, then the <guibutton>Partitions</guibutton> tab</para>

2291

</listitem>

2292

2293

<para>Each partition will be listed under <guilabel>Partition List</guilabel>, with disk space and mount point.</para>

2294

</listitem>

2295

</orderedlist>

2296

</answer>

2297

</qandaentry>

2298

2299

2300

<para>How do I list mounted devices?</para>

2301

</question>

2302

2303

2304

2305

<para>

2306

<screen>mount</screen>

2307

</para>

2308

</listitem>

2309

</orderedlist>

2310

</answer>

2311

</qandaentry>

2312

2313

2314

<para>How do I list PCI devices?</para>

2315

</question>

2316

2317

2318

2319

<para>

2320

<screen>lspci</screen>

2321

</para>

2322

</listitem>

2323

</orderedlist>

2324

</answer>

2325

</qandaentry>

2326

2327

2328

<para>How do I list USB devices?</para>

2329

</question>

2330

2331

2332

2333

<para>

2334

<screen>lsusb</screen>

2335

</para>

2336

</listitem>

2337

</orderedlist>

2338

</answer>

2339

</qandaentry>

2340

2341

2342

<para>How do I speed up CD/DVD-ROM access (enable DMA)?</para>

2343

</question>

2344

2345

2346

2347

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/cdrom</filename> is the location of CD/DVD-ROM</para>

2348

</listitem>

2349

2350

<para>

2351

2352

sudo hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom

2353

sudo cp /etc/hdparm.conf /etc/hdparm.conf_backup

2354

sudo gedit /etc/hdparm.conf</screen>

2355

</para>

2356

</listitem>

2357

2358

<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>

2359

<para>

2360

2361

/dev/cdrom {

2362

dma = on

2363

}</programlisting>

2364

</para>

2365

</listitem>

2366

2367

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/hdparm.conf_speedupcddvdrom"/>)</para>

2368

</listitem>

2369

</orderedlist>

2370

</answer>

2371

</qandaentry>

2372

2373

2374

<para>How do I mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROMs manually, and show all hidden and associated files/folders?</para>

2375

</question>

2376

2377

2378

2379

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/media/cdrom0/</filename> is the location of CD/DVD-ROM</para>

2380

</listitem>

2381

2382

<para>To mount CD/DVD-ROM</para>

2383

<para>

2384

2385

sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide</screen>

2386

</para>

2387

</listitem>

2388

2389

<para>To unmount CD/DVD-ROM</para>

2390

<para>

2391

2392

sudo umount /media/cdrom0/</screen>

2393

</para>

2394

</listitem>

2395

</orderedlist>

2396

</answer>

2397

</qandaentry>

2398

2399

2400

<para>How do I forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROMs manually?</para>

2401

</question>

2402

2403

2404

2405

<para>

2406

2407

sudo eject</screen>

2408

</para>

2409

</listitem>

2410

</orderedlist>

2411

</answer>

2412

</qandaentry>

2413

2414

2415

<para>How do I remount /etc/fstab without rebooting?</para>

2416

</question>

2417

2418

2419

2420

<para>

2421

2422

sudo mount -a</screen>

2423

</para>

2424

</listitem>

2425

</orderedlist>

2426

</answer>

2427

</qandaentry>

2428

</qandaset>

2429

</chapter>

2430

2431

<title id="windows-partitions">Windows Partitions</title>

2432

2433

2434

2435

<para>How do I mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only?</para>

2436

</question>

2437

2438

<note>

2439

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda1</filename> is the location of the Windows partition (NTFS) and the local mount folder is: <filename class="directory">/media/windows </filename></para>

2440

</note>

2441

2442

2443

2444

</listitem>

2445

2446

<para>To mount Windows partition</para>

2447

<para>

2448

2449

sudo mkdir /media/windows

2450

sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t ntfs -o umask=0222</screen>

2451

</para>

2452

</listitem>

2453

2454

<para>To unmount Windows partition</para>

2455

<para>

2456

2457

sudo umount /media/windows/</screen>

2458

</para>

2459

</listitem>

2460

</orderedlist>

2461

</answer>

2462

</qandaentry>

2463

2464

2465

<para>How do I mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write?</para>

2466

</question>

2467

2468

<note>

2469

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda1</filename> is the location of the Windows partition (FAT) and the local mount folder is: <filename class="directory">/media/windows </filename></para>

2470

</note>

2471

2472

2473

2474

</listitem>

2475

2476

<para>To mount Windows partition</para>

2477

<para>

2478

2479

sudo mkdir /media/windows

2480

sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t vfat -o umask=000</screen>

2481

</para>

2482

</listitem>

2483

2484

<para>To unmount Windows partition</para>

2485

<para>

2486

2487

sudo umount /media/windows/</screen>

2488

</para>

2489

</listitem>

2490

</orderedlist>

2491

</answer>

2492

</qandaentry>

2493

2494

2495

<para>How do I mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only?</para>

2496

</question>

2497

2498

<note>

2499

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda1</filename> is the location of the Windows partition (NTFS) and the local mount folder is: <filename class="directory">/media/windows </filename></para>

2500

</note>

2501

2502

2503

2504

</listitem>

2505

2506

<para>

2507

2508

sudo mkdir /media/windows

2509

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup

2510

sudo gedit /etc/fstab</screen>

2511

</para>

2512

</listitem>

2513

2514

<para>Append the following line at the end of file <programlisting>/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs umask=0222 0 0</programlisting></para>

2515

</listitem>

2516

2517

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/fstab_automountntfs"/>)</para>

2518

</listitem>

2519

2520

2521

</listitem>

2522

</orderedlist>

2523

</answer>

2524

</qandaentry>

2525

2526

2527

<para>How do I mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write?</para>

2528

</question>

2529

2530

<note>

2531

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda1</filename> is the location of the Windows partition (FAT) and the local mount folder is: <filename class="directory">/media/windows </filename></para>

2532

</note>

2533

2534

2535

2536

</listitem>

2537

2538

<para>

2539

2540

sudo mkdir /media/windows

2541

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup

2542

sudo gedit /etc/fstab</screen>

2543

</para>

2544

</listitem>

2545

2546

<para>Append the following line at the end of file</para>

2547

<para>

2548

2549

/dev/hda1 /media/windows vfat umask=000 0 0</programlisting>

2550

</para>

2551

</listitem>

2552

2553

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/fstab_automountfat"/>)</para>

2554

</listitem>

2555

2556

2557

</listitem>

2558

</orderedlist>

2559

</answer>

2560

</qandaentry>

2561

</qandaset>

2562

</chapter>

2563

2564

<title id="users-administration">Users Administration</title>

2565

2566

2567

2568

2569

</question>

2570

2571

<note>

2572

<para>The root account is disabled in Ubuntu for security reasons.</para>

2573

</note>

2574

2575

2576

<para>All the default configuration tools in Ubuntu already use sudo, so they will prompt you for your password if needed.</para>

2577

</listitem>

2578

2579

<para>To run other applications with sudo:</para>

2580

<para>

2581

2582

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

2583

<guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu>

2584

<guimenuitem>Run as different user</guimenuitem>

2585

</menuchoice>

2586

</para>

2587

</listitem>

2588

2589

<para>In the Run program dialog box, type the command you wish to run in the <application>Run:</application> editbox. In the <application>As user:</application> list choose <quote>root</quote>, then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>

2590

</listitem>

2591

2592

<para>You will be asked to enter your password (for your user account, not root). enter your password, then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>

2593

</listitem>

2594

</orderedlist>

2595

</answer>

2596

</qandaentry>

2597

2598

2599

<para>How do I set/change/enable root user password?</para>

2600

</question>

2601

2602

2603

2604

<para>

2605

2606

sudo passwd root</screen>

2607

</para>

2608

</listitem>

2609

</orderedlist>

2610

</answer>

2611

</qandaentry>

2612

2613

2614

<para>How do I disable root user account?</para>

2615

</question>

2616

2617

2618

2619

<para>

2620

2621

sudo passwd -l root</screen>

2622

</para>

2623

</listitem>

2624

</orderedlist>

2625

</answer>

2626

</qandaentry>

2627

2628

2629

<para>How do I allow root user to login into GNOME?</para>

2630

</question>

2631

2632

2633

2634

2635

</listitem>

2636

2637

<para>

2638

2639

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2640

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2641

<guimenuitem>Login Screen Setup</guimenuitem>

2642

</menuchoice>

2643

</para>

2644

</listitem>

2645

2646

<para>Select the <guibutton>Security</guibutton> tab. Check the <guilabel>Allow root to login with GDM</guilabel> checkbox option.</para>

2647

</listitem>

2648

</orderedlist>

2649

</answer>

2650

</qandaentry>

2651

2652

2653

<para>How do I switch to root user in Terminal mode?</para>

2654

</question>

2655

2656

2657

2658

<para>

2659

2660

sudo -s -H Password: <specify user password></screen>

2661

</para>

2662

</listitem>

2663

</orderedlist>

2664

</answer>

2665

</qandaentry>

2666

2667

2668

<para>How do I add/edit/delete users?</para>

2669

</question>

2670

2671

2672

2673

<para>

2674

2675

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2676

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2677

<guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem>

2678

</menuchoice>

2679

</para>

2680

</listitem>

2681

2682

<para>Select the <guibutton>Users</guibutton> tab. Use the <guibutton>Add User ...</guibutton>, <guibutton>Properties</guibutton> or <guibutton>Delete</guibutton> buttons to add, edit, remove user accounts.</para>

2683

</listitem>

2684

</orderedlist>

2685

</answer>

2686

</qandaentry>

2687

2688

2689

<para>How do I add/edit/delete system groups?</para>

2690

</question>

2691

2692

2693

2694

<para>

2695

2696

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2697

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2698

<guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem>

2699

</menuchoice>

2700

</para>

2701

</listitem>

2702

2703

<para>Select the <guibutton>Groups</guibutton> tab. Use the <guibutton>Add Group ...</guibutton>, <guibutton>Properties</guibutton>, <guibutton>Delete</guibutton> buttons to add, edit or delete system groups.</para>

2704

</listitem>

2705

</orderedlist>

2706

</answer>

2707

</qandaentry>

2708

2709

2710

<para>How do I automatic login into GNOME (not secure)?</para>

2711

</question>

2712

2713

2714

2715

<para>

2716

2717

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2718

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2719

<guimenuitem>Login Screen Setup</guimenuitem>

2720

</menuchoice>

2721

</para>

2722

</listitem>

2723

2724

<para>Select the <guibutton>General</guibutton> tab. Check the <guilabel>Login a user automatically on first bootup</guilabel> checkbox option.</para>

2725

</listitem>

2726

</orderedlist>

2727

</answer>

2728

</qandaentry>

2729

2730

2731

<para>How do I allow more people to administer the computer?</para>

2732

</question>

2733

2734

2735

2736

<para>Launch <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

2737

</listitem>

2738

2739

<para>Select the user</para>

2740

</listitem>

2741

2742

<para>Click on <guibutton>Properties</guibutton></para>

2743

</listitem>

2744

2745

<para>Click on the <guibutton>User Privileges tab</guibutton></para>

2746

</listitem>

2747

2748

<para>Check the <guilabel>Executing System Administration Tasks</guilabel> checkbox</para>

2749

</listitem>

2750

</orderedlist>

2751

</answer>

2752

</qandaentry>

2753

2754

2755

<para>How do I use <quote>sudo</quote> without prompt for password (not secure)?</para>

2756

</question>

2757

2758

2759

2760

<para>

2761

2762

export EDITOR=vim &&

2763

sudo visudo</screen>

2764

</para>

2765

</listitem>

2766

2767

2768

<para>

2769

2770

...

2771

system_username ALL=(ALL) ALL

2772

...</programlisting>

2773

</para>

2774

</listitem>

2775

2776

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

2777

<para>

2778

2779

system_username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL</programlisting>

2780

</para>

2781

</listitem>

2782

2783

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/sudoers_usesudowithoutpasswordprompt"/>)</para>

2784

</listitem>

2785

</orderedlist>

2786

</answer>

2787

</qandaentry>

2788

2789

2790

<para>How do I explicitly destroy the <quote>sudo</quote> session?</para>

2791

</question>

2792

2793

2794

2795

<para>

2796

2797

sudo -K</screen>

2798

</para>

2799

</listitem>

2800

</orderedlist>

2801

</answer>

2802

</qandaentry>

2803

2804

2805

<para>How do I change files/folders permissions?</para>

2806

</question>

2807

2808

2809

2810

<para>Right click the file or folder. Select the <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem> option. Select the <guibutton>Permissions</guibutton> tab. For the <guilabel>Owner</guilabel>, <guilabel>Group</guilabel> and <guilabel>Others</guilabel> check/uncheck the <option>Read</option>, <option>Write</option>, <option>Execute</option> options to set or unset permissions.</para>

2811

</listitem>

2812

</orderedlist>

2813

</answer>

2814

</qandaentry>

2815

2816

2817

<para>How do I change files/folders ownership?</para>

2818

</question>

2819

2820

2821

2822

<para>

2823

2824

sudo chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders</screen>

2825

</para>

2826

</listitem>

2827

</orderedlist>

2828

</answer>

2829

</qandaentry>

2830

2831

2832

<para>How do I change files/folders group ownership?</para>

2833

</question>

2834

2835

2836

2837

<para>

2838

2839

sudo chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders</screen>

2840

</para>

2841

</listitem>

2842

</orderedlist>

2843

</answer>

2844

</qandaentry>

2845

</qandaset>

2846

</chapter>

2847

2848

<title id="networking">Networking</title>

2849

2850

2851

2852

<para>How do I configure network connections?</para>

2853

</question>

2854

2855

2856

2857

2858

<para>

2859

2860

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2861

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2862

<guimenuitem>Networking</guimenuitem>

2863

</menuchoice>

2864

</para>

2865

</listitem>

2866

2867

<para>Select the <guibutton>Connections</guibutton> tab. select the <option>Ethernet connection</option> interface from the list, then click the <guibutton>Properties</guibutton> button. Ensure that the <guibutton>This device is configured</guibutton> is checked. From the <guibutton>Configuration</guibutton> drop-list select <option>DHCP/Static IP address</option>, then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>

2868

</listitem>

2869

2870

<para>Select the <guibutton>DNS</guibutton> tab add or delete DNS Servers in the <guilabel>DNS Servers</guilabel> list.</para>

2871

</listitem>

2872

</orderedlist>

2873

</answer>

2874

</qandaentry>

2875

2876

2877

<para>How do I activate/deactivate network connections?</para>

2878

</question>

2879

2880

2881

2882

<para>

2883

2884

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2885

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2886

<guimenuitem>Networking</guimenuitem>

2887

</menuchoice>

2888

</para>

2889

</listitem>

2890

2891

<para>Select <menuchoice><guimenuitem>Network settings</guimenuitem><interface>Connections Tab</interface><guilabel>Ethernet connection</guilabel></menuchoice><option>Activate/Deactivate</option></para>

2892

</listitem>

2893

</orderedlist>

2894

</answer>

2895

</qandaentry>

2896

2897

2898

<para>How do I change computer name?</para>

2899

</question>

2900

2901

2902

2903

<para>

2904

2905

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

2906

<guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>

2907

<guimenuitem>Networking</guimenuitem>

2908

</menuchoice>

2909

</para>

2910

</listitem>

2911

2912

<para>Select the <guibutton>General</guibutton> tab. Enter the name of the computer in the <guilabel>Hostname</guilabel> field.</para>

2913

</listitem>

2914

2915

<para>Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>, close all open applications and reboot.</para>

2916

</listitem>

2917

</orderedlist>

2918

</answer>

2919

</qandaentry>

2920

2921

2922

<para>How do I browse network computers?</para>

2923

</question>

2924

2925

<note>

2926

<para>Assuming that network connections have been configured properly. See <xref linkend="confignetwork"/> for more information.</para>

2927

</note>

2928

2929

2930

<para>This screen lists all network servers and Samba servers, if computers, network folders or Sambas servers could not be found, try to access them directly.</para>

2931

<para>

2932

2933

<guimenu>Places</guimenu>

2934

<guimenuitem>Network Servers</guimenuitem>

2935

</menuchoice>

2936

</para>

2937

</listitem>

2938

</orderedlist>

2939

</answer>

2940

</qandaentry>

2941

2942

2943

<para>How do I use the DynDNS service?</para>

2944

</question>

2945

2946

2947

2948

<para>Before beginning, ensure that your internet connection has been configured properly.</para>

2949

</listitem>

2950

2951

2952

</listitem>

2953

2954

<para>Register free Dynamic DNS at <ulink url="http://www.dyndns.org">http://www.dyndns.org</ulink>.</para>

2955

</listitem>

2956

2957

<para>Install the ipcheck package with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

2958

<para>

2959

<literallayout>Networking (universe) > ipcheck

2960

</literallayout>

2961

</para>

2962

</listitem>

2963

2964

<para>

2965

2966

sudo gedit /root/dyndns_update.sh</screen>

2967

</para>

2968

</listitem>

2969

2970

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file</para>

2971

<para>

2972

2973

USERNAME=myusername

2974

PASSWORD=mypassword

2975

HOSTNAME=myhostname.dyndns.org

2976

cd /root/

2977

if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then

2978

ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME

2979

else

2980

ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME

2981

fi</programlisting>

2982

</para>

2983

</listitem>

2984

2985

<para>Save the edited file</para>

2986

</listitem>

2987

2988

<para>

2989

2990

sudo chmod 700 /root/dyndns_update.sh

2991

sudo sh /root/dyndns_update.sh

2992

export EDITOR=gedit && sudo crontab -e</screen>

2993

</para>

2994

</listitem>

2995

2996

<para>Append the following line at the end of file to refresh your IP in the DynDNS Database/DNS every hour. The ***** format equals minute, hour, date, month and year respectively.</para>

2997

<para>

2998

2999

00 * * * * sudo sh /root/dyndns_update.sh</screen>

3000

</para>

3001

</listitem>

3002

3003

<para>Save the edited file</para>

3004

</listitem>

3005

</orderedlist>

3006

</answer>

3007

</qandaentry>

3008

3009

3010

<para>How do I use Ethernet over Firewire?</para>

3011

</question>

3012

3013

3014

<para>Enabling Ethernet over Firewire involves recompiling your kernel, which can seriously break your system. For more information, see <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/KernelCompileHowto"/>.</para>

3015

</warning>

3016

3017

3018

<para>You need to compile a kernel including the following (NOT as modules):</para>

3019

3020

3021

3022

</listitem>

3023

3024

<para>Reboot your PC</para>

3025

</listitem>

3026

3027

<para>Your firewire ethernet connection should be listed under System-> Administration-> Networking, or you can use <application>ifconfig</application> to list your network devices</para>

3028

</listitem>

3029

3030

<para>See <ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/EthernetOverFirewire"/> for more information.</para>

3031

</listitem>

3032

</orderedlist>

3033

</answer>

3034

</qandaentry>

3035

</qandaset>

3036

3037

3038

3039

<title id="samba-server">Samba Server</title>

3040

3041

3042

3043

<para>What is Samba?</para>

3044

</question>

3045

3046

<para>Samba is a networking tool that enables Linux to participate in Windows networks. There are two parts to Samba, one being the server which shares out files and printers for other PC's to use, and the other being the client utilities, which allow Linux to access files and printers on other Windows/Samba PCs.</para>

3047

</answer>

3048

</qandaentry>

3049

3050

3051

<para>How do I install Samba?</para>

3052

</question>

3053

3054

3055

3056

3057

</listitem>

3058

3059

<para>Install the samba and smbfs packages with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3060

<para>

3061

<literallayout>Networking > samba

3062

Cross Platform > smbfs</literallayout>

3063

</para>

3064

</listitem>

3065

</orderedlist>

3066

</answer>

3067

</qandaentry>

3068

3069

3070

<para>How do I add/edit/delete network users when using authentication?</para>

3071

</question>

3072

3073

3074

3075

3076

</listitem>

3077

3078

<para>To add network user</para>

3079

3080

3081

3082

</listitem>

3083

3084

<para>

3085

3086

smbpasswd -a system_username

3087

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smbusers</screen>

3088

</para>

3089

</listitem>

3090

3091

<para>Insert the following line into the new file</para>

3092

3093

system_username = "network username"</programlisting>

3094

</listitem>

3095

3096

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/smbusers_addeditdeletenetworkusers"/>)</para>

3097

</listitem>

3098

</orderedlist>

3099

</listitem>

3100

3101

<para>To edit network user</para>

3102

3103

sudo smbpasswd -a system_username</screen>

3104

</listitem>

3105

3106

<para>To delete network user</para>

3107

3108

sudo smbpasswd -x system_username</screen>

3109

</listitem>

3110

</orderedlist>

3111

</answer>

3112

</qandaentry>

3113

3114

3115

<para>How do I share home folders with read only permission?</para>

3116

</question>

3117

3118

3119

3120

3121

</listitem>

3122

3123

<para>

3124

3125

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3126

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3127

</para>

3128

</listitem>

3129

3130

3131

3132

...

3133

; security = user

3134

...</programlisting>

3135

</listitem>

3136

3137

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3138

3139

security = user username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3140

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3141

3142

security = share</programlisting>

3143

</listitem>

3144

3145

<para>Save the edited file ( <ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharehomefoldersreadsecurityuser"/>)</para>

3146

</listitem>

3147

3148

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3149

</listitem>

3150

3151

<para>

3152

3153

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3154

</para>

3155

</listitem>

3156

</orderedlist>

3157

</answer>

3158

</qandaentry>

3159

3160

3161

<para>How do I share home folders with read/write permission?</para>

3162

</question>

3163

3164

3165

3166

3167

</listitem>

3168

3169

<para>

3170

3171

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3172

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3173

</para>

3174

</listitem>

3175

3176

3177

3178

...

3179

; security = user

3180

...</programlisting>

3181

</listitem>

3182

3183

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3184

3185

security = user

3186

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3187

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3188

3189

security = share</programlisting>

3190

</listitem>

3191

3192

<para>Find this section</para>

3193

3194

...

3195

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next

3196

# parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.

3197

writable = no

3198

...</programlisting>

3199

</listitem>

3200

3201

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3202

3203

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next

3204

# parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.

3205

writable = yes</programlisting>

3206

</listitem>

3207

3208

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharehomefoldersreadwritesecurityuser"/>)</para>

3209

</listitem>

3210

3211

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3212

</listitem>

3213

3214

<para>

3215

3216

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3217

</para>

3218

</listitem>

3219

</orderedlist>

3220

</answer>

3221

</qandaentry>

3222

3223

3224

<para>How do I share a group folder with read only permission?</para>

3225

</question>

3226

3227

3228

3229

3230

</listitem>

3231

3232

<para>

3233

3234

sudo mkdir /home/group sudo chmod 777 /home/group/

3235

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3236

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3237

</para>

3238

</listitem>

3239

3240

3241

3242

...

3243

; security = user

3244

...</programlisting>

3245

</listitem>

3246

3247

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3248

3249

security = user

3250

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3251

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3252

3253

security = share</programlisting>

3254

</listitem>

3255

3256

<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>

3257

3258

[Group]

3259

comment = Group Folder

3260

path = /home/group

3261

public = yes

3262

writable = no

3263

valid users = system_username1 system_username2

3264

create mask = 0700

3265

directory mask = 0700

3266

force user = nobody

3267

force group = nogroup</programlisting>

3268

</listitem>

3269

3270

<para>Save the edited file ( <ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharegroupfoldersreadsecurityuser"/>)</para>

3271

</listitem>

3272

3273

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3274

</listitem>

3275

3276

<para>

3277

3278

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3279

</para>

3280

</listitem>

3281

</orderedlist>

3282

</answer>

3283

</qandaentry>

3284

3285

3286

<para>How do I share a group folder with read/write permission?</para>

3287

</question>

3288

3289

3290

3291

3292

</listitem>

3293

3294

<para>

3295

3296

sudo mkdir /home/group sudo chmod 777 /home/group/

3297

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3298

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3299

</para>

3300

</listitem>

3301

3302

3303

3304

...

3305

; security = user

3306

...</programlisting>

3307

</listitem>

3308

3309

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3310

3311

security = user

3312

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3313

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3314

3315

security = share</programlisting>

3316

</listitem>

3317

3318

<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>

3319

3320

[Group]

3321

comment = Group Folder

3322

path = /home/group

3323

public = yes

3324

writable = yes

3325

valid users = system_username1 system_username2

3326

create mask = 0700

3327

directory mask = 0700

3328

force user = nobody

3329

force group = nogroup</programlisting>

3330

</listitem>

3331

3332

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharegroupfoldersreadwritesecurityuser"/>)</para>

3333

</listitem>

3334

3335

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3336

</listitem>

3337

3338

<para>

3339

3340

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3341

</para>

3342

</listitem>

3343

</orderedlist>

3344

</answer>

3345

</qandaentry>

3346

3347

3348

<para>How do I share public folders with read only permission?</para>

3349

</question>

3350

3351

3352

3353

3354

</listitem>

3355

3356

<para>

3357

3358

sudo mkdir /home/public

3359

sudo chmod 777 /home/public/

3360

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3361

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3362

</para>

3363

</listitem>

3364

3365

3366

3367

...

3368

; security = user

3369

...</programlisting>

3370

</listitem>

3371

3372

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3373

3374

security = user

3375

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3376

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3377

3378

security = share</programlisting>

3379

</listitem>

3380

3381

<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>

3382

3383

[public]

3384

comment = Public Folder

3385

path = /home/public

3386

public = yes

3387

writable = no

3388

create mask = 0777

3389

directory mask = 0777

3390

force user = nobody

3391

force group = nogroup</screen>

3392

</listitem>

3393

3394

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharepublicfoldersreadsecurityuser"/>)</para>

3395

</listitem>

3396

3397

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3398

</listitem>

3399

3400

<para>

3401

3402

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3403

</para>

3404

</listitem>

3405

</orderedlist>

3406

</answer>

3407

</qandaentry>

3408

3409

3410

<para>How do I share public folders with read/write permission?</para>

3411

</question>

3412

3413

3414

3415

3416

</listitem>

3417

3418

<para>

3419

3420

sudo mkdir /home/public

3421

sudo chmod 777 /home/public/

3422

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup

3423

sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf</screen>

3424

</para>

3425

</listitem>

3426

3427

3428

3429

3430

security = user

3431

</programlisting>

3432

</listitem>

3433

3434

<para>Replace with the following lines to use authentication</para>

3435

3436

security = user

3437

username map = /etc/samba/smbusers</programlisting>

3438

<para>Alternatively replace with the following line to skip authentication</para>

3439

3440

security = share

3441

</programlisting>

3442

</listitem>

3443

3444

3445

<para>Append the following lines at the end of file</para>

3446

3447

[public]

3448

comment = Public Folder

3449

path = /home/public

3450

public = yes

3451

writable = yes

3452

create mask = 0777

3453

directory mask = 0777

3454

force user = nobody

3455

force group = nogroup</programlisting>

3456

</listitem>

3457

3458

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/smb.conf_sharepublicfoldersreadwritesecurityuser"/>)</para>

3459

</listitem>

3460

3461

<para>If using authentication read <xref linkend="addeditdeletenetworkusers"/></para>

3462

</listitem>

3463

3464

<para>

3465

3466

sudo testparm sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart</screen>

3467

</para>

3468

</listitem>

3469

</orderedlist>

3470

</answer>

3471

</qandaentry>

3472

</qandaset>

3473

</sect1>

3474

3475

<title id="antivirus-server">AntiVirus Server</title>

3476

3477

3478

3479

<para>What is Clam AntiVirus (ClamAV) Server?</para>

3480

</question>

3481

3482

<para>Clam AntiVirus (ClamAV) is an anti-virus toolkit for Unix/Linux operating systems. Typically ClamAV is intergrated with email servers and can also be used to scan individual files. Linux rarely suffers from viruses and other nasties that infect other operating systems, so most likely you don't need to install ClamAV.</para>

3483

</answer>

3484

</qandaentry>

3485

3486

3487

<para>How do I install ClamAV AntiVirus Server?</para>

3488

</question>

3489

3490

3491

3492

3493

</listitem>

3494

3495

<para>Install the clamav package with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3496

<para>

3497

<literallayout>Utilities (universe) > clamav</literallayout>

3498

</para>

3499

</listitem>

3500

</orderedlist>

3501

</answer>

3502

</qandaentry>

3503

3504

3505

<para>How do I manually update the virus databases?</para>

3506

</question>

3507

3508

3509

3510

3511

</listitem>

3512

3513

<para>

3514

3515

sudo freshclam</screen>

3516

</para>

3517

</listitem>

3518

</orderedlist>

3519

</answer>

3520

</qandaentry>

3521

3522

3523

<para>How do I manually scan files/folders for viruses?</para>

3524

</question>

3525

3526

3527

3528

3529

</listitem>

3530

3531

<para>

3532

3533

sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders</screen>

3534

</para>

3535

</listitem>

3536

</orderedlist>

3537

</answer>

3538

</qandaentry>

3539

3540

3541

<para>How do I automatically scan files/folders for viruses?</para>

3542

</question>

3543

3544

3545

3546

3547

</listitem>

3548

3549

<para>

3550

3551

export EDITOR=vim &&

3552

sudo crontab -e</screen>

3553

</para>

3554

</listitem>

3555

3556

<para>The format <quote>* * * * *</quote> below refers to: minute hour date month year</para>

3557

<para>Append the following line at the end of file</para>

3558

3559

00 00 * * * sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders</programlisting>

3560

</listitem>

3561

3562

<para>Save the edited file</para>

3563

</listitem>

3564

</orderedlist>

3565

</answer>

3566

</qandaentry>

3567

</qandaset>

3568

</sect1>

3569

3570

<title id="ssh-server">SSH Server</title>

3571

3572

3573

3574

<para>What is a SSH Server?</para>

3575

</question>

3576

3577

<para>SSH is a secure, encrypted way to make connections to remote hosts or servers. A SSH server accepts connections from SSH aware clients and allows them to log into the system as if they are sitting right in front of it. You can run shell and X based programs remotely using SSH.</para>

3578

</answer>

3579

</qandaentry>

3580

3581

3582

<para>How do I install an SSH Server?</para>

3583

</question>

3584

3585

3586

3587

3588

</listitem>

3589

3590

<para>Install the ssh and openssh-server packages with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3591

<para>

3592

<literallayout>Networking > ssh

3593

Networking > openssh-server</literallayout>

3594

</para>

3595

</listitem>

3596

</orderedlist>

3597

</answer>

3598

</qandaentry>

3599

3600

3601

<para>How do I SSH into a remote Ubuntu machine?</para>

3602

</question>

3603

3604

<note>

3605

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>. Remote Ubuntu machine IP address:192.168.0.1</para>

3606

</note>

3607

3608

3609

<para>

3610

3611

ssh username@192.168.0.1</screen>

3612

</para>

3613

</listitem>

3614

</orderedlist>

3615

</answer>

3616

</qandaentry>

3617

3618

3619

<para>How do I copy files/folders from a remote Ubuntu machine into a local machine (scp)?</para>

3620

</question>

3621

3622

<note>

3623

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>. Remote Ubuntu machine IP address:192.168.0.1, Remote files/folders location: <filename>/home/username/remotefile.txt</filename> Local machine save location: . (current directory)</para>

3624

</note>

3625

3626

3627

<para>

3628

3629

scp -r username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .</screen>

3630

</para>

3631

</listitem>

3632

</orderedlist>

3633

</answer>

3634

</qandaentry>

3635

3636

3637

<para>How do I copy files/folders from a local machine into a remote Ubuntu machine (scp)?</para>

3638

</question>

3639

3640

<note>

3641

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>. Remote Ubuntu machine IP address:192.168.0.1, Local files/folders location: <filename>localfile.txt</filename> Remote Ubuntu save location: <filename>/home/username/</filename></para>

3642

</note>

3643

3644

3645

<para>

3646

3647

scp -r localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/</screen>

3648

</para>

3649

</listitem>

3650

</orderedlist>

3651

</answer>

3652

</qandaentry>

3653

3654

3655

<para>How do I copy files/folders from a remote Ubuntu machine into a local machine (rsync)?</para>

3656

</question>

3657

3658

<note>

3659

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>. Remote Ubuntu machine IP address:192.168.0.1, Remote files/folders location: <filename>/home/username/remotefile.txt</filename> Local machine save location: . (current directory)</para>

3660

</note>

3661

3662

3663

<para>

3664

3665

rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .</screen>

3666

</para>

3667

</listitem>

3668

</orderedlist>

3669

</answer>

3670

</qandaentry>

3671

3672

3673

<para>How do I copy files/folders from a local machine into a remote Ubuntu machine (rsync)?</para>

3674

</question>

3675

3676

<note>

3677

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>. Remote Ubuntu machine IP address:192.168.0.1, Remote save location: <filename>/home/username/</filename> Local file name: localfile.txt</para>

3678

</note>

3679

3680

3681

<para>

3682

3683

rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/</screen>

3684

</para>

3685

</listitem>

3686

</orderedlist>

3687

</answer>

3688

</qandaentry>

3689

3690

3691

<para>How do I SSH into a remote Ubuntu machine from a Windows machine?</para>

3692

</question>

3693

3694

<note>

3695

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>.</para>

3696

</note>

3697

3698

3699

<para>Download <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/putty.exe">PuTTY</ulink></para>

3700

</listitem>

3701

</orderedlist>

3702

</answer>

3703

</qandaentry>

3704

3705

3706

<para>How do I copy files/folders from/into a remote Ubuntu machine from a Windows machine?</para>

3707

</question>

3708

3709

<note>

3710

<para>Assuming that the remote Ubuntu machine has installed SSH Server service. Read <xref linkend="installssh"/>.</para>

3711

</note>

3712

3713

3714

<para>Download <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/winscp374setupintl.exe">WinSCP</ulink></para>

3715

</listitem>

3716

</orderedlist>

3717

</answer>

3718

</qandaentry>

3719

</qandaset>

3720

</sect1>

3721

3722

<title id="dhcp-server">DHCP Server</title>

3723

3724

3725

3726

<para>What is a DHCP Server?</para>

3727

</question>

3728

3729

<para>A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server dynamically assigns IP addresses and other network setting for a given network to other networked PCs that ask. This simplifies network administration and makes connecting new PCs to a network much easier.</para>

3730

</answer>

3731

</qandaentry>

3732

3733

3734

<para>How do I install a DHCP Server?</para>

3735

</question>

3736

3737

<note>

3738

<para>For these examples we are using <quote>eth0</quote> and the following:</para>

3739

<para>IP address range: 192.168.0.100 to 192.168.0.200</para>

3740

<para>Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0</para>

3741

<para>DNS Servers: 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5</para>

3742

<para>Domains: tm.net.my</para>

3743

<para>Gateway Address: 192.168.0.1</para>

3744

</note>

3745

3746

3747

3748

</listitem>

3749

3750

<para>Install the dhcp3-server package with <application>Synaptic</application>(See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3751

<para>

3752

<literallayout>Networking > dhcp3-server

3753

</literallayout>

3754

</para>

3755

</listitem>

3756

3757

<para>

3758

3759

sudo cp /etc/default/dhcp3-server /etc/default/dhcp3-server_backup

3760

sudo gedit /etc/default/dhcp3-server</screen>

3761

</para>

3762

</listitem>

3763

3764

3765

3766

... INTERFACES=""</programlisting>

3767

</listitem>

3768

3769

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

3770

3771

INTERFACES="eth0"</programlisting>

3772

</listitem>

3773

3774

<para>Save the edited file (<xref linkend="dhcp3-server_installdhcpserver"/>)</para>

3775

</listitem>

3776

3777

<para>

3778

3779

sudo cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf_backup

3780

sudo gedit /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</screen>

3781

</para>

3782

</listitem>

3783

3784

<para>Find this section</para>

3785

3786

...

3787

# option definitions common to all supported networks...

3788

option domain-name "example.org";

3789

option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

3790

3791

default-lease-time 600;

3792

max-lease-time 7200;

3793

...</programlisting>

3794

</listitem>

3795

3796

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3797

3798

# option definitions common to all supported networks...

3799

#option domain-name "example.org";

3800

#option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

3801

3802

#default-lease-time 600;

3803

#max-lease-time 7200;</programlisting>

3804

</listitem>

3805

3806

<para>Find this section <programlisting>

3807

...

3808

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

3809

#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

3810

# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;

3811

# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;

3812

# option domain-name "internal.example.org";

3813

# option routers 10.5.5.1;

3814

# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;

3815

# default-lease-time 600;

3816

# max-lease-time 7200;

3817

#}

3818

...</programlisting></para>

3819

</listitem>

3820

3821

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

3822

3823

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

3824

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

3825

range 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;

3826

option domain-name-servers 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5;

3827

option domain-name "tm.net.my";

3828

option routers 192.168.0.1;

3829

option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;

3830

default-lease-time 600;

3831

max-lease-time 7200;

3832

}</programlisting>

3833

</listitem>

3834

3835

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/dhcpd.conf_installdhcpserver"/>)</para>

3836

</listitem>

3837

3838

<para>

3839

3840

sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart</screen>

3841

</para>

3842

</listitem>

3843

</orderedlist>

3844

</answer>

3845

</qandaentry>

3846

</qandaset>

3847

</sect1>

3848

3849

<title id="database-server">MySQL Database Server</title>

3850

3851

3852

3853

<para>What is a MySQL Database Server?</para>

3854

</question>

3855

3856

<para>MySQL is a relational database management system that uses the Structured Query Language (SQL) to manage databases. A typical use for a MySQL Database server is the storage of information for the generation of dynamic webpages.</para>

3857

</answer>

3858

</qandaentry>

3859

3860

3861

<para>How do I install a MYSQL Database Server?</para>

3862

</question>

3863

3864

3865

3866

3867

</listitem>

3868

3869

<para>Install the mysql-server package with <application>Synaptic</application>(See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3870

<para>

3871

<literallayout>Miscellaneous - Text Based > mysql-server</literallayout>

3872

</para>

3873

</listitem>

3874

3875

<para>Next, set the MYSQL root password:</para><para>

3876

3877

mysqladmin -u root password db_user_password</screen>

3878

</para>

3879

</listitem>

3880

</orderedlist>

3881

</answer>

3882

</qandaentry>

3883

</qandaset>

3884

</sect1>

3885

3886

<title id="apache-http-server">Apache HTTP Server</title>

3887

3888

3889

3890

<para>What is the Apache HTTP server?</para>

3891

</question>

3892

3893

<para>Apache is the world's most popular web server. It runs on both Unix-like and Windows operating systems, conforms to web standards and can be extended with additional modules. Its claimed the name <quote>Apache</quote> came from the fact that it originally consisted of changes to the NCSA HTTPd v1.3 server and therefore was <quote>a patchy</quote> server.</para>

3894

</answer>

3895

</qandaentry>

3896

3897

3898

<para>How do I install the Apache HTTP Server?</para>

3899

</question>

3900

3901

3902

3903

3904

</listitem>

3905

3906

<para>Install the apache2 package with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3907

<para>

3908

<literallayout>World Wide Web > apache2</literallayout>

3909

</para>

3910

</listitem>

3911

3912

<para>

3913

<ulink url="http://localhost">http://localhost</ulink>

3914

</para>

3915

</listitem>

3916

</orderedlist>

3917

</answer>

3918

</qandaentry>

3919

3920

3921

<para>How do I install PHP for the Apache HTTP Server?</para>

3922

</question>

3923

3924

3925

3926

3927

</listitem>

3928

3929

3930

</listitem>

3931

3932

<para>Install the php4 package with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3933

<para>

3934

<literallayout>World Wide Web (universe) > php4</literallayout>

3935

</para>

3936

</listitem>

3937

3938

<para>

3939

3940

sudo gedit /var/www/testphp.php</screen>

3941

</para>

3942

</listitem>

3943

3944

<para>Insert the following line into the new file</para>

3945

3946

<?php phpinfo(); ?></programlisting>

3947

</listitem>

3948

3949

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/testphp.php_installphpapache"/>)</para>

3950

</listitem>

3951

3952

<para>

3953

<ulink url="http://localhost/testphp.php">http://localhost/testphp.php</ulink>

3954

</para>

3955

</listitem>

3956

</orderedlist>

3957

</answer>

3958

</qandaentry>

3959

3960

3961

<para>How do I install MYSQL for the Apache HTTP Server?</para>

3962

</question>

3963

3964

3965

3966

3967

</listitem>

3968

3969

3970

</listitem>

3971

3972

3973

</listitem>

3974

3975

3976

</listitem>

3977

3978

<para>Install the libapache2-mod-auth-mysql and php4-mysql packages with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

3979

<para>

3980

<literallayout>World Wide Web > libapache2-mod-auth-mysql

3981

World Wide Web (universe) > php4-mysql

3982

</literallayout>

3983

</para>

3984

</listitem>

3985

3986

<para>

3987

3988

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart</screen>

3989

</para>

3990

</listitem>

3991

</orderedlist>

3992

</answer>

3993

</qandaentry>

3994

3995

3996

<para>How do I map URLs to folders outside /var/www/?</para>

3997

</question>

3998

3999

4000

4001

4002

</listitem>

4003

4004

<para>

4005

4006

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/conf.d/alias</screen>

4007

</para>

4008

</listitem>

4009

4010

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file</para>

4011

4012

Alias /URL-path /location_of_folder/

4013

4014

<Directory /location_of_folder/%gt;

4015

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

4016

AllowOverride All

4017

Order allow,deny

4018

Allow from all

4019

</Directory></programlisting>

4020

</listitem>

4021

4022

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/alias_mapURLstofoldersoutsidewww"/>)</para>

4023

</listitem>

4024

4025

<para>

4026

4027

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart</screen>

4028

</para>

4029

</listitem>

4030

4031

<para>

4032

<ulink url="http://localhost/URL-path">http://localhost/URL-path</ulink>

4033

</para>

4034

</listitem>

4035

</orderedlist>

4036

</answer>

4037

</qandaentry>

4038

4039

4040

<para>How do I change the default port number for the Apache HTTP Server?</para>

4041

</question>

4042

4043

<note>

4044

<para>Assuming that the new port number is <quote>79</quote></para>

4045

</note>

4046

4047

4048

4049

</listitem>

4050

4051

<para>

4052

4053

sudo cp /etc/apache2/ports.conf /etc/apache2/ports.conf_backup

4054

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf</screen>

4055

</para>

4056

</listitem>

4057

4058

4059

4060

Listen 80</programlisting>

4061

</listitem>

4062

4063

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

4064

4065

Listen 79</programlisting>

4066

</listitem>

4067

4068

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/ports.conf_changeportnumberapache"/>)</para>

4069

</listitem>

4070

4071

<para>

4072

4073

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart</screen>

4074

</para>

4075

</listitem>

4076

4077

<para>

4078

<ulink url="http://localhost:79">http://localhost:79</ulink>

4079

</para>

4080

</listitem>

4081

</orderedlist>

4082

</answer>

4083

</qandaentry>

4084

4085

4086

<para>How do I browse the changed port number for the Apache HTTP Server in Mozilla Firefox?</para>

4087

</question>

4088

4089

<note>

4090

<para>Assuming that the new port number is <quote>79</quote></para>

4091

</note>

4092

4093

4094

4095

</listitem>

4096

4097

<para>

4098

4099

sudo cp /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/greprefs/all.js /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/greprefs/all.js_backup

4100

sudo gedit /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/greprefs/all.js</screen>

4101

</para>

4102

</listitem>

4103

4104

<para>Find this section</para>

4105

4106

...

4107

// If there is ever a security firedrill that requires

4108

// us to block certian ports global, this is the pref

4109

// to use. Is is a comma delimited list of port numbers

4110

// for example:

4111

// pref("network.security.ports.banned", "1,2,3,4,5");

4112

// prevents necko connecting to ports 1-5 unless the protocol

4113

// overrides.

4114

...</programlisting>

4115

</listitem>

4116

4117

<para>Add the following line below it</para>

4118

4119

pref("network.security.ports.banned.override", "79");

4120

</programlisting>

4121

</listitem>

4122

4123

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/all.js_browsechangedportnumberfirefox"/>)</para>

4124

</listitem>

4125

4126

<para>Restart Mozilla Firefox</para>

4127

</listitem>

4128

</orderedlist>

4129

</answer>

4130

</qandaentry>

4131

</qandaset>

4132

</sect1>

4133

4134

<title id="streaming-media-server">Streaming Media Server</title>

4135

4136

4137

4138

<para>How do I install GNUMP3d for the Streaming Media Server service?</para>

4139

</question>

4140

4141

<note>

4142

<para>Assuming that <filename>/var/music/</filename> is the directory containing multimedia files</para>

4143

</note>

4144

4145

4146

4147

</listitem>

4148

4149

4150

</listitem>

4151

4152

<para>Install the gnump3d package with <application>Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

4153

<para>

4154

<literallayout>Multimedia (universe) > gnump3d</literallayout>

4155

</para>

4156

</listitem>

4157

4158

<para>

4159

<ulink url="http://localhost:8888">http://localhost:8888</ulink>

4160

</para>

4161

</listitem>

4162

</orderedlist>

4163

</answer>

4164

</qandaentry>

4165

4166

4167

<para>How do I change the default directory containing multimedia files for GNUMP3d?</para>

4168

</question>

4169

4170

<note>

4171

<para>Assuming that the new directory containing multimedia files is <filename>/home/music/</filename></para>

4172

</note>

4173

4174

4175

4176

</listitem>

4177

4178

<para>

4179

4180

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup

4181

sudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf</screen>

4182

</para>

4183

</listitem>

4184

4185

4186

4187

root = /var/music</programlisting>

4188

</listitem>

4189

4190

<para>Replace with the following line <programlisting>

4191

root = /home/music</programlisting></para>

4192

</listitem>

4193

4194

4195

4196

user = gnump3d</programlisting>

4197

</listitem>

4198

4199

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

4200

4201

user = root</programlisting>

4202

</listitem>

4203

4204

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/gnump3d.conf_changedirectorymultimediagnump3d"/>)</para>

4205

</listitem>

4206

4207

<para>

4208

4209

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart</screen>

4210

</para>

4211

</listitem>

4212

4213

<para>

4214

<ulink url="http://localhost:8888">http://localhost:8888</ulink>

4215

</para>

4216

</listitem>

4217

</orderedlist>

4218

</answer>

4219

</qandaentry>

4220

4221

4222

<para>How do I change the default port number for GNUMP3d?</para>

4223

</question>

4224

4225

<note>

4226

<para>Assuming that the new port number is <quote>7979</quote></para>

4227

</note>

4228

4229

4230

4231

</listitem>

4232

4233

<para>Assuming that new port number is 7979</para>

4234

</listitem>

4235

4236

<para>

4237

4238

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup

4239

sudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf</screen>

4240

</para>

4241

</listitem>

4242

4243

4244

4245

port = 8888</programlisting>

4246

</listitem>

4247

4248

<para>Replace with the following line <screen> port = 7979</screen></para>

4249

</listitem>

4250

4251

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/gnump3d.conf_changeportnumbergnump3d"/>)</para>

4252

</listitem>

4253

4254

<para>

4255

4256

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart</screen>

4257

</para>

4258

</listitem>

4259

4260

<para>

4261

<ulink url="http://localhost:7979">http://localhost:7979</ulink>

4262

</para>

4263

</listitem>

4264

</orderedlist>

4265

</answer>

4266

</qandaentry>

4267

</qandaset>

4268

</sect1>

4269

</chapter>

4270

4271

<title id="rescuemode">Rescue Mode</title>

4272

4273

4274

4275

<para>How to gain root user access without login?</para>

4276

</question>

4277

4278

4279

4280

<para>Easiest method (will not work if GRUB menu password is set)</para>

4281

4282

4283

<para>Boot-up computer</para>

4284

</listitem>

4285

4286

<para>If GRUB menu is hidden, press <keycap>Esc</keycap> to enter the GRUB menu</para>

4287

</listitem>

4288

4289

<para>Select <option>Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.12-8-386 (recovery mode)</option></para>

4290

</listitem>

4291

4292

<para>Press <keycap>Enter</keycap> to boot</para>

4293

</listitem>

4294

</orderedlist>

4295

</listitem>

4296

4297

<para>Another method is described at <xref linkend="gainrootinstallcd"/></para>

4298

</listitem>

4299

</orderedlist>

4300

</answer>

4301

</qandaentry>

4302

4303

4304

<para>How to modify kernel boot-up arguments, to gain root user access?</para>

4305

</question>

4306

4307

4308

4309

<para>Boot-up computer</para>

4310

</listitem>

4311

4312

<para>If GRUB menu is hidden, press <keycap>Esc</keycap> to enter the GRUB menu</para>

4313

</listitem>

4314

4315

<para>If GRUB password is set, press <keycap>p</keycap> to unlock the GRUB menu</para>

4316

</listitem>

4317

4318

<para>Select <option>Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.12-8-386</option></para>

4319

</listitem>

4320

4321

<para>Press <keycap>e</keycap> to edit the commands before booting</para>

4322

</listitem>

4323

4324

<para>Select <option>kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.12-8-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash</option></para>

4325

</listitem>

4326

4327

<para>Press <keycap>e</keycap> to edit the selected command in the boot sequence</para>

4328

</listitem>

4329

4330

<para>Add <command>rw init=/bin/bash</command> to the end of the arguments</para>

4331

4332

grub edit> kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.12-8-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash rw init=/bin/bash</screen>

4333

</listitem>

4334

4335

<para>Press <keycap>b</keycap> to boot</para>

4336

</listitem>

4337

</orderedlist>

4338

</answer>

4339

</qandaentry>

4340

4341

4342

<para>How to use a Ubuntu installation CD to gain root user access?</para>

4343

</question>

4344

4345

4346

4347

<para>Boot-up computer into Ubuntu Installation CD</para>

4348

</listitem>

4349

4350

<para>At <quote>boot:</quote> prompt, add <quote>rescue</quote> to the argument</para>

4351

4352

boot: rescue</screen>

4353

</listitem>

4354

4355

<para>Follow the instructions on screen</para>

4356

</listitem>

4357

</orderedlist>

4358

</answer>

4359

</qandaentry>

4360

4361

4362

<para>How to change root user/main user password if forgotten?</para>

4363

</question>

4364

4365

4366

4367

4368

</listitem>

4369

4370

<para>To change root user password</para>

4371

4372

# passwd root</screen>

4373

</listitem>

4374

4375

<para>To change main user password</para>

4376

4377

# passwd system_main_username</screen>

4378

</listitem>

4379

</orderedlist>

4380

</answer>

4381

</qandaentry>

4382

4383

4384

<para>How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten?</para>

4385

</question>

4386

4387

4388

4389

<para>

4390

4391

grub

4392

4393

grub> md5crypt

4394

Password: ****** (ubuntu)

4395

Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)

4396

grub> quit

4397

4398

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup

4399

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>

4400

</para>

4401

</listitem>

4402

4403

4404

4405

...

4406

password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/

4407

...</programlisting>

4408

</listitem>

4409

4410

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

4411

4412

password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)

4413

</programlisting>

4414

</listitem>

4415

4416

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/menu.lst_changegrubpasswordforgotten"/>)</para>

4417

</listitem>

4418

</orderedlist>

4419

</answer>

4420

</qandaentry>

4421

4422

4423

<para>How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation?</para>

4424

</question>

4425

4426

4427

4428

4429

</listitem>

4430

4431

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda</filename> is the location of <filename class="partition">/boot</filename> partition</para>

4432

</listitem>

4433

4434

<para>

4435

4436

# grub-install /dev/hda</screen>

4437

</para>

4438

</listitem>

4439

</orderedlist>

4440

</answer>

4441

</qandaentry>

4442

4443

4444

<para>How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu?</para>

4445

</question>

4446

4447

4448

4449

<para>If you need to reinstall GRUB, read <xref linkend="listpartitiontables"/></para>

4450

</listitem>

4451

4452

<para>Launch <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Boot</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

4453

</listitem>

4454

4455

<para>Click on Add.</para>

4456

</listitem>

4457

4458

<para>Choose a name such as "Windows XP" and the OS type is unknown.</para>

4459

</listitem>

4460

4461

<para>Assuming that <filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda1</filename> is the location of Windows partition, choose that from the drop-down list</para>

4462

</listitem>

4463

</orderedlist>

4464

</answer>

4465

</qandaentry>

4466

4467

4468

<para>How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows?</para>

4469

</question>

4470

4471

4472

4473

<para>Download <ulink url="http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">Ext2fs</ulink></para>

4474

</listitem>

4475

</orderedlist>

4476

</answer>

4477

</qandaentry>

4478

</qandaset>

4479

</chapter>

4480

4481

<title id="tips-and-tricks">Tips & Tricks</title>

4482

4483

4484

4485

<para>How do I restart GNOME without rebooting the computer?</para>

4486

</question>

4487

4488

4489

4490

<para>Save and close all open applications.</para>

4491

</listitem>

4492

4493

<para>Use the <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo> shortcut keys to restart GNOME.</para>

4494

</listitem>

4495

4496

<para>If <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo> is disabled, type <screen>sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart</screen></para>

4497

<para>(See <xref linkend="disableCtrlAltBackspace"/> to disable <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo>.)</para>

4498

</listitem>

4499

</orderedlist>

4500

</answer>

4501

</qandaentry>

4502

4503

4504

<para>How do I automatically turn on <keycap>Num Lock</keycap> when GNOME starts?</para>

4505

</question>

4506

4507

4508

4509

<para>Make sure the universe repository is enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

4510

</listitem>

4511

4512

<para>Install the numlockx package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>) <literallayout>x11 (universe) > numlockx</literallayout></para>

4513

</listitem>

4514

4515

<para>Make a backup copy of your existing <filename>/etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default</filename> file. <screen>sudo cp /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default_backup</screen></para>

4516

</listitem>

4517

4518

<para>Open <filename>/etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default</filename> for editing. <screen>sudo gedit /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default</screen></para>

4519

</listitem>

4520

4521

<para>Find this line (It should be the last line in the file).</para>

4522

4523

<para/>

4524

</listitem>

4525

4526

<para>Add the following lines above the "exit 0" line.</para>

4527

4528

if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then

4529

/usr/bin/numlockx on

4530

fi

4531

</programlisting>

4532

</listitem>

4533

4534

<para>Save the edited file. (See <ulink url="sample/Default_numlockx"/> for an example.)</para>

4535

</listitem>

4536

</orderedlist>

4537

<para>The change will take effect the next time you log in to GNOME. If you want to test it right away, turn off Num Lock and restart GNOME (See <xref linkend="restartgnomewithoutreboot"/>)</para>

4538

</answer>

4539

</qandaentry>

4540

4541

4542

<para>How do I run programs automatically when GNOME starts?</para>

4543

</question>

4544

4545

4546

4547

<para>Choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Sessions</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

4548

</listitem>

4549

4550

<para>Click on the <guibutton>Startup Programs</guibutton> tab.</para>

4551

</listitem>

4552

4553

<para>Use the <guibutton>Add</guibutton>, <guibutton>Edit</guibutton>, and <guibutton>Delete</guibutton> buttons to manage programs to run at startup.</para>

4554

</listitem>

4555

</orderedlist>

4556

</answer>

4557

</qandaentry>

4558

4559

4560

<para>How do I switch to Console mode?</para>

4561

</question>

4562

4563

4564

4565

<para>Use the <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> shortcut keys to switch to the first console.</para>

4566

</listitem>

4567

4568

<para>To switch back to Desktop mode, use the <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo> shorcut keys.</para>

4569

</listitem>

4570

</orderedlist>

4571

<note>

4572

<para>There are six consoles available. Each one is accessible with the shortcut keys <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> to <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>.</para>

4573

</note>

4574

</answer>

4575

</qandaentry>

4576

4577

4578

<para>How do I disable the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace shortcut keys from restarting X?</para>

4579

</question>

4580

4581

4582

4583

<para>Make a backup copy of your existing <filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> file. <screen>sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup</screen></para>

4584

</listitem>

4585

4586

<para>Open <filename>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</filename> for editing. <screen>sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf</screen></para>

4587

</listitem>

4588

4589

<para>Add the following lines to the end of the file: <programlisting>Section "ServerFlags"

4590

Option "DontZap" "yes"

4591

EndSection</programlisting></para>

4592

</listitem>

4593

4594

<para>Save the edited file. (See <ulink url="sample/xorg.conf_disablectrlaltbackspacegnome"/> for an example.)</para>

4595

</listitem>

4596

4597

<para>The change will take effect the next time you log in to GNOME. If you want the change to take effect immediately, restart GNOME manually. (See <xref linkend="restartgnomewithoutreboot"/>)</para>

4598

</listitem>

4599

</orderedlist>

4600

</answer>

4601

</qandaentry>

4602

4603

4604

<para>How do I use spatial mode in <application>Nautilus</application>?</para>

4605

</question>

4606

4607

4608

4609

<para>In <application>Nautilus</application>, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu></menuchoice>.</para>

4610

</listitem>

4611

4612

<para>Click on the <guilabel>Behaviour</guilabel> tab.</para>

4613

</listitem>

4614

4615

<para>Unselect the <guilabel>Always open in browser windows</guilabel> check box.</para>

4616

</listitem>

4617

4618

<para>Close and reopen <application>Nautilus</application>.</para>

4619

</listitem>

4620

</orderedlist>

4621

</answer>

4622

</qandaentry>

4623

4624

4625

<para>How do I show hidden files and folders in <application><phrase os="gnome">Nautilus</phrase></application>?</para>

4626

</question>

4627

4628

4629

4630

<para os="gnome">In <application>Nautilus</application>, use the <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>H</keycap></keycombo> shortcut keys to toggle hidden files and folders on and off.</para>

4631

</listitem>

4632

4633

<para>To permanently show all hidden files and folders, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

4634

</listitem>

4635

4636

<para>Click on the <guilabel>Views</guilabel> tab.</para>

4637

</listitem>

4638

4639

<para>Select the <guilabel>Show hidden and backup files</guilabel> check box.</para>

4640

</listitem>

4641

</orderedlist>

4642

</answer>

4643

</qandaentry>

4644

4645

4646

<para>How can I browse files and folders as root user in <application><phrase os="gnome">Nautilus</phrase></application>?</para>

4647

</question>

4648

4649

4650

4651

<para>Start a new desktop configuration file in the <filename>/usr/share/applications</filename> directory. <screen>sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Nautilus-root.desktop</screen> A blank file called Nautilus-root.desktop opens in gedit.</para>

4652

</listitem>

4653

4654

<para>Add the following lines to the new file:</para>

4655

<programlisting>[Desktop Entry]

4656

Name=File Browser (Root)

4657

Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager

4658

Exec=gksudo "nautilus --browser %U"

4659

Icon=file-manager

4660

Terminal=false

4661

Type=Application

4662

Categories=Application;System;</programlisting>

4663

</listitem>

4664

4665

<para>Save the file and close <application>gedit</application>. (See <ulink url="sample/Nautilus-root.desktop_browsefilesfoldersasrootnautilus"/> for an example.)</para>

4666

</listitem>

4667

4668

<para>To start <application>Nautilus</application> as the root user, choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>File Browser (Root)</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

4669

</listitem>

4670

</orderedlist>

4671

</answer>

4672

</qandaentry>

4673

4674

4675

<para>How can I <phrase os="gnome">view</phrase> remote SSH, FTP, and SFTP servers using <phrase os="gnome">Nautilus</phrase>?</para>

4676

</question>

4677

4678

4679

4680

<para>Make sure the <application>Nautilus</application><guilabel>Location Bar</guilabel> is open. Toggle the bar on and off with <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guisubmenu>Location Bar</guisubmenu></menuchoice></para>

4681

</listitem>

4682

4683

<para>In the <guilabel>Location Bar</guilabel>, enter the following:</para>

4684

<para>For SSH, use: <screen><phrase os="gnome">ssh</phrase>://username@ssh.server.com</screen></para>

4685

<para>For FTP, use: <screen>ftp://username@ftp.server.com</screen></para>

4686

<para>For SFTP, use: <screen><phrase os="gnome">sftp</phrase>://username@sftp.server.com</screen></para>

4687

<para>Replace username with your username and replace everything after the @ symbol with the server's address. You will be prompted for a password if needed. If there is no username (anonymous) omit the username and the @ symbol.</para>

4688

<para>Alternatively, to specify your password manually, change one of the above like so: <screen>ftp://username:password@ftp.server.com</screen></para>

4689

</listitem>

4690

</orderedlist>

4691

</answer>

4692

</qandaentry>

4693

4694

4695

<para>How can I show the Computer, Home, and Trash desktop icons in GNOME?</para>

4696

</question>

4697

4698

4699

4700

4701

<para>Make sure the universe and multiverse repositories are enabled. (See <xref linkend="addinguniverse"/>)</para>

4702

</listitem>

4703

4704

<para>Install the gtweakui package with <application os="gnome">Synaptic</application> (See <xref linkend="synaptic-usage"/>)</para>

4705

<para>

4706

<literallayout>Gnome (universe) > gtweakui</literallayout>

4707

</para>

4708

</listitem>

4709

4710

<para>After <application>gTweakUI</application> is installed, choose <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>gTweakUI - Nautilus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

4711

</listitem>

4712

4713

<para>Select the <guilabel>Show computer icon</guilabel>, <guilabel>Show home icon</guilabel>, and <guilabel>Show trash icon</guilabel> check boxes. The changes take effect immediately.</para>

4714

</listitem>

4715

</orderedlist>

4716

</answer>

4717

</qandaentry>

4718

4719

4720

<para>How do I change the default file type "Open with" program?</para>

4721

</question>

4722

4723

4724

4725

<para>In <application>Nautilus</application>, right click on the file and choose <menuchoice><guimenu>Properties</guimenu></menuchoice> from the menu that appears. The <guilabel>Properties</guilabel> dialog opens.</para>

4726

</listitem>

4727

4728

<para>Click on the <guibutton>Open With</guibutton> tab. A list of applications appears.</para>

4729

</listitem>

4730

4731

<para>Select the default application you want for the file type. If the application is not on the list, use the <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button to add the application to the list.</para>

4732

</listitem>

4733

</orderedlist>

4734

</answer>

4735

</qandaentry>

4736

4737

4738

<para>How can I change my preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird?</para>

4739

</question>

4740

4741

4742

4743

<para>To install <application>Thunderbird</application>, see <xref linkend="thunderbird"/></para>

4744

</listitem>

4745

4746

<para>Choose <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Preferences</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Preferred Applications</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

4747

</listitem>

4748

4749

<para>Click on the <guibutton>Mail Reader</guibutton> tab, and select the <guilabel>Custom</guilabel> option.</para>

4750

</listitem>

4751

4752

<para>In the <guilabel>Command</guilabel> text box, type <userinput>

4753

<command>mozilla-thunderbird %s</command></userinput>, then close the dialog.</para>

4754

</listitem>

4755

</orderedlist>

4756

</answer>

4757

</qandaentry>

4758

4759

4760

<para>How do I open files as root user via right click?</para>

4761

</question>

4762

4763

4764

4765

<para>

4766

<screen>gedit $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root</screen>

4767

</para>

4768

</listitem>

4769

4770

<para>Insert the following lines into the new file</para>

4771

<programlisting>for uri in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS; do

4772

gnome-sudo "gnome-open $uri" &

4773

done</programlisting>

4774

</listitem>

4775

4776

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/Open-as-root_openfilesasrootviarightclick"/>)</para>

4777

</listitem>

4778

4779

<para>

4780

<screen>chmod +x $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root</screen>

4781

</para>

4782

</listitem>

4783

4784

<para>Right click on the file and <menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenuitem>Scripts</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Open as root</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

4785

</listitem>

4786

</orderedlist>

4787

</answer>

4788

</qandaentry>

4789

4790

4791

<para>How do I disable beep sound in Terminal mode?</para>

4792

</question>

4793

4794

4795

4796

<para>Start a <application os="gnome">Terminal</application> session, select: <phrase os="gnome"><menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Terminal</guimenuitem></menuchoice></phrase> from the desktop menu system.</para>

4797

</listitem>

4798

4799

<para><menuchoice os="gnome"><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Current Profile...</guimenuitem></menuchoice> .Select the <guibutton>General</guibutton> tab. Uncheck the <guilabel>Terminal bell</guilabel> checkbox.</para>

4800

</listitem>

4801

</orderedlist>

4802

</answer>

4803

</qandaentry>

4804

4805

4806

<para>How do I load Web site faster in Mozilla Firefox?</para>

4807

</question>

4808

4809

4810

4811

<para>

4812

4813

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

4814

<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>

4815

<guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem>

4816

</menuchoice>

4817

</para>

4818

</listitem>

4819

4820

<para>In the <interface>Navigation toolbar </interface> URL field enter <userinput>

4821

<command>about:config</command>

4822

</userinput>.</para>

4823

</listitem>

4824

4825

<para>Use the <guilabel>Filter</guilabel> field to change the following parameters:</para>

4826

4827

4828

<para><emphasis>network.dns.disableIPv6</emphasis> - Set the <option>Value</option> parameter to <option>true</option>.</para>

4829

</listitem>

4830

4831

<para><emphasis>network.http.pipelining</emphasis> - Set the <option>Value</option> parameter to <option>true</option>.</para>

4832

</listitem>

4833

4834

<para><emphasis>network.http.pipelining.maxrequests</emphasis> - Set the <option>Value</option> parameter to <option>8</option>.</para>

4835

</listitem>

4836

4837

<para><emphasis>network.http.proxy.pipelining</emphasis> - Set the <option>Value</option> parameter to <option>true</option>.</para>

4838

</listitem>

4839

</itemizedlist>

4840

</listitem>

4841

4842

<para>Restart Mozilla Firefox</para>

4843

</listitem>

4844

</orderedlist>

4845

</answer>

4846

</qandaentry>

4847

4848

4849

<para>How do I disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox?</para>

4850

</question>

4851

4852

4853

4854

<para>

4855

4856

<guimenu>Applications</guimenu>

4857

<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>

4858

<guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem>

4859

</menuchoice>

4860

</para>

4861

</listitem>

4862

4863

4864

<para>Mozilla Firefox <screen>Address Bar -> <emphasis role="bold">about:config</emphasis>

4865

Filter: -> <emphasis role="bold">accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound</emphasis> ->

4866

<emphasis role="bold">false</emphasis></screen></para>

4867

</listitem>

4868

4869

<para>Restart Mozilla Firefox</para>

4870

</listitem>

4871

</orderedlist>

4872

</answer>

4873

</qandaentry>

4874

4875

4876

<para>How do I restore the original icons for Mozilla Firefox?</para>

4877

</question>

4878

4879

4880

4881

<para>

4882

<screen>wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mozilla-firefox.png

4883

wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/document.png

4884

chmod 644 mozilla-firefox.png

4885

chmod 644 document.png

4886

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.png

4887

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.xpm

4888

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/default.xpm

4889

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/document.png

4890

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm

4891

sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.png

4892

sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-firefox.xpm

4893

sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/default.xpm

4894

sudo cp document.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/icons/document.png

4895

sudo cp mozilla-firefox.png /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm</screen>

4896

</para>

4897

</listitem>

4898

4899

4900

</listitem>

4901

</orderedlist>

4902

</answer>

4903

</qandaentry>

4904

4905

4906

<para>How do I restore the original icons for Mozilla Thunderbird?</para>

4907

</question>

4908

4909

4910

4911

<para>

4912

<screen>wget -c http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4913

chmod 644 mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4914

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4915

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-menu.xpm

4916

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-pm-menu.xpm

4917

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4918

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow16.xpm

4919

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow.xpm

4920

sudo dpkg-divert --rename /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm

4921

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4922

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-menu.xpm

4923

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/share/pixmaps/mozilla-thunderbird-pm-menu.xpm

4924

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/mozilla-thunderbird.xpm

4925

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow16.xpm

4926

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/messengerWindow.xpm

4927

sudo cp mozilla-thunderbird.xpm /usr/lib/mozilla-thunderbird/chrome/icons/default/default.xpm</screen>

4928

</para>

4929

</listitem>

4930

4931

4932

</listitem>

4933

</orderedlist>

4934

</answer>

4935

</qandaentry>

4936

4937

4938

<para>How do I install/uninstall .deb file?</para>

4939

</question>

4940

4941

4942

4943

<para>To install .deb file</para>

4944

<screen>sudo dpkg -i package_file.deb</screen>

4945

</listitem>

4946

4947

<para>To uninstall .deb file</para>

4948

<screen>sudo dpkg -r package_name</screen>

4949

</listitem>

4950

</orderedlist>

4951

</answer>

4952

</qandaentry>

4953

4954

4955

<para>How do I convert .rpm file to .deb file?</para>

4956

</question>

4957

4958

4959

4960

<para>

4961

<screen>sudo alien package_file.rpm</screen>

4962

</para>

4963

</listitem>

4964

</orderedlist>

4965

</answer>

4966

</qandaentry>

4967

4968

4969

<para>How do I rename all files in a directory at once?</para>

4970

</question>

4971

4972

4973

4974

<para>

4975

<screen>wget -c <ulink url="http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mvb_1.6.tgz">http://frankandjacq.com/ubuntuguide/mvb_1.6.tgz</ulink>

4976

sudo tar zxvf mvb_1.6.tgz -C /usr/

4977

sudo chown -R root:root /usr/mvb_1.6/

4978

sudo ln -fs /usr/mvb_1.6/mvb /usr/bin/mvb mvb -h</screen>

4979

</para>

4980

</listitem>

4981

</orderedlist>

4982

</answer>

4983

</qandaentry>

4984

4985

4986

<para>How do I set system-wide environment variables?</para>

4987

</question>

4988

4989

4990

4991

<para>

4992

<screen>sudo cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc_backup

4993

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc</screen>

4994

</para>

4995

</listitem>

4996

4997

<para>Append the System-wide Environment Variables at the end of file</para>

4998

</listitem>

4999

5000

<para>Save the edited file</para>

5001

</listitem>

5002

</orderedlist>

5003

</answer>

5004

</qandaentry>

5005

5006

5007

<para>How do I save <quote>man</quote> outputs into file?</para>

5008

</question>

5009

5010

5011

5012

<para>

5013

<screen>man command | col -b > file.txt</screen>

5014

</para>

5015

</listitem>

5016

</orderedlist>

5017

</answer>

5018

</qandaentry>

5019

5020

5021

<para>How do I generate MD5 checksum file?</para>

5022

</question>

5023

5024

5025

5026

<para>

5027

5028

</para>

5029

</listitem>

5030

</orderedlist>

5031

</answer>

5032

</qandaentry>

5033

5034

5035

<para>How do I check MD5 checksum of files?</para>

5036

</question>

5037

5038

5039

5040

<para>Assuming that <filename>file.iso</filename> and <filename>file.iso.md5</filename> are in the same folder.</para>

5041

</listitem>

5042

5043

<para>

5044

5045

</para>

5046

</listitem>

5047

</orderedlist>

5048

</answer>

5049

</qandaentry>

5050

5051

5052

<para>How do I mount/unmount Image (ISO) files without burning?</para>

5053

</question>

5054

5055

5056

5057

<para>To mount Image (ISO) file</para>

5058

<screen>sudo mkdir /media/iso

5059

sudo modprobe loop

5060

sudo mount file.iso /media/iso/ -t iso9660 -o loop</screen>

5061

</listitem>

5062

5063

<para>To unmount Image (ISO) file</para>

5064

<screen>sudo umount <filename>/media/iso/</filename></screen>

5065

</listitem>

5066

</orderedlist>

5067

</answer>

5068

</qandaentry>

5069

5070

5071

<para>How do I change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up?</para>

5072

</question>

5073

5074

5075

5076

<para>

5077

<screen>sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup

5078

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>

5079

</para>

5080

</listitem>

5081

5082

5083

<programlisting>...

5084

timeout 3

5085

...</programlisting>

5086

</listitem>

5087

5088

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

5089

<programlisting>timeout X_seconds</programlisting>

5090

</listitem>

5091

5092

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/menu.list_increasedecreasetimeoutgrub"/>)</para>

5093

</listitem>

5094

</orderedlist>

5095

</answer>

5096

</qandaentry>

5097

5098

5099

<para>How do I change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu?</para>

5100

</question>

5101

5102

5103

5104

<para>

5105

<screen>sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup

5106

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst</screen>

5107

</para>

5108

</listitem>

5109

5110

5111

<programlisting>...

5112

default 0

5113

...</programlisting>

5114

</listitem>

5115

5116

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

5117

<programlisting>default X_sequence</programlisting>

5118

</listitem>

5119

5120

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/menu.list_changedefaultosgrub"/>)</para>

5121

</listitem>

5122

</orderedlist>

5123

</answer>

5124

</qandaentry>

5125

5126

5127

<para>How do I temporary skip boot-up services?</para>

5128

</question>

5129

5130

5131

5132

<para>Press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>C</keycap></keycombo></para>

5133

</listitem>

5134

</orderedlist>

5135

</answer>

5136

</qandaentry>

5137

5138

5139

<para>How do I permanently disable/enable boot-up services?</para>

5140

</question>

5141

5142

5143

5144

<para>Run <application>Services Settings</application>: <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Services</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

5145

</listitem>

5146

5147

<para>Ubuntu will ask for your password, enter it.</para>

5148

</listitem>

5149

5150

<para>Tick/untick the services you want running, then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> when done.</para>

5151

</listitem>

5152

</orderedlist>

5153

</answer>

5154

</qandaentry>

5155

5156

5157

<para>How do I clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown?</para>

5158

</question>

5159

5160

5161

5162

<para>

5163

<screen>sudo cp /etc/init.d/sysklogd /etc/init.d/sysklogd_backup

5164

sudo gedit /etc/init.d/sysklogd</screen>

5165

</para>

5166

</listitem>

5167

5168

<para>Find this section</para>

5169

<programlisting>...

5170

stop)

5171

log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..."

5172

start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile $pidfile

5173

log_end_msg $?

5174

...</programlisting>

5175

</listitem>

5176

5177

<para>Add the following line below it</para>

5178

5179

</listitem>

5180

5181

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/sysklogd_cleantmpfoldershutdown"/>)</para>

5182

</listitem>

5183

</orderedlist>

5184

</answer>

5185

</qandaentry>

5186

</qandaset>

5187

</chapter>

5188

5189

<title id="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</title>

5190

5191

5192

5193

<para>Configuring network interfaces... (taking too long to load)</para>

5194

</question>

5195

5196

5197

5198

5199

</listitem>

5200

</orderedlist>

5201

</answer>

5202

</qandaentry>

5203

5204

5205

<para>Synchronizing clock to ntp.ubuntulinux.org... (taking too long to load)</para>

5206

</question>

5207

5208

5209

5210

5211

</listitem>

5212

5213

<para>Run <application>Services Settings</application>: <menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Services</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>

5214

</listitem>

5215

5216

<para>Uncheck <quote>Clock synchronization service (ntpdate)</quote> then click <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>

5217

</listitem>

5218

</orderedlist>

5219

</answer>

5220

</qandaentry>

5221

5222

5223

<para>How to disable system time/date from being reset to UTC (GMT)?</para>

5224

</question>

5225

5226

5227

5228

<para>

5229

<screen>sudo cp /etc/default/rcS /etc/default/rcS_backup

5230

sudo gedit /etc/default/rcS</screen>

5231

</para>

5232

</listitem>

5233

5234

5235

<programlisting>...

5236

UTC=yes

5237

...</programlisting>

5238

</listitem>

5239

5240

<para>Replace with the following line</para>

5241

5242

</listitem>

5243

5244

<para>Save the edited file (<ulink url="sample/rcS_disablesystemtimedateutc"/>)</para>

5245

</listitem>

5246

5247

5248

5249

<guimenu>System</guimenu>

5250

<guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem>

5251

5252

</menuchoice>

5253

</para>

5254

<para>Set the correct time/date</para>

5255

</listitem>

5256

5257

<para>

5258

<screen>sudo /etc/init.d/hwclock.sh restart</screen>

5259

</para>

5260

</listitem>

5261

</orderedlist>

5262

</answer>

5263

</qandaentry>

5264

5265

5266

<para>How to configure sound with Flash?</para>

5267

</question>

5268

5269

5270

5271

<para>

5272

<screen>sudo ln -fs /usr/lib/libesd.so.0 /usr/lib/libesd.so.1</screen>

5273

</para>

5274

</listitem>

5275

</orderedlist>

5276

</answer>

5277

</qandaentry>

5278

5279

5280

<para>How to forcefully empty Trash in Ubuntu?</para>

5281

</question>

5282

5283

5284

5285

<para>

5286

<screen>sudo rm -fr $HOME/.Trash/</screen>

5287

</para>

5288

</listitem>

5289

</orderedlist>

5290

</answer>

5291

</qandaentry>

5292

5293

5294

<para>How to remove duplicate menu/menu items in GNOME?</para>

5295

</question>

5296

5297

5298

5299

<para>Launch Smeg from <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Tools</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Smeg</guimenuitem></menuchoice></para>

5300

</listitem>

5301

5302

<para>Disable or remove each duplicate item as needed.</para>

5303

</listitem>

5304

</orderedlist>

5305

</answer>

5306

</qandaentry>

5307

5308

</qandaset>

5309

</chapter>

5310

5311

<title id="upgrading-ubuntu">Upgrading Ubuntu</title>

5312

5313

5314

5315

5316

<para>How to upgrade from Breezy Badger to Breezy Badger +1 (experimental)?</para>

5317

</question>

5318

5319

5320

<para>This is still in very early, highly unstable development stage. Only use it for experimental purposes. Doing this will most likely break your entire system!</para>

5321

</warning>

5322

5323

5324

<para>

5325

<screen>sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

5326

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list</screen>

5327

</para>

5328

</listitem>

5329

5330

<para>Find this section</para>

5331

5332

deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 5.04 _Breezy Badger_ - Release i386 (20050407)]/ breezy main restricted

5333

5334

5335

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch updated software from the network

5336

# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted

5337

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted

5338

5339

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch major bug fix updates produced

5340

## after the final release of the distribution.

5341

# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted

5342

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted

5343

5344

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'

5345

## repository.

5346

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu

5347

## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to

5348

## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in

5349

## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security

5350

## team.

5351

# deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe

5352

# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe

5353

5354

# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted

5355

# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted

5356

5357

# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe

5358

# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe

5359

</programlisting>

5360

</listitem>

5361

5362

<para>Replace with the following lines</para>

5363

5364

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 5.04 _Breezy Badger_ - Release i386 (20050407)]/ breezy main restricted

5365

5366

5367

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch updated software from the network

5368

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted

5369

deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted

5370

5371

## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch major bug fix updates produced

5372

## after the final release of the distribution.

5373

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted

5374

deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted

5375

5376

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'

5377

## repository.

5378

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu

5379

## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to

5380

## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in

5381

## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security

5382

## team.

5383

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe

5384

deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe

5385

5386

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted

5387

deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted

5388

5389

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe

5390

deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe

5391

5392

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy multiverse

5393

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy multiverse

5394

</programlisting>

5395

</listitem>

5396

5397

<para>Save the edited file</para>

5398

</listitem>

5399

5400

<para>

5401

<screen>sudo apt-get update

5402

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade</screen>

5403

</para>

5404

</listitem>

5405

5406

<para>Save and close all opened applications, Reboot computer.</para>

5407

</listitem>

5408

</orderedlist>

5409

</answer>

5410

</qandaentry>

5411

</qandaset>

5412

</chapter>

5413

<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="../../../common/C/ccbysa.xml"/>

5414

<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="../../../common/C/fdl.xml"/>

5415

<!-- &cc-by-sa;

5416

&fdl; -->

5417

</book>