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<title>mod_usertrack - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.2</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
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<div id="page-content">
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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_usertrack</h1>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_usertrack.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>
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<em>Clickstream</em> logging of user activity on a site
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module�Identifier:</a></th><td>usertrack_module</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source�File:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack.c</td></tr></table>
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<p>Previous releases of Apache have included a module which
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generates a 'clickstream' log of user activity on a site using
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cookies. This was called the "cookies" module, mod_cookies. In
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Apache 1.2 and later this module has been renamed the "user
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tracking" module, mod_usertrack. This module has been
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simplified and new directives added.</p>
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<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookiedomain">CookieDomain</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookieexpires">CookieExpires</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookiename">CookieName</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookiestyle">CookieStyle</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookietracking">CookieTracking</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#logging">Logging</a></li>
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<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cookiedate">2-digit or 4-digit dates for cookies?</a></li>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<h2><a name="logging" id="logging">Logging</a></h2>
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<p>Previously, the cookies module (now the user tracking
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module) did its own logging, using the <code class="directive">CookieLog</code>
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directive. In this release, this module does no logging at all.
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Instead, a configurable log format file should be used to log
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user click-streams. This is possible because the logging module
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now allows multiple log files. The cookie itself is logged by
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using the text <code>%{cookie}n</code> in the log file format. For
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<div class="example"><p><code>
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CustomLog logs/clickstream "%{cookie}n %r %t"
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<p>For backward compatibility the configurable log module
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implements the old <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#cookielog">CookieLog</a></code> directive, but this
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should be upgraded to the above <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> directive. </p>
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</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<h2><a name="cookiedate" id="cookiedate">2-digit or 4-digit dates for cookies?</a></h2>
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<p>(the following is from message
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<022701bda43d$9d32bbb0$1201a8c0@christian.office.sane.com>
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in the new-httpd archives) </p>
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From: "Christian Allen" <christian@sane.com>
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Subject: Re: Apache Y2K bug in mod_usertrack.c
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Date: Tue, 30 Jun 1998 11:41:56 -0400
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Did some work with cookies and dug up some info that might be useful.
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True, Netscape claims that the correct format NOW is four digit dates, and
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four digit dates do in fact work... for Netscape 4.x (Communicator), that
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is. However, 3.x and below do NOT accept them. It seems that Netscape
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originally had a 2-digit standard, and then with all of the Y2K hype and
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probably a few complaints, changed to a four digit date for Communicator.
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Fortunately, 4.x also understands the 2-digit format, and so the best way to
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ensure that your expiration date is legible to the client's browser is to
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However, this does not limit expiration dates to the year 2000; if you use
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an expiration year of "13", for example, it is interpreted as 2013, NOT
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1913! In fact, you can use an expiration year of up to "37", and it will be
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understood as "2037" by both MSIE and Netscape versions 3.x and up (not sure
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about versions previous to those). Not sure why Netscape used that
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particular year as its cut-off point, but my guess is that it was in respect
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to UNIX's 2038 problem. Netscape/MSIE 4.x seem to be able to understand
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2-digit years beyond that, at least until "50" for sure (I think they
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understand up until about "70", but not for sure).
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Summary: Mozilla 3.x and up understands two digit dates up until "37"
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(2037). Mozilla 4.x understands up until at least "50" (2050) in 2-digit
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form, but also understands 4-digit years, which can probably reach up until
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9999. Your best bet for sending a long-life cookie is to send it for some
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time late in the year "37".
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CookieDomain" id="CookieDomain">CookieDomain</a> <a name="cookiedomain" id="cookiedomain">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The domain to which the tracking cookie applies</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CookieDomain <em>domain</em></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack</td></tr>
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<p>This directive controls the setting of the domain to which
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the tracking cookie applies. If not present, no domain is
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included in the cookie header field.</p>
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<p>The domain string <strong>must</strong> begin with a dot, and
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<strong>must</strong> include at least one embedded dot. That is,
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<code>.foo.com</code> is legal, but <code>foo.bar.com</code> and
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<code>.com</code> are not.</p>
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<div class="note">Most browsers in use today will not allow cookies to be set
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for a two-part top level domain, such as <code>.co.uk</code>,
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although such a domain ostensibly fulfills the requirements
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These domains are equivalent to top level domains such as
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<code>.com</code>, and allowing such cookies may be a security
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risk. Thus, if you are under a two-part top level domain, you
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should still use your actual domain, as you would with any other top
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level domain (for example, use <code>.foo.co.uk</code>).
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CookieExpires" id="CookieExpires">CookieExpires</a> <a name="cookieexpires" id="cookieexpires">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Expiry time for the tracking cookie</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CookieExpires <em>expiry-period</em></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack</td></tr>
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<p>When used, this directive sets an expiry time on the cookie
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generated by the usertrack module. The <em>expiry-period</em>
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can be given either as a number of seconds, or in the format
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such as "2 weeks 3 days 7 hours". Valid denominations are:
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years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes and seconds. If the expiry
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time is in any format other than one number indicating the
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number of seconds, it must be enclosed by double quotes.</p>
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<p>If this directive is not used, cookies last only for the
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current browser session.</p>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CookieName" id="CookieName">CookieName</a> <a name="cookiename" id="cookiename">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Name of the tracking cookie</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CookieName <em>token</em></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>CookieName Apache</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack</td></tr>
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<p>This directive allows you to change the name of the cookie
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this module uses for its tracking purposes. By default the
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cookie is named "<code>Apache</code>".</p>
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<p>You must specify a valid cookie name; results are
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unpredictable if you use a name containing unusual characters.
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Valid characters include A-Z, a-z, 0-9, "_", and "-".</p>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CookieStyle" id="CookieStyle">CookieStyle</a> <a name="cookiestyle" id="cookiestyle">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Format of the cookie header field</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CookieStyle
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<em>Netscape|Cookie|Cookie2|RFC2109|RFC2965</em></code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>CookieStyle Netscape</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack</td></tr>
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<p>This directive controls the format of the cookie header
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field. The three formats allowed are:</p>
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<li><strong>Netscape</strong>, which is the original but now deprecated
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syntax. This is the default, and the syntax Apache has
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historically used.</li>
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<li><strong>Cookie</strong> or <strong>RFC2109</strong>, which is the syntax that
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superseded the Netscape syntax.</li>
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<li><strong>Cookie2</strong> or <strong>RFC2965</strong>, which is the most
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current cookie syntax.</li>
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<p>Not all clients can understand all of these formats. but you
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should use the newest one that is generally acceptable to your
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users' browsers. At the time of writing, most browsers only fully
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support <code>CookieStyle Netscape</code>.</p>
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<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CookieTracking" id="CookieTracking">CookieTracking</a> <a name="cookietracking" id="cookietracking">Directive</a></h2>
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<table class="directive">
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enables tracking cookie</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CookieTracking on|off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>CookieTracking off</code></td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
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<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_usertrack</td></tr>
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<p>When <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_usertrack.html">mod_usertrack</a></code> is loaded, and
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<code>CookieTracking on</code> is set, Apache will send a
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user-tracking cookie for all new requests. This directive can
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be used to turn this behavior on or off on a per-server or
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per-directory basis. By default, enabling
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<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_usertrack.html">mod_usertrack</a></code> will <strong>not</strong>
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activate cookies. </p>
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<div class="bottomlang">
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_usertrack.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
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</div><div id="footer">
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<p class="apache">Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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