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originally by Nikos Drakos (nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk), CBLU, University of Leeds
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<TITLE>6. Architectural View Editors</TITLE>
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<B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html964"
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HREF="usersguidenode9.html">7. Table Editing</A>
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HREF="User.html">Toolkit for Conceptual Modeling</A>
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HREF="usersguidenode7.html">5. Behavior View Editors</A>
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<!--Table of Child-Links-->
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<A NAME="CHILD_LINKS"><strong>Subsections</strong></A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html965"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00810000000000000000">6.1 The Data Flow Diagram Editor (TDFD)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html966"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00811000000000000000">6.1.1 Main window</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html967"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00812000000000000000">6.1.2 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html968"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00813000000000000000">6.1.3 Data Flow Diagram Levels and Indexes</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html969"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00814000000000000000">6.1.4 Minispecs</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html970"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00815000000000000000">6.1.5 Splitting and Merging Flows</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html971"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00816000000000000000">6.1.6 Constraint Checking</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html972"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00820000000000000000">6.2 The Data and Event Flow Diagram Editor (TEFD)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html973"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00821000000000000000">6.2.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html974"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00822000000000000000">6.2.2 Constraint Checking</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html975"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00830000000000000000">6.3 The System Network Diagram Editor (TSND)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html976"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00831000000000000000">6.3.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html977"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00832000000000000000">6.3.2 Constraint Checking</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html978"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00840000000000000000">6.4 The Use Case Diagram Editor (TUCD)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html979"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00841000000000000000">6.4.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html980"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00842000000000000000">6.4.2 Constraint Checking</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html981"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00850000000000000000">6.5 The Component Diagram Editor (TCPD)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html982"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00851000000000000000">6.5.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html983"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00860000000000000000">6.6 The Deployment Diagram Editor (TDPD)</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html984"
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HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SECTION00861000000000000000">6.6.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
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<!--End of Table of Child-Links-->
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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00800000000000000000"> </A> <A NAME="ArchitectViewEditing"> </A><A NAME="6350"> </A>
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6. Architectural View Editors
112
The architectural view of a software system decomposes the system into
113
parts that communicate with each other.
114
This includes data flow diagrams and JSD system network diagrams.
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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00810000000000000000"> </A>
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<A NAME="6352"> </A><A NAME="6353"> </A>
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<A NAME="6354"> </A>
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6.1 The Data Flow Diagram Editor (TDFD)
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00811000000000000000">
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6.1.1 Main window</A>
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Both TDFD as TEFD have an extra menu in the main window called <B>DFD</B>
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which contains some commands that are specific for data flow diagrams.
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Furthermore there is an editable text field labeled <TT>Diagram</TT>
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which shows the index of the data flow diagram.
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See section <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFIndexes">6.1.3</A> for the function of that field.
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00812000000000000000">
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6.1.2 Nodes and Edges</A>
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See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFRepresentations">6.1</A> for the subjects
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and the representing shapes that are used in TDFD.
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In figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFConnections">6.2</A> you find the possible connections
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of node types by edge types. These are immediately enforced constraints.
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TDFD uses the standard data flow diagramming conventions from [<A
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HREF="usersguidenode14.html#Marco78">8</A>,<A
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HREF="usersguidenode14.html#Yourdon89">30</A>]
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with the exception that diagrams are always drawn as a graph in TCM and
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therefore, they can never have dangling edges. TDFD uses a different notation from
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the one being used in [<A
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HREF="usersguidenode14.html#Wieringa96-01">22</A>]: data flow diagrams should be drawn
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as a graph, so a flow in a decomposition going to or coming from ``nowhere''
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is not permitted (unlike for instance [<A
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HREF="usersguidenode14.html#Wieringa96-01">22</A>], figures 9.16 and 9.17).
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See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFDExample1">6.3</A> for an example of the TCM notation for DFDs.
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For more information see appendix section <A HREF="usersguidenode11.html#TUT-DFD">A.3.3</A>.
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="DFRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6422"> </A>
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<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.1:</STRONG>
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Data flow diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
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<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
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<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER">
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/tcircle.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="70" HEIGHT="70" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg135.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/tcircle.eps}">
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Data process<A NAME="6381"> </A></TD>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/bar.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="88" HEIGHT="36" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg136.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/bar.eps}">
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Data store</TD>
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<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6389"> </A>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/square.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="70" HEIGHT="71" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg36.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/square.eps}">
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>External entity<A NAME="6397"> </A></TD>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/blackdot.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg37.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/blackdot.eps}">
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Split-merge node</TD>
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<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6405"> </A>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/arrow.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg59.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/arrow.eps}"></DIV>
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Data flow<A NAME="6412"> </A></TD>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/doublearrow.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg61.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/doublearrow.eps}"></DIV>
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Bidirectional data flow<A NAME="6419"> </A>
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<A NAME="6420"> </A></TD>
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</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="DFConnections"> </A><A NAME="6429"> </A>
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<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.2:</STRONG>
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Permitted data flow diagram connections.</CAPTION>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/DFconnections.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="611" HEIGHT="527" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg137.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/DFconnections.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="DFDExample1"> </A><A NAME="6437"> </A>
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<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.3:</STRONG>
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Data flow diagram in graph notation.</CAPTION>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dfdexample.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="586" HEIGHT="403" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg138.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/dfdexample.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00813000000000000000"> </A> <A NAME="DFIndexes"> </A><A NAME="6442"> </A>
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6.1.3 Data Flow Diagram Levels and Indexes
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Data processes have unique indexes. Data process shapes show their
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index labels when the <B>create/edit index</B> check button in the
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list of tiled node buttons is on<A NAME="6444"> </A><A NAME="6445"> </A>.
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When you turn the toggle off, the index labels remain visible, but can not
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be edited anymore. New node shapes will be created without an index label.
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Index labels of data process
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shapes are positioned near the top of the circle. When they are visible,
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they can be edited separately from the name label by selecting it for
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editing by clicking in the upper part of the circle. TDFD
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immediately enforces that index labels are unique and that they
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conform to the BNF syntax in figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#IndexSyntax">6.4</A>.
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When you create a new data process, TDFD assigns it automatically
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a unique index number. By default TDFD assigns the processes the
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numbers one to the current number of processes.
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When you issue the command <B>Renumber indexes</B><A NAME="6448"> </A>
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from the Edit menu, then the process indexes are renumbered
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to sequential indexes from one to the number of processes.
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When you create a new process, the lowest unused index number is chosen.
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When you draw a<A NAME="6449"> </A>
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<B>leveled</B> or <B>hierarchical data flow diagrams</B>,
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data processes<A NAME="6452"> </A>
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can be <B>decomposed</B> into subdiagrams.
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If the diagram you are drawing is a decomposition of a data
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process with label <I>n</I>, then you can enter the label <I>n</I>in the text field labeled <TT>Diagram</TT>. When you fill in
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the text field, the index of the diagram is updated
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when you press <Return>.
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New processes that are created in the diagram
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receive then as index, the diagram index plus a unique number.
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For instance, when you have set the diagram index to 2
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(i.e. the diagram is supposed to contain the decomposition of
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some data process with index 2), then all new processes will
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receive the indexes 2.1, 2.2, etc.
343
So, when you edit a context diagram or a level 1 diagram then
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this field is empty. When you edit the diagram of a process
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decomposition then it contains the index of that process.
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="IndexSyntax"> </A><A NAME="6477"> </A>
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<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.4:</STRONG>
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Data process index syntax.</CAPTION>
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WIDTH="207" HEIGHT="74"
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SRC="usersguideimg139.gif"
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Index & \rightarro...
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...rt{\bf 8}\vert{\bf 9} \\ \nonumber
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\end{array}\end{math}\end{center}\end{figure}"></TD></TR>
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<B>Warning:</B> in the version of TCM that is described in this
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manual you have to create for each decomposition a separate document.
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In this version of TDFD it is
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not possible to perform a decomposition within the editor.
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Not even all invalid combinations of index and level numbers within
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the same decomposition are checked yet <A NAME="tex2html114"
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HREF="#foot6929"><SUP>6.1</SUP></A>.
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00814000000000000000"> </A><A NAME="6483"> </A>
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Data processes that are not decomposed are called <B>primitive
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data processes</B><A NAME="6485"> </A> and should be specified by
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a so-called <B>minispec</B>. In this version of TCM it is possible
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to give a data process a minispec in the form of an arbitrary piece
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of text. When you (first) select a data process and choose
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the Minispec command from the DFD menu, then a text editor
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dialog (see chapter <A HREF="usersguidenode4.html#TextEditDialog">2.5</A>)
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is popped up in which you can edit a minispec in whatever notation
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you prefer. Minispecs are stored together with the document and they
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can be individually loaded and saved to file and
393
be printed <A NAME="tex2html115"
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HREF="#foot6488"><SUP>6.2</SUP></A>.
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00815000000000000000"> </A> <A NAME="DFSplitMerge"> </A>
400
6.1.5 Splitting and Merging Flows
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Data flows can be split or merged. To draw a split or merged
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data flow in a graph, a split-merge node is introduced. This is
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represented by a small black uneditable dot. You can draw data flow
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edges from a data process to this dot and data flow edges from the
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dot to a data process. See figures <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SplitExample">5(a)</A>
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and <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#MergeExample">5(b)</A>.<A NAME="6493"> </A><A NAME="6494"> </A><A NAME="6495"> </A>
410
If the outgoing flows of a splitting node or the incoming flows
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of a merging node are unnamed then this means that identical copies
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are split respectively merged.
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="SplitExample"> </A><A NAME="MergeExample"> </A><A NAME="6506"> </A>
418
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.5:</STRONG>
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Example splitting and merging data flows.</CAPTION>
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<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 ALIGN="CENTER">
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<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER">[]
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/splitexample.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="307" HEIGHT="293" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg140.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/splitexample.eps}">
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/mergeexample.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="306" HEIGHT="293" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg141.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/mergeexample.eps}"></TD>
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</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION00816000000000000000">
445
6.1.6 Constraint Checking</A>
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In addition to the constraints that were mentioned in the previous
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sections of this chapter, TDFD also checks some other constraints
451
that are summarized in figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFConstraints">6.6</A>.
452
Some of these constraints can not be enforced immediately during
453
<I>all</I> editor commands. If that is the case, they are additionally
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checked by Check Diagram as a soft constraint.
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="DFConstraints"> </A><A NAME="6514"> </A>
460
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.6:</STRONG>
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Immediately checked and soft constraints on DFDs.</CAPTION>
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/DFconstraints.eps}$ -->
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WIDTH="522" HEIGHT="464" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
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SRC="usersguideimg142.gif"
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ALT="\includegraphics{p/DFconstraints.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00820000000000000000"> </A>
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<A NAME="6519"> </A>
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<A NAME="6520"> </A>
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<A NAME="6521"> </A>
480
6.2 The Data and Event Flow Diagram Editor (TEFD)
484
TEFD is a proper superset of TDFD. The features that are specific
485
for TEFD are explained in this section. In short, TEFD is TDFD extended with
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control processes and event flows. All nodes and edges of TDFD are available
487
in TEFD and all constraints in TDFD are applicable to TEFD.
488
It is also possible to read a <TT>.dfd</TT> diagram into TEFD (although a warning
489
is given). The other way around, reading a <TT>.efd</TT> diagram in TDFD,
490
is only possible when it does not contain event flows or control
495
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00821000000000000000">
496
6.2.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
500
TEFD has data processes and <B>control processes</B><A NAME="6526"> </A><A NAME="6527"> </A>, represented by a solid
501
and a dashed circle, respectively. Both types of nodes have possibly
502
an index label, see section <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFIndexes">6.1.3</A>. TEFD has two types of flows:
503
<B>time discrete flows</B> and <B>time continuous flows</B>.<A NAME="6531"> </A><A NAME="6532"> </A>
504
Time discrete flow are the same flows as in TDFD, but time continuous
505
flows are new and they are represented by a double headed arrow (two heads on
509
TEFD has <B>event flows</B><A NAME="6534"> </A>
510
that are represented by dashed arrows. When an event flow has
511
as label `T', it is a <B>trigger</B><A NAME="6536"> </A>
512
and when it has as label `E' or `E/D', it is a <B>prompt</B><A NAME="6538"> </A>.
513
Event flows have a time discrete variant and a time continuous variant too,
514
represented by a dashed single headed arrow respectively by
515
a dashed double headed arrow.
518
See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#EFConnections">6.8</A> for the permitted connections in the
519
data and event flow diagram editor.
523
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="EFRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6629"> </A>
525
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.7:</STRONG>
526
Data and event flow diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
529
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
530
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER">
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<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/tcircle.eps}$ -->
536
WIDTH="70" HEIGHT="70" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
537
SRC="usersguideimg135.gif"
538
ALT="\includegraphics{p/tcircle.eps}">
542
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Data process<A NAME="6552"> </A></TD>
547
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dashedtcircle.eps}$ -->
549
WIDTH="71" HEIGHT="70" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
550
SRC="usersguideimg143.gif"
551
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dashedtcircle.eps}">
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<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Control process</TD>
557
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6560"> </A>
562
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/bar.eps}$ -->
564
WIDTH="88" HEIGHT="36" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
565
SRC="usersguideimg136.gif"
566
ALT="\includegraphics{p/bar.eps}">
570
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Data store</TD>
571
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6568"> </A>
575
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/square.eps}$ -->
577
WIDTH="70" HEIGHT="71" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
578
SRC="usersguideimg36.gif"
579
ALT="\includegraphics{p/square.eps}">
583
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>External entity</TD>
585
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6576"> </A>
590
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dashedbar.eps}$ -->
592
WIDTH="89" HEIGHT="36" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
593
SRC="usersguideimg144.gif"
594
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dashedbar.eps}">
598
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Event store</TD>
599
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6584"> </A>
603
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/blackdot.eps}$ -->
605
WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
606
SRC="usersguideimg37.gif"
607
ALT="\includegraphics{p/blackdot.eps}">
611
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Split-merge node</TD>
613
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6592"> </A>
618
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/arrow.eps}$ -->
620
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
621
SRC="usersguideimg59.gif"
622
ALT="\includegraphics{p/arrow.eps}"></DIV>
625
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Discrete data flow<A NAME="6599"> </A></TD>
630
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}$ -->
632
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
633
SRC="usersguideimg145.gif"
634
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}"></DIV>
637
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Event flow<A NAME="6606"> </A></TD>
639
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
643
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/doubleheadedarrow.eps}$ -->
645
WIDTH="98" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
646
SRC="usersguideimg60.gif"
647
ALT="\includegraphics{p/doubleheadedarrow.eps}"></DIV>
650
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Continuous data flow<A NAME="6613"> </A></TD>
655
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dasheddoubleheadedarrow.eps}$ -->
657
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
658
SRC="usersguideimg146.gif"
659
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dasheddoubleheadedarrow.eps}"></DIV>
662
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Continuous event flow<A NAME="6620"> </A></TD>
664
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
668
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/doublearrow.eps}$ -->
670
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
671
SRC="usersguideimg61.gif"
672
ALT="\includegraphics{p/doublearrow.eps}"></DIV>
675
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97>Bidirectional data flow<A NAME="6627"> </A></TD>
676
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
677
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97> </TD>
679
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P></TD>
680
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97> </TD>
681
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
682
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=97> </TD>
684
</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
690
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="EFConnections"> </A><A NAME="6636"> </A>
692
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.8:</STRONG>
693
Permitted data and event flow diagram connections.</CAPTION>
697
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/EFconnections.eps}$ -->
699
WIDTH="613" HEIGHT="865" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
700
SRC="usersguideimg147.gif"
701
ALT="\includegraphics{p/EFconnections.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
707
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00822000000000000000">
708
6.2.2 Constraint Checking</A>
712
TEFD checks all the constraints of TDFD. For these constraints see figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DFConstraints">6.6</A>.
713
The other constraints that TEFD checks are listed in figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#EFConstraints">6.9</A>.
717
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="EFConstraints"> </A><A NAME="6646"> </A>
719
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.9:</STRONG>
720
Immediately checked and soft constraints on EFDs (not part of TDFD).</CAPTION>
724
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/EFconstraints.eps}$ -->
726
WIDTH="575" HEIGHT="366" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
727
SRC="usersguideimg148.gif"
728
ALT="\includegraphics{p/EFconstraints.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
734
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00830000000000000000"> </A>
735
<A NAME="6651"> </A><A NAME="6652"> </A>
736
<A NAME="6653"> </A>
738
6.3 The System Network Diagram Editor (TSND)
743
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00831000000000000000">
744
6.3.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
748
In order to be able to edit a system network diagram as a graph, a
749
system network connection in TSND is a compound connection
750
consisting of three parts: one node and two edges.
751
The node is one of State vector, Data stream or Controlled data stream.<A NAME="6655"> </A><A NAME="6656"> </A><A NAME="6657"> </A>
752
The two edges are a Connection start edge and a
753
Connection end edge. These two types of edges do not have a name label
754
but they can both have a cardinality constraint label.
755
The cardinality constraints should conform to the same
756
syntax as in section <A HREF="usersguidenode6.html#CardConstraints">4.1.2</A>.
757
Compound connections connect system network processes (abbreviated to SN processes).
758
<A NAME="6659"> </A><A NAME="6660"> </A><A NAME="6661"> </A>
759
See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SNRepresentations">6.10</A> and <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SNConnections">6.11</A> for
760
the representations and the permitted connections (immediately enforced).
761
For an example system network diagram, see figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SystemNetworkDiagram">6.12</A>.
765
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="SNRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6717"> </A>
767
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.10:</STRONG>
768
System network diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
771
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
772
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER">
776
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/box.eps}$ -->
778
WIDTH="89" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
779
SRC="usersguideimg32.gif"
780
ALT="\includegraphics{p/box.eps}">
781
<BR> </DIV><A NAME="6676"> </A>
784
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>System network process</TD>
789
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/sncircle.eps}$ -->
791
WIDTH="54" HEIGHT="54" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
792
SRC="usersguideimg149.gif"
793
ALT="\includegraphics{p/sncircle.eps}">
797
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>Data stream</TD>
799
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6685"> </A>
803
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/sndiamond.eps}$ -->
805
WIDTH="55" HEIGHT="54" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
806
SRC="usersguideimg150.gif"
807
ALT="\includegraphics{p/sndiamond.eps}">
811
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>State vector</TD>
812
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6693"> </A>
816
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/snllcircle.eps}$ -->
818
WIDTH="54" HEIGHT="54" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
819
SRC="usersguideimg151.gif"
820
ALT="\includegraphics{p/snllcircle.eps}">
824
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>Controlled data stream</TD>
826
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6701"> </A>
831
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/startc1line.eps}$ -->
833
WIDTH="70" HEIGHT="20" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
834
SRC="usersguideimg152.gif"
835
ALT="\includegraphics{p/startc1line.eps}"></DIV>
838
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>Connection start</TD>
839
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="6708"> </A>
843
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/endc1arrow.eps}$ -->
845
WIDTH="93" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
846
SRC="usersguideimg66.gif"
847
ALT="\includegraphics{p/c1arrow.eps}"></DIV>
848
<A NAME="6714"> </A>
851
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=104>Connection end</TD>
853
</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
859
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="SNConnections"> </A><A NAME="6724"> </A>
861
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.11:</STRONG>
862
Permitted system network diagram connections.</CAPTION>
866
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/SNconnections.eps}$ -->
868
WIDTH="482" HEIGHT="253" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
869
SRC="usersguideimg153.gif"
870
ALT="\includegraphics{p/SNconnections.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
876
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="SystemNetworkDiagram"> </A><A NAME="6731"> </A>
878
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.12:</STRONG>
879
Example system network diagram.</CAPTION>
883
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/systemnetworkexample.eps}$ -->
885
WIDTH="634" HEIGHT="340" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
886
SRC="usersguideimg154.gif"
887
ALT="\includegraphics{p/systemnetworkexample.eps}">
895
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00832000000000000000">
896
6.3.2 Constraint Checking</A>
900
In addition to the constraints mentioned in the previous
901
section about TSND, TSND checks the immediately enforced and/or soft
902
constraints that are summarized in figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#SNConstraints">6.13</A>.
906
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="SNConstraints"> </A><A NAME="6740"> </A>
908
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.13:</STRONG>
909
Immediately checked and soft constraints on SNDs.</CAPTION>
913
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/SNconstraints.eps}$ -->
915
WIDTH="516" HEIGHT="219" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
916
SRC="usersguideimg155.gif"
917
ALT="\includegraphics{p/SNconstraints.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
923
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00840000000000000000"> </A>
924
<A NAME="6745"> </A><A NAME="6746"> </A>
925
<A NAME="6747"> </A>
927
6.4 The Use Case Diagram Editor (TUCD)
932
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00841000000000000000">
933
6.4.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
937
See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#UCRepresentations">6.14</A> for the subjects
938
and the representing shapes that are used in TUCD.
939
In figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#UCConnections">6.15</A> you can see which node types
940
can be connected by which edge types. These are immediately
941
enforced constraints.
942
Note that actors can be represented by two different actor
943
types : a StickMan <A NAME="6751"> </A> and
944
a ClassBox <A NAME="6752"> </A>.
945
In figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#UCConnections">6.15</A> for actors only the stick-man
946
type variant is shown but each stick-man could be
947
replaced by a class box.
948
You can change the representation of an actor by
949
the <B>change actor type</B><A NAME="6755"> </A>
950
command in a sub-menu of the Edit menu.
954
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="UCRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6807"> </A>
956
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.14:</STRONG>
957
Use case diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
960
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
961
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
965
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/stickman.eps}$ -->
967
WIDTH="33" HEIGHT="77" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
968
SRC="usersguideimg47.gif"
969
ALT="\includegraphics{p/stickman.eps}">
973
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Actor <A NAME="6768"> </A></TD>
978
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/UCsystembox.eps}$ -->
980
WIDTH="58" HEIGHT="102" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
981
SRC="usersguideimg156.gif"
982
ALT="\includegraphics{p/UCsystembox.eps}">
986
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>System <A NAME="6776"> </A></TD>
988
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
992
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/UCactorbox.eps}$ -->
994
WIDTH="106" HEIGHT="46" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
995
SRC="usersguideimg124.gif"
996
ALT="\includegraphics{p/UCactorbox.eps}">
1000
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Actor</TD>
1003
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1005
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/usecase.eps}$ -->
1007
WIDTH="107" HEIGHT="53" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1008
SRC="usersguideimg157.gif"
1009
ALT="\includegraphics{p/usecase.eps}">
1013
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Use Case <A NAME="6791"> </A></TD>
1015
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
1017
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1019
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/c2line.eps}$ -->
1021
WIDTH="93" HEIGHT="32" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1022
SRC="usersguideimg65.gif"
1023
ALT="\includegraphics{p/c2line.eps}"></DIV>
1026
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Binary association<A NAME="6798"> </A></TD>
1029
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1031
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/generalizationarrow.eps}$ -->
1033
WIDTH="92" HEIGHT="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1034
SRC="usersguideimg62.gif"
1035
ALT="\includegraphics{p/generalizationarrow.eps}"></DIV>
1038
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Generalization <A NAME="6805"> </A></TD>
1040
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P></TD>
1041
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1042
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
1043
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1045
</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
1051
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="UCConnections"> </A><A NAME="6814"> </A>
1053
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.15:</STRONG>
1054
Permitted Use case diagram connections.</CAPTION>
1056
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1058
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/UCconnections.eps}$ -->
1060
WIDTH="612" HEIGHT="174" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1061
SRC="usersguideimg158.gif"
1062
ALT="\includegraphics{p/UCconnections.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
1068
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00842000000000000000">
1069
6.4.2 Constraint Checking</A>
1073
TUCD checks also the soft and immediately enforced constraints that are
1074
summarized in figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#UCConstraints">6.16</A>.
1078
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="UCConstraints"> </A><A NAME="6823"> </A>
1080
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.16:</STRONG>
1081
Immediately checked and soft constraints on UCDs.</CAPTION>
1083
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1085
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/UCconstraints.eps}$ -->
1087
WIDTH="569" HEIGHT="331" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1088
SRC="usersguideimg159.gif"
1089
ALT="\includegraphics{p/UCconstraints.eps}"></DIV></TD></TR>
1095
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00850000000000000000"> </A>
1096
<A NAME="6828"> </A><A NAME="6829"> </A>
1097
<A NAME="6830"> </A>
1099
6.5 The Component Diagram Editor (TCPD)
1103
This is a very lightweight diagram editor, only added to support basic
1104
drawing of component diagrams. There is no constraint checking built in.
1108
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00851000000000000000">
1109
6.5.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
1113
See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#CPRepresentations">6.17</A> for the subjects
1114
and the representing shapes that are used in TCPD.
1118
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="CPRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6869"> </A>
1120
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.17:</STRONG>
1121
Component diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
1123
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1124
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
1125
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
1127
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1129
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/buildingblock.eps}$ -->
1131
WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1132
SRC="usersguideimg51.gif"
1133
ALT="\includegraphics{p/buildingblock.eps}">
1137
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Component <A NAME="6845"> </A></TD>
1140
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1142
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/miniellipse.eps}$ -->
1144
WIDTH="24" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1145
SRC="usersguideimg160.gif"
1146
ALT="\includegraphics{p/miniellipse.eps}">
1150
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Interface <A NAME="6853"> </A></TD>
1152
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
1154
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1156
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/predefinedline.eps}$ -->
1158
WIDTH="93" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1159
SRC="usersguideimg68.gif"
1160
ALT="\includegraphics{p/predefinedline.eps}"></DIV>
1163
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Realization relationship<A NAME="6860"> </A></TD>
1166
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1168
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}$ -->
1170
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1171
SRC="usersguideimg145.gif"
1172
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}"></DIV>
1175
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Dependency <A NAME="6867"> </A></TD>
1177
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P></TD>
1178
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1179
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
1180
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1182
</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
1188
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00860000000000000000"> </A>
1189
<A NAME="6874"> </A><A NAME="6875"> </A>
1190
<A NAME="6876"> </A>
1192
6.6 The Deployment Diagram Editor (TDPD)
1196
This is a very lightweight diagram editor, only added to support basic
1197
drawing of deployment diagrams. There is no constraint checking built in.
1200
TDPD is a superset of TCPD. The features that are specific
1201
for T are explained in this section. In short, TDPD is TCPD extended with
1202
UML nodes. All nodes and edges of TCPD are available
1204
It is also possible to read a <TT>.cpd</TT> diagram into TDPD.
1205
The other way around, reading a <TT>.dpd</TT> diagram in TCPD
1206
is only possible when it does not contain UML nodes.
1210
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00861000000000000000">
1211
6.6.1 Nodes and Edges</A>
1215
See figure <A HREF="usersguidenode8.html#DPRepresentations">6.18</A> for the subjects
1216
and the representing shapes that are used in TDPD.
1220
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="DPRepresentations"> </A><A NAME="6924"> </A>
1222
<CAPTION><STRONG>Figure 6.18:</STRONG>
1223
Deployment diagram nodes and edges.</CAPTION>
1225
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1226
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3 BORDER="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
1227
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
1229
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1231
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/buildingblock.eps}$ -->
1233
WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1234
SRC="usersguideimg51.gif"
1235
ALT="\includegraphics{p/buildingblock.eps}">
1239
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Component <A NAME="6893"> </A></TD>
1242
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1244
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/miniellipse.eps}$ -->
1246
WIDTH="24" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1247
SRC="usersguideimg160.gif"
1248
ALT="\includegraphics{p/miniellipse.eps}">
1252
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Interface <A NAME="6901"> </A></TD>
1254
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER">
1256
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1258
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/cube.eps}$ -->
1260
WIDTH="89" HEIGHT="45" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1261
SRC="usersguideimg50.gif"
1262
ALT="\includegraphics{p/cube.eps}"></DIV>
1265
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Node <A NAME="6908"> </A></TD>
1266
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
1267
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1269
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P>
1271
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1273
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/predefinedline.eps}$ -->
1275
WIDTH="93" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1276
SRC="usersguideimg68.gif"
1277
ALT="\includegraphics{p/predefinedline.eps}"></DIV>
1280
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Realization relationship<A NAME="6915"> </A></TD>
1283
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
1285
<!-- MATH: $\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}$ -->
1287
WIDTH="94" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
1288
SRC="usersguideimg145.gif"
1289
ALT="\includegraphics{p/dashedarrow.eps}"></DIV>
1292
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94>Dependency <A NAME="6922"> </A></TD>
1294
<TR><TD ALIGN="CENTER"><P></TD>
1295
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1296
<TD ALIGN="CENTER"> </TD>
1297
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" WIDTH=94> </TD>
1299
</TABLE></DIV></TD></TR>
1304
<BR><HR><H4>Footnotes</H4>
1306
<DT><A NAME="foot6929">... yet </A><A NAME="foot6929"
1307
HREF="usersguidenode8.html#tex2html114"><SUP>6.1</SUP></A>
1308
<DD>Both decomposition
1309
of data processes as more extensive checks on DFDs (like correct use
1310
of indexes and <B>balancing</B> of data flows) are on our wish list.
1312
<DT><A NAME="foot6488">... printed </A><A NAME="foot6488"
1313
HREF="usersguidenode8.html#tex2html115"><SUP>6.2</SUP></A>
1314
<DD>Printing or saving multiple minispecs as one
1315
report is on our current wish list.
1318
<!--Navigation Panel-->
1319
<A NAME="tex2html963"
1320
HREF="usersguidenode9.html">
1321
<IMG WIDTH="37" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="next" SRC="next_motif.gif"></A>
1322
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1324
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1325
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1326
HREF="usersguidenode7.html">
1327
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1328
<A NAME="tex2html961"
1329
HREF="usersguidenode1.html">
1330
<IMG WIDTH="65" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="contents" SRC="contents_motif.gif"></A>
1331
<A NAME="tex2html962"
1332
HREF="usersguidenode15.html">
1333
<IMG WIDTH="43" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="index" SRC="index_motif.gif"></A>
1335
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html964"
1336
HREF="usersguidenode9.html">7. Table Editing</A>
1337
<B> Up:</B> <A NAME="tex2html960"
1338
HREF="User.html">Toolkit for Conceptual Modeling</A>
1339
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME="tex2html954"
1340
HREF="usersguidenode7.html">5. Behavior View Editors</A>
1341
<!--End of Navigation Panel-->
1343
<I>Henk van de Zandschulp</I>
1344
<BR><I>2003-01-20</I>
added
removed
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