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author: Samuel Tardieu <sam@rfc1149.net>
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last modified: Tue Dec 6 07:22:44 CET 2005
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The sh4 target is not ready at all yet for integration in qemu. This
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file describes the current state of implementation.
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Most places requiring attention and/or modification can be detected by
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looking for "XXXXX" or "abort()".
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The sh4 core is located in target-sh4/*, while the 7750 peripheral
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features (IO ports for example) are located in hw/sh7750.[ch]. The
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main board description is in hw/shix.c, and the NAND flash in
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All the shortcomings indicated here will eventually be resolved. This
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is a work in progress. Features are added in a semi-random order: if a
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point is blocking to progress on booting the Linux kernel for the shix
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board, it is addressed first; if feedback is necessary and no progress
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can be made on blocking points until it is received, a random feature
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The primary model being worked on is the soft MMU target to be able to
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emulate the Shix 2.0 board by Alexis Polti, described at
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http://perso.enst.fr/~polti/realisations/shix20/
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Ultimately, qemu will be coupled with a system C or a verilog
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simulator to simulate the whole board functionalities.
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A sh4 user-mode has also somewhat started but will be worked on
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afterwards. The goal is to automate tests for GNAT (GNU Ada) compiler
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that I ported recently to the sh4-linux target.
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16 general purpose registers are available at any time. The first 8
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registers are banked and the non-directly visible ones can be accessed
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by privileged instructions. In qemu, we define 24 general purpose
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registers and the code generation use either [0-7]+[8-15] or
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[16-23]+[8-15] depending on the MD and RB flags in the sr
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configuration register.
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Most sh4 instructions have been implemented. The missing ones at this
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- FPU related instructions
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- LDTLB to load a new MMU entry
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- SLEEP to put the processor in sleep mode
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Most instructions could be optimized a lot. This will be worked on
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after the current model is fully functional unless debugging
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convenience requires that it is done early.
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Many instructions did not have a chance to be tested yet. The plan is
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to implement unit and regression testing of those in the future.
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The MMU is implemented in the sh4 core. MMU management has not been
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tested at all yet. In the sh7750, it can be manipulated through memory
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mapped registers and this part has not yet been implemented.
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Exceptions are implemented as described in the sh4 reference manual
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but have not been tested yet. They do not use qemu EXCP_ features
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IRQ are not implemented yet.
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Configuration and use of the first serial port (SCI) without
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interrupts is supported. Input has not yet been tested.
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Configuration of the second serial port (SCIF) is supported. FIFO
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handling infrastructure has been started but is not completed yet.
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GPIO ports have been implemented. A registration function allows
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external modules to register interest in some port changes (see
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hw/tc58128.[ch] for an example) and will be called back. Interrupt
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generation is not yet supported but some infrastructure is in place
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for this purpose. Note that in the current model a peripheral module
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cannot directly simulate a H->L->H input port transition and have an
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interrupt generated on the low level.
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TC58128 NAND flash is partially implemented through GPIO ports. It
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supports reading from flash.
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GDB remote target support has been implemented and lightly tested.
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File names are hardcoded at this time. The bootloader must be stored in
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shix_bios.bin in the current directory. The initial Linux image must
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be stored in shix_linux_nand.bin in the current directory in NAND
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format. Test files can be obtained from
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http://perso.enst.fr/~polti/robot/ as well as the various datasheets I
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qemu disk parameter on the command line is unused. You can supply any
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existing image and it will be ignored. As the goal is to simulate an
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embedded target, it is not clear how this parameter will be handled in
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To build an ELF kernel image from the NAND image, 16 bytes have to be
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stripped off the end of every 528 bytes, keeping only 512 of them. The
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following Python code snippet does it:
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def denand (infd, outfd):
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outfd.write (d[:512])
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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denand (open (sys.argv[1], 'rb'),
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open (sys.argv[2], 'wb'))
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There is currently a mix between my style (space before opening
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parenthesis) and qemu style. This will be resolved before final
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integration is proposed.
added
removed
target-sh4/README.sh4
