14
<title>Maxima 5.20.1 Manual: 53. graphs</title>
14
<title>Maxima 5.21.1 Manual: 53. graphs</title>
16
<meta name="description" content="Maxima 5.20.1 Manual: 53. graphs">
17
<meta name="keywords" content="Maxima 5.20.1 Manual: 53. graphs">
16
<meta name="description" content="Maxima 5.21.1 Manual: 53. graphs">
17
<meta name="keywords" content="Maxima 5.21.1 Manual: 53. graphs">
18
18
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
19
19
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
20
20
<meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.76">
142
142
<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
144
144
<a name="graphs"></a>
145
<a name="SEC223"></a>
145
<a name="SEC225"></a>
146
146
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
147
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_52.html#SEC222" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
148
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC224" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
147
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_52.html#SEC224" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
148
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC226" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
149
149
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
150
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_52.html#SEC221" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
150
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_52.html#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
151
151
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
152
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
152
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
153
153
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
154
154
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
155
155
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
156
156
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
157
157
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
158
158
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
159
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
159
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
160
160
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
162
162
<h1 class="chapter"> 53. graphs </h1>
164
164
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
165
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC224">53.1 Introduction to graphs</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
165
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC226">53.1 Introduction to graphs</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
167
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC225">53.2 Functions and Variables for graphs</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
167
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC227">53.2 Functions and Variables for graphs</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
171
171
<p><a name="Item_003a-Introduction-to-graphs"></a>
172
172
</p><hr size="6">
173
173
<a name="Introduction-to-graphs"></a>
174
<a name="SEC224"></a>
174
<a name="SEC226"></a>
175
175
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
176
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
177
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
176
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
177
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
178
178
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
179
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
180
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
181
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
179
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
180
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
181
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
182
182
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
183
183
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
184
184
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
185
185
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
186
186
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
187
187
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
188
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
188
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
189
189
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
191
191
<h2 class="section"> 53.1 Introduction to graphs </h2>
222
222
<p><a name="Item_003a-Functions-and-Variables-for-graphs"></a>
223
223
</p><hr size="6">
224
224
<a name="Functions-and-Variables-for-graphs"></a>
225
<a name="SEC225"></a>
225
<a name="SEC227"></a>
226
226
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
227
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC224" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
228
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC226" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
227
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC226" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
228
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC228" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
229
229
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
230
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
231
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
232
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
230
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
231
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
232
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
233
233
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
234
234
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
235
235
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
236
236
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
237
237
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
238
238
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
239
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
239
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
240
240
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
242
242
<h2 class="section"> 53.2 Functions and Variables for graphs </h2>
245
<a name="SEC226"></a>
245
<a name="SEC228"></a>
246
246
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
247
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
248
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
247
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
248
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC229" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
249
249
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
250
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
251
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
252
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
250
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
251
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
252
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
253
253
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
254
254
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
255
255
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
256
256
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
257
257
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
258
258
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
259
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
259
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
260
260
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
262
262
<h3 class="subsection"> 53.2.1 Building graphs </h3>
1350
<a name="SEC227"></a>
1350
<a name="SEC229"></a>
1351
1351
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
1352
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC226" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
1353
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC228" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
1352
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC228" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
1353
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC230" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
1354
1354
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
1355
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
1356
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
1357
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
1355
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
1356
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
1357
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
1358
1358
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
1359
1359
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
1360
1360
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
1361
1361
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
1362
1362
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
1363
1363
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
1364
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
1364
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
1365
1365
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
1367
1367
<h3 class="subsection"> 53.2.2 Graph properties </h3>
3245
<a name="SEC228"></a>
3245
<a name="SEC230"></a>
3246
3246
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
3247
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3248
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC229" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3247
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC229" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3248
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC231" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3249
3249
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3250
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3251
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3252
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3250
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3251
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3252
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3253
3253
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3254
3254
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3255
3255
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3256
3256
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3257
3257
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
3258
3258
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
3259
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3259
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3260
3260
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
3262
3262
<h3 class="subsection"> 53.2.3 Modifying graphs </h3>
3493
<a name="SEC229"></a>
3493
<a name="SEC231"></a>
3494
3494
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
3495
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC228" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3496
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC230" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3495
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC230" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3496
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC232" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3497
3497
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3498
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3499
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3500
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3498
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3499
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3500
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3501
3501
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3502
3502
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3503
3503
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3504
3504
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3505
3505
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
3506
3506
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
3507
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3507
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3508
3508
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
3510
3510
<h3 class="subsection"> 53.2.4 Reading and writing to files </h3>
3699
<a name="SEC230"></a>
3699
<a name="SEC232"></a>
3700
3700
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
3701
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC229" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3702
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3701
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC231" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
3702
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
3703
3703
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3704
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3705
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3706
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3704
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
3705
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC227" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
3706
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
3707
3707
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3708
3708
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3709
3709
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3710
3710
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
3711
3711
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
3712
3712
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
3713
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3713
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
3714
3714
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
3716
3716
<h3 class="subsection"> 53.2.5 Visualization </h3>
4488
4488
<p><a name="Item_003a-grobner"></a>
4489
4489
</p><hr size="6">
4490
4490
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
4491
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC223" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
4492
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC231" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
4491
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#SEC225" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
4492
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_54.html#SEC233" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
4493
4493
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
4494
4494
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
4495
4495
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
4497
4497
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
4498
4498
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima.html#SEC_Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
4499
4499
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
4500
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC329" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
4500
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_79.html#SEC331" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
4501
4501
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="maxima_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
4504
4504
<font size="-1">
4505
This document was generated by <em>Robert Dodier</em> on <em>December, 13 2009</em> using <a href="http://texi2html.cvshome.org/"><em>texi2html 1.76</em></a>.
4505
This document was generated by <em>Robert Dodier</em> on <em>April, 24 2010</em> using <a href="http://texi2html.cvshome.org/"><em>texi2html 1.76</em></a>.