4
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
10
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
12
# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16
# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20
# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
21
# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
24
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
25
# I found in the UCLA library.
27
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
28
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
30
# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
31
# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
32
# Corrections are welcome!
35
# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
37
# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
42
# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia
43
# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia
45
# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
46
# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia
49
# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
51
# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
54
# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
55
# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
56
# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
57
# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
59
###############################################################################
61
# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
62
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
63
Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
64
Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
65
Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
66
Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
67
Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
68
Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
69
Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
70
Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
71
Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
72
Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
73
Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
74
Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
75
Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
76
Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
77
Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
80
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
81
Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
86
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
87
# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
88
# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
89
# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
90
# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
91
# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
92
# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
93
# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
94
# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
95
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
96
Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
97
3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
98
4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
99
3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
100
3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
102
4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
105
# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
106
# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
107
# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
108
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
109
Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
110
Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
111
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
112
Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
113
3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
114
4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
115
3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
116
3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
117
4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
118
4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
122
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
123
Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
128
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129
Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
130
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
131
6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
133
6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
134
6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
135
6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
138
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
139
Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
141
6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
143
# British Indian Ocean Territory
144
# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
145
# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
146
# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
147
# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
148
# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
149
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150
Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
151
5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
155
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
156
Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
161
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162
Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
163
6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
164
6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
165
9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
166
6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
169
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
170
Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
171
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
179
# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
181
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
182
# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
183
# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
184
# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
185
# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
186
# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
188
# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
189
# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
190
# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
192
# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
193
# 1987 mid-April - ??
195
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
196
# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
197
# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
199
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
200
# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
201
# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
202
# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
203
# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
204
# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
205
# pre-1980 time zones.
207
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
208
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
209
Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
210
Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
211
Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
212
Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
213
Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
214
Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
216
# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
217
# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
218
# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
219
# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
221
# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
222
# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
223
# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
224
# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
225
# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
226
# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
227
# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
228
# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
229
# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
230
# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
232
# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
233
# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk
234
# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986
235
# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim
236
# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
237
# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this
238
# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began
239
# observing daylight saving time in 1986.
241
# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11):
242
# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated
243
# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't
244
# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near
245
# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a
246
# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was
247
# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s).
249
# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
250
# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949
251
# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a
252
# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with
253
# Shanks & Pottenger.
255
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
256
# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
257
# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
258
Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
259
8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
264
# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
266
Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
269
# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
270
# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
271
# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
272
# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
273
# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
274
Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
275
7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
277
# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
278
# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
279
# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
280
# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
281
# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
282
# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
283
# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
284
# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
285
# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
286
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
287
6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
290
# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
291
# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
292
# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
294
Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
295
5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
299
# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
300
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
301
Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
302
Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
303
Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
304
Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
305
Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
306
Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
307
Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
308
Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
309
Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
310
Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
311
Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
312
Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
313
Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
314
Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
315
Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
316
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
317
Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
321
###############################################################################
325
# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
326
# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
327
# have any other information.
329
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
330
Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
331
Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
332
Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
333
Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
334
Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
335
Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
336
Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
337
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
338
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
339
Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
340
Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
341
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
342
Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
345
# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
346
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
347
Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
348
Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
349
Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
350
Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
351
Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
352
Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
353
Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
354
Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
355
Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
356
Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
357
Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
358
Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
359
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
360
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
361
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
362
Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
363
8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
367
###############################################################################
370
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
371
Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
372
Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
373
Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
374
Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
375
Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
376
Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
377
Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
378
Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
379
Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
380
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
381
Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
382
2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
384
# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
386
# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
387
# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
388
Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
391
# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
392
# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
393
# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
394
# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
395
# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
397
# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
398
# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
399
# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
400
# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
402
# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
404
# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
405
# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
406
# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
407
# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
408
# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
409
# of integration into Europe.
411
# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
412
# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
413
# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
414
# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
415
# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
416
# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
417
# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
418
# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
419
# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
422
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
423
Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
424
2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
425
3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
426
4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
427
3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
428
3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
429
3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
430
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
431
4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
432
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
433
3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
438
# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
440
# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
441
# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
442
# East Timor may be late for its millennium
443
# </a> (1999-12-26/31):
444
# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
445
# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
446
# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
447
# conflicts with their way of life.
449
# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
450
# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
451
# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
453
# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
454
# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
456
# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
457
# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
458
# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
459
# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
461
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
462
Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
463
8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
464
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
465
9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
466
8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00
470
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
471
Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
472
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
473
6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
475
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
477
# The following are like Asia/Kolkata:
479
# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
484
# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
485
# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
486
# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
487
# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
488
# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
490
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
491
# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger.
492
# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
493
# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
494
# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
495
# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
496
# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
497
# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions
498
# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
499
# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
500
# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
501
# switched on 1945-09-23.
503
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
504
Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
505
# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
506
# but this must be a typo.
507
7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
508
7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
509
7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23
510
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
515
Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
516
7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
517
7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29
518
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
522
8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1
524
Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
525
7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
526
8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9
527
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
529
Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
530
9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1
536
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
537
# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
538
# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
540
# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
541
# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
543
# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
545
# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
546
# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
547
# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
548
# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
549
# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
550
# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
552
# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
553
# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
554
# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
557
# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
559
# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
560
# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
561
# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
562
# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
563
# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
564
# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
566
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
567
# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
568
# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
569
# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
570
# plan to change that law....
572
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
573
# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
574
# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
575
# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
576
# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
577
# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
579
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
580
# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
581
# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
582
# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
583
# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
584
# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
585
# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
586
# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
587
# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
588
# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
589
# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
590
# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
591
# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
593
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
594
# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
595
# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
597
# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen:
598
# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
599
# daylight saving time ...
600
# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
602
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
603
# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of
604
# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24
605
# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:...
606
# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour
607
# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will
608
# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
609
# thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
611
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
612
Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
613
Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
614
Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
615
Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
616
Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
617
Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
618
Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
619
Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
620
Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
621
Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
622
Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
623
Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
624
Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
625
Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
626
Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
627
Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
628
Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
629
Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
630
Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
631
Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
632
Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
633
Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
634
Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
635
Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
636
Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
637
Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
638
Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
639
Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
640
Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
641
Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
642
Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
643
Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
644
Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
645
Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
646
Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
647
Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
648
Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
649
Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
650
Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
651
Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
652
Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
653
Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
654
Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
655
Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
656
Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
657
Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
658
Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
659
Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
660
Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
661
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
662
Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
663
3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
671
# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
672
# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
673
# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
674
# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
675
# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
677
# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
678
# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
679
# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
680
# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
681
# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
683
# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
685
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
686
# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
687
# news sources (in Arabic):
688
# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html">
689
# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
691
# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10">
692
# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
695
# We have published a short article in English about the change:
696
# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html">
697
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
700
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
701
Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
702
Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
703
Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
704
Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
705
Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
706
Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
707
# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
708
# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
710
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
711
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
712
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
713
Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
714
2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
719
###############################################################################
723
# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
725
# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
726
# different abbreviations in use:
728
# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
729
# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
730
# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
732
# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
733
# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
734
# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
735
# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
736
# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
737
# settings in Israeli computers.
739
# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
740
# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
741
# family is from India).
743
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
744
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
745
Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
746
Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
747
Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
748
Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
749
Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
750
Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
751
Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
752
Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
753
Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
754
Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
755
Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
756
Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
757
Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
758
Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
759
Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
760
Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
761
Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
762
Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
763
Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
764
Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
765
Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
766
Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
767
Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
768
Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
769
Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
770
Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
771
Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
772
Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
773
Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
774
Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
775
Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
776
Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
777
Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
778
Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
779
Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
780
Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
781
Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
782
Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
783
Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
784
Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
786
# From Ephraim Silverberg
787
# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
790
# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
791
# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
792
# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
793
# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
794
# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
795
# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
796
# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
797
# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
798
# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
799
# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
800
# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
801
# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
802
# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
803
# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
804
# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
805
# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
806
# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
807
# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
808
# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
809
# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
810
# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
811
# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
813
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
814
Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
815
Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
816
Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
817
Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
818
Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
819
Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
820
Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
821
Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
822
Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
823
Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
825
# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
826
# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
827
# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
829
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
830
Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
831
Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
832
Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
833
Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
835
# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
836
# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
837
# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
839
# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
841
# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
843
# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
845
# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
847
# where YYYY is the relevant year.
849
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
850
Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
851
Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
852
Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
853
Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
854
Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
855
Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
856
Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
857
Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
859
# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
860
# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
861
# years 2001-2004 as well.
863
# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
865
# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
867
# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
868
# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
870
# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
872
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
873
Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
874
Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
875
Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
876
Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
877
Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
878
Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
879
Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
880
Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
881
Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
882
Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
884
# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
885
# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
886
# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
887
# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
888
# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
890
# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
892
# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
894
# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22):
895
# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
896
# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
897
# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
898
# to generate the transitions in this list.
899
# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
900
# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule:
902
# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
904
# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
905
# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
906
# springtime transitions explicitly.
908
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
909
Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
910
Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
911
Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
912
Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
913
Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
914
Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
915
Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
916
Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
917
Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
918
Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
919
Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
920
Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
921
Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S
922
Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
923
Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
924
Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
925
Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
926
Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
927
Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
928
Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
929
Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
930
Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
931
Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
932
Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
933
Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
934
Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
935
Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
936
Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
937
Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
938
Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S
939
Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S
940
Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S
941
Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
942
Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S
943
Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S
944
Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
945
Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
946
Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
947
Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
948
Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
949
Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
950
Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S
951
Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S
953
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
954
Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
955
2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
960
###############################################################################
964
# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
966
# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
967
# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
968
# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
969
# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
971
# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
972
# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
973
# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
974
# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
975
# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
976
# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
977
# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
978
# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53%
979
# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
980
# wanted to keep it.)
982
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
983
# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
984
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
985
Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
986
Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
987
Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
988
Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
989
# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
990
# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
991
# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
992
# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
994
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
995
# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
996
# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
997
# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
998
# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
999
# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
1000
# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
1002
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
1003
# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
1004
# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
1005
# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
1006
# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
1007
# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
1008
# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
1009
# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
1012
# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
1013
# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
1015
# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
1016
# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
1017
# ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
1019
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1020
Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
1024
# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
1028
# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
1029
# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
1030
# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
1031
# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
1034
# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
1035
# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
1036
# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
1037
# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
1038
# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
1039
# government's departments from six to seven hours.
1041
# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
1042
# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
1044
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
1045
# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
1046
# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
1048
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
1049
# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm
1050
# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
1052
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1053
Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
1054
Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1055
Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1056
Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1057
Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1058
Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1059
Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1060
Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1061
Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1062
Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1063
Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1064
Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
1065
Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
1066
Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
1067
Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
1068
Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
1069
Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1070
Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1071
Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1072
Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
1073
Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1074
Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
1075
Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1076
Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
1077
Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
1078
Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1079
Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1080
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1081
Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
1087
# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1088
# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
1089
# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
1090
# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
1091
# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
1092
# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
1094
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1095
# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
1096
# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
1097
# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
1098
# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
1100
# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
1101
# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
1102
# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
1104
# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
1105
# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
1107
# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
1108
# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
1109
# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
1111
# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
1112
# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone
1113
# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
1114
# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone
1115
# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
1116
# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
1117
# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses
1118
# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
1119
# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
1122
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1124
# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
1125
Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
1126
5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
1127
6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
1129
6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
1131
# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
1132
Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
1133
4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
1134
5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
1135
5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
1136
6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
1137
5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
1138
5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1139
5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1140
6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
1142
# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
1143
Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
1144
4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
1145
5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
1146
5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
1147
6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
1148
5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
1149
5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1150
5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
1153
# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
1154
# so include time stamps before 1963.
1155
Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
1156
4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
1158
5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
1159
6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
1160
5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
1161
5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1162
5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
1163
4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
1166
Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
1167
4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
1168
5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
1169
5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
1170
6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
1171
5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
1172
4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
1173
4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1174
4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
1177
# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
1178
# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
1180
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
1181
# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
1182
# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
1183
# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
1184
# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
1185
# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
1186
# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
1187
# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
1189
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1190
Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
1191
Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1192
Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
1193
Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
1194
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1195
Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
1196
5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
1197
6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1198
5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1199
5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
1202
###############################################################################
1204
# Korea (North and South)
1206
# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
1207
# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
1208
# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
1209
# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
1210
# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
1211
# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
1213
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1214
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1215
Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
1216
Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1217
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1218
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1220
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1221
Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
1225
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1226
8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
1229
Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
1233
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1234
8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
1237
###############################################################################
1240
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1241
# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14):
1242
# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded
1243
# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in
1244
# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba.
1245
# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>.
1246
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
1247
# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen,
1248
# so for now we assume no DST.
1249
Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
1253
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1254
Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1255
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1261
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1262
Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
1263
Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
1264
Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1265
Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1266
Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1267
Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1268
Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1269
Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1270
Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1271
Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1272
Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1273
Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1274
Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1275
Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1276
Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1277
Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1278
Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1279
Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1280
Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1281
Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1282
Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1283
Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1284
Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1285
Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1286
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1287
Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1291
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1292
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1293
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1295
# peninsular Malaysia
1296
# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1297
# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1298
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1299
Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1300
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1301
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1302
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1303
7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1304
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1305
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1306
7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
1307
8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1309
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1310
# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1311
# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
1312
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1313
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
1314
7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
1315
8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
1316
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1317
8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
1321
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1322
Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1323
4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1324
5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
1328
# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
1329
# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
1330
# both say that it has just one.
1332
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1333
# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
1334
# General Information Mongolia
1336
# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1337
# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1338
# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1341
# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1342
# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1343
# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1344
# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1345
# of implementation may have been different....
1346
# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1347
# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1348
# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
1350
# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1351
# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1352
# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1353
# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1354
# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1355
# is good enough for our purposes.
1357
# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1358
# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1359
# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1360
# there are three time zones.
1362
# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1363
# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
1364
# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
1365
# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
1367
# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1369
# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
1370
# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
1371
# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
1372
# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
1374
# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
1375
# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
1376
# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
1378
# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1379
# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
1380
# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
1381
# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
1382
# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that
1383
# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
1384
# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
1385
# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
1387
# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
1388
# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
1389
# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
1390
# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
1391
# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
1392
# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
1393
# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
1394
# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
1396
# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
1397
# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
1398
# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
1399
# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742
1401
# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30):
1402
# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
1403
# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
1404
# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
1405
# database on this, e.g.:
1407
# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026">
1408
# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
1410
# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx">
1411
# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
1414
# both say GMT+08:00.
1416
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
1417
# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
1419
# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112">
1420
# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
1422
# (click the English flag for English)
1424
# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive
1425
# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
1426
# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern
1427
# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are
1428
# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
1429
# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
1431
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1432
# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
1433
# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
1434
# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
1435
# this is almost surely wrong.
1437
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1438
Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1439
Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1440
# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
1441
# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
1442
# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
1444
# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
1445
# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
1446
# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
1447
# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
1448
# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
1449
# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
1451
Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1452
Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1453
# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1454
Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1455
Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
1456
Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1458
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1459
# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1460
Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
1461
6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
1463
# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1464
Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
1465
7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
1467
# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
1468
# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1469
Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1471
8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1472
9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
1476
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1477
Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1479
5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1482
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1483
Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
1488
# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1489
# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1490
# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1491
# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1492
# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1493
# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1495
# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1496
# Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
1497
# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1498
# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1499
# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1500
# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1501
# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1502
# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1503
# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1504
# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1505
# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1507
# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
1508
# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
1509
# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
1511
# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
1512
# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
1513
# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
1515
# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
1516
# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
1517
# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
1518
# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
1520
# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
1521
# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
1523
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
1525
# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
1526
# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
1528
# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
1529
# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
1530
# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
1533
# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html">
1534
# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
1537
# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4">
1538
# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
1541
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1542
# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
1544
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
1545
# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
1546
# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
1547
# instead of August 31.
1549
# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html">
1550
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
1553
# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html">
1554
# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
1557
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1558
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
1559
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
1560
Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1561
Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1562
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1563
Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
1565
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
1566
5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
1567
5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
1568
5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
1572
# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
1574
# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
1575
# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
1576
# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
1578
# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
1579
# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
1580
# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
1583
# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
1584
# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
1585
# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
1586
# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
1587
# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
1590
# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
1591
# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
1592
# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
1593
# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
1594
# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1596
# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1597
# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1598
# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1599
# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1600
# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1603
# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1605
# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1606
# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1607
# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1608
# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1609
# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1611
# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1614
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1615
# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
1616
# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1617
# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1618
# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1619
# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1620
# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1621
# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1622
# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1623
# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1624
# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1626
# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1627
# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1629
# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1630
# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1631
# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1632
# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1634
# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1635
# Daoud Kuttab writes in
1636
# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1638
# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1639
# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1640
# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1641
# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1642
# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1644
# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
1645
# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
1647
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
1648
# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
1649
# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
1650
# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
1651
# earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
1653
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
1654
# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
1655
# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
1656
# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
1657
# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
1658
# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
1661
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
1662
# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
1663
# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5
1664
# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule
1665
# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
1666
# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
1667
# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
1668
# because of the Ramadan.
1670
# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
1671
# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
1672
# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
1674
# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
1675
# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
1676
# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit
1677
# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree.
1678
# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be
1679
# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00.
1681
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
1682
# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
1684
# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
1685
# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
1687
# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001">
1688
# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
1690
# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087">
1691
# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
1694
# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html">
1695
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
1698
# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1699
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1700
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1701
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1702
Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1703
Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1704
Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1705
Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1707
Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1708
Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1709
Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
1710
Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
1711
Rule Palestine 2006 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1712
Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
1713
Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 -
1714
Rule Palestine 2008 max - Aug lastThu 2:00 0 -
1716
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1717
Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1718
2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1719
2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1721
2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1722
2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1728
# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
1729
# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
1730
# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
1731
# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
1732
# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
1734
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
1735
# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
1736
# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
1737
# rainy season begins. See
1738
# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
1739
# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
1741
# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
1742
# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
1743
# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
1744
# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
1747
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1748
Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1749
Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1750
Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1751
Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1752
Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1753
Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1754
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1755
Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
1756
8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1757
8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1762
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1763
Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
1768
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1769
Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1773
# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1774
# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1775
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1776
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1777
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1778
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1779
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1780
7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1781
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1782
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1783
7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1784
7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
1791
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1792
# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1793
# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1794
# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1795
# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1796
# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1798
# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1800
# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1801
# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1803
# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1804
# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1806
# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
1807
# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
1808
# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
1809
# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
1811
# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
1812
# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
1813
# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
1814
# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
1815
# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
1816
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
1817
# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
1818
# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
1820
# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
1821
# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
1822
# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
1823
# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
1824
# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
1826
# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
1827
# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
1828
# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
1830
# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
1831
# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
1832
# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
1835
# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
1836
# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
1837
# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
1838
# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
1839
# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
1841
# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
1842
# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
1845
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
1846
# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
1847
# and then see what people actually say in practice.
1849
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1850
Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1851
5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1852
5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1853
5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1854
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1855
5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1856
6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1857
6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
1861
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1862
Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1863
Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1864
Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1865
Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1866
Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1867
Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1868
Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1869
Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1870
Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1871
Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1872
Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1873
Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1874
Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1875
Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1876
Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1877
Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1878
Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1879
Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1880
Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1881
Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1882
Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1883
Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1884
Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1885
Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1886
Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1887
Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1888
Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1889
Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1890
# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1891
# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1892
# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1893
# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
1894
# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger,
1895
# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
1896
Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1897
Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1898
Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1899
Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1900
# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
1901
# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC]
1902
# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt.
1903
Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
1904
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
1905
# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
1906
# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
1907
Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
1908
# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27):
1909
# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
1910
# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or
1911
# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than
1912
# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
1913
# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
1914
# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
1916
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
1917
# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote:
1919
# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
1920
# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
1922
# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
1923
# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247
1925
# which using Google's translate tools says:
1926
# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on
1927
# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th
1928
# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
1929
Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1931
# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
1932
# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
1933
# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
1935
# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
1936
# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
1939
# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
1940
# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300
1941
# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
1943
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
1944
# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
1946
# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm">
1947
# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
1948
# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
1949
# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
1950
# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
1951
# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
1952
# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
1954
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
1955
# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
1956
# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
1957
# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
1958
# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
1960
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
1961
# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year,
1962
# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA).
1964
# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to
1965
# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
1966
# clocks back 60 minutes).
1968
# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm">
1969
# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm
1972
Rule Syria 2008 max - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1973
Rule Syria 2008 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1975
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1976
Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
1980
# From Shanks & Pottenger.
1981
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1982
Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1983
5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1984
6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1985
5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1986
5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1989
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1990
Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1991
6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1995
# From Shanks & Pottenger.
1996
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1997
Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
1998
4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1999
5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2000
4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
2001
4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
2004
# United Arab Emirates
2005
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2006
Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
2010
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2011
Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2012
4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
2013
5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
2014
5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
2015
6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
2016
5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2017
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2019
Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2020
5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
2021
6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2022
5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2023
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2028
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2029
# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City";
2030
# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
2032
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
2033
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2034
Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
2035
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
2041
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2042
Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
added
removed
src/timezone/data/asia
