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<div class="section" id="module-platform">
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<span id="platform-access-to-underlying-platform-s-identifying-data"></span><h1>16.14. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-platform" title="platform: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">platform</span></code></a> — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data<a class="headerlink" href="#module-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/3.5/Lib/platform.py">Lib/platform.py</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p class="last">Specific platforms listed alphabetically, with Linux included in the Unix
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<div class="section" id="cross-platform">
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<h2>16.14.1. Cross Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#cross-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.architecture">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">architecture</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>executable=sys.executable</em>, <em>bits=''</em>, <em>linkage=''</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.architecture" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Queries the given executable (defaults to the Python interpreter binary) for
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various architecture information.</p>
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<p>Returns a tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(bits,</span> <span class="pre">linkage)</span></code> which contain information about the bit
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architecture and the linkage format used for the executable. Both values are
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returned as strings.</p>
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<p>Values that cannot be determined are returned as given by the parameter presets.
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If bits is given as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></code>, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sizeof(pointer)</span></code> (or
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<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sizeof(long)</span></code> on Python version < 1.5.2) is used as indicator for the
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supported pointer size.</p>
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<p>The function relies on the system’s <code class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></code> command to do the actual work.
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This is available on most if not all Unix platforms and some non-Unix platforms
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and then only if the executable points to the Python interpreter. Reasonable
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defaults are used when the above needs are not met.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>On Mac OS X (and perhaps other platforms), executable files may be
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universal files containing multiple architectures.</p>
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<p>To get at the “64-bitness” of the current interpreter, it is more
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reliable to query the <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.maxsize" title="sys.maxsize"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.maxsize</span></code></a> attribute:</p>
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<div class="last highlight-python3"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">is_64bits</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">maxsize</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">32</span>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.machine">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">machine</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.machine" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the machine type, e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'i386'</span></code>. An empty string is returned if the
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value cannot be determined.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.node">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">node</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.node" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the computer’s network name (may not be fully qualified!). An empty
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string is returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.platform">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">platform</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>aliased=0</em>, <em>terse=0</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.platform" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a single string identifying the underlying platform with as much useful
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information as possible.</p>
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<p>The output is intended to be <em>human readable</em> rather than machine parseable. It
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may look different on different platforms and this is intended.</p>
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<p>If <em>aliased</em> is true, the function will use aliases for various platforms that
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report system names which differ from their common names, for example SunOS will
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be reported as Solaris. The <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.system_alias" title="platform.system_alias"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">system_alias()</span></code></a> function is used to implement
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<p>Setting <em>terse</em> to true causes the function to return only the absolute minimum
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information needed to identify the platform.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.processor">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">processor</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.processor" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the (real) processor name, e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'amdk6'</span></code>.</p>
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<p>An empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined. Note that many
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platforms do not provide this information or simply return the same value as for
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<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.machine" title="platform.machine"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">machine()</span></code></a>. NetBSD does this.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_build">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_build</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_build" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(buildno,</span> <span class="pre">builddate)</span></code> stating the Python build number and
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_compiler">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_compiler</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_compiler" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the compiler used for compiling Python.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_branch">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_branch</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_branch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM branch.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_implementation">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_implementation</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_implementation" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation. Possible return values
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are: ‘CPython’, ‘IronPython’, ‘Jython’, ‘PyPy’.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_revision">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_revision</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_revision" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM revision.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_version">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_version</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the Python version as string <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'major.minor.patchlevel'</span></code>.</p>
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<p>Note that unlike the Python <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.version</span></code>, the returned value will always
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include the patchlevel (it defaults to 0).</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.python_version_tuple">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">python_version_tuple</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.python_version_tuple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the Python version as tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(major,</span> <span class="pre">minor,</span> <span class="pre">patchlevel)</span></code> of strings.</p>
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<p>Note that unlike the Python <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys.version</span></code>, the returned value will always
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include the patchlevel (it defaults to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'0'</span></code>).</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.release">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">release</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.release" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the system’s release, e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'2.2.0'</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'NT'</span></code> An empty string is
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returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.system">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">system</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.system" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the system/OS name, e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Linux'</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Windows'</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Java'</span></code>. An
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empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.system_alias">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">system_alias</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>system</em>, <em>release</em>, <em>version</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.system_alias" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(system,</span> <span class="pre">release,</span> <span class="pre">version)</span></code> aliased to common marketing names used
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for some systems. It also does some reordering of the information in some cases
238
where it would otherwise cause confusion.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.version">
243
<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">version</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Returns the system’s release version, e.g. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'#3</span> <span class="pre">on</span> <span class="pre">degas'</span></code>. An empty string is
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returned if the value cannot be determined.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.uname">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">uname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.uname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Fairly portable uname interface. Returns a <a class="reference internal" href="collections.html#collections.namedtuple" title="collections.namedtuple"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">namedtuple()</span></code></a>
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containing six attributes: <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.system" title="platform.system"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">system</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.node" title="platform.node"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">node</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.release" title="platform.release"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">release</span></code></a>,
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<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.version" title="platform.version"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">version</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.machine" title="platform.machine"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">machine</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.processor" title="platform.processor"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">processor</span></code></a>.</p>
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<p>Note that this adds a sixth attribute (<a class="reference internal" href="#platform.processor" title="platform.processor"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">processor</span></code></a>) not present
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in the <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.uname" title="os.uname"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">os.uname()</span></code></a> result. Also, the attribute names are different
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for the first two attributes; <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.uname" title="os.uname"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">os.uname()</span></code></a> names them
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<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">sysname</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">nodename</span></code>.</p>
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<p>Entries which cannot be determined are set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></code>.</p>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 3.3: </span>Result changed from a tuple to a namedtuple.</p>
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<div class="section" id="java-platform">
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<h2>16.14.2. Java Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#java-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.java_ver">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">java_ver</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>release=''</em>, <em>vendor=''</em>, <em>vminfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em>, <em>osinfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.java_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Version interface for Jython.</p>
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<p>Returns a tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(release,</span> <span class="pre">vendor,</span> <span class="pre">vminfo,</span> <span class="pre">osinfo)</span></code> with <em>vminfo</em> being a
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tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(vm_name,</span> <span class="pre">vm_release,</span> <span class="pre">vm_vendor)</span></code> and <em>osinfo</em> being a tuple
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<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(os_name,</span> <span class="pre">os_version,</span> <span class="pre">os_arch)</span></code>. Values which cannot be determined are set to
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the defaults given as parameters (which all default to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></code>).</p>
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<div class="section" id="windows-platform">
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<h2>16.14.3. Windows Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#windows-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.win32_ver">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">win32_ver</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>release=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>csd=''</em>, <em>ptype=''</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.win32_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Get additional version information from the Windows Registry and return a tuple
284
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(release,</span> <span class="pre">version,</span> <span class="pre">csd,</span> <span class="pre">ptype)</span></code> referring to OS release, version number,
285
CSD level (service pack) and OS type (multi/single processor).</p>
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<p>As a hint: <em>ptype</em> is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Uniprocessor</span> <span class="pre">Free'</span></code> on single processor NT machines
287
and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">'Multiprocessor</span> <span class="pre">Free'</span></code> on multi processor machines. The <em>‘Free’</em> refers
288
to the OS version being free of debugging code. It could also state <em>‘Checked’</em>
289
which means the OS version uses debugging code, i.e. code that checks arguments,
291
<div class="admonition note">
292
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
293
<p class="last">This function works best with Mark Hammond’s
294
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32all</span></code> package installed, but also on Python 2.3 and
295
later (support for this was added in Python 2.6). It obviously
296
only runs on Win32 compatible platforms.</p>
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<div class="section" id="win95-98-specific">
301
<h3>16.14.3.1. Win95/98 specific<a class="headerlink" href="#win95-98-specific" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
302
<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.popen">
304
<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">popen</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>cmd</em>, <em>mode='r'</em>, <em>bufsize=-1</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.popen" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Portable <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.popen" title="platform.popen"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">popen()</span></code></a> interface. Find a working popen implementation
306
preferring <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32pipe.popen()</span></code>. On Windows NT, <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">win32pipe.popen()</span></code>
307
should work; on Windows 9x it hangs due to bugs in the MS C library.</p>
308
<div class="deprecated">
309
<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 3.3: </span>This function is obsolete. Use the <a class="reference internal" href="subprocess.html#module-subprocess" title="subprocess: Subprocess management."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code></a> module. Check
310
especially the <a class="reference internal" href="subprocess.html#subprocess-replacements"><span>Replacing Older Functions with the subprocess Module</span></a> section.</p>
316
<div class="section" id="mac-os-platform">
317
<h2>16.14.4. Mac OS Platform<a class="headerlink" href="#mac-os-platform" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
318
<dl class="function">
319
<dt id="platform.mac_ver">
320
<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">mac_ver</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>release=''</em>, <em>versioninfo=(''</em>, <em>''</em>, <em>'')</em>, <em>machine=''</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.mac_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Get Mac OS version information and return it as tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(release,</span> <span class="pre">versioninfo,</span>
322
<span class="pre">machine)</span></code> with <em>versioninfo</em> being a tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(version,</span> <span class="pre">dev_stage,</span>
323
<span class="pre">non_release_version)</span></code>.</p>
324
<p>Entries which cannot be determined are set to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">''</span></code>. All tuple entries are
329
<div class="section" id="unix-platforms">
330
<h2>16.14.5. Unix Platforms<a class="headerlink" href="#unix-platforms" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
331
<dl class="function">
332
<dt id="platform.dist">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">dist</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>distname=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>id=''</em>, <em>supported_dists=('SuSE'</em>, <em>'debian'</em>, <em>'redhat'</em>, <em>'mandrake'</em>, <em>...)</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.dist" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>This is another name for <a class="reference internal" href="#platform.linux_distribution" title="platform.linux_distribution"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">linux_distribution()</span></code></a>.</p>
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<div class="deprecated-removed">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 3.5, will be removed in version 3.7.</span></p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.linux_distribution">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">linux_distribution</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>distname=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>id=''</em>, <em>supported_dists=('SuSE'</em>, <em>'debian'</em>, <em>'redhat'</em>, <em>'mandrake'</em>, <em>...)</em>, <em>full_distribution_name=1</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.linux_distribution" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Tries to determine the name of the Linux OS distribution name.</p>
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<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">supported_dists</span></code> may be given to define the set of Linux distributions to
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look for. It defaults to a list of currently supported Linux distributions
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identified by their release file name.</p>
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<p>If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full_distribution_name</span></code> is true (default), the full distribution read
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from the OS is returned. Otherwise the short name taken from
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<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">supported_dists</span></code> is used.</p>
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<p>Returns a tuple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(distname,version,id)</span></code> which defaults to the args given as
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parameters. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">id</span></code> is the item in parentheses after the version number. It
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is usually the version codename.</p>
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<div class="deprecated-removed">
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<p><span class="versionmodified">Deprecated since version 3.5, will be removed in version 3.7.</span></p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="platform.libc_ver">
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<code class="descclassname">platform.</code><code class="descname">libc_ver</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>executable=sys.executable</em>, <em>lib=''</em>, <em>version=''</em>, <em>chunksize=2048</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#platform.libc_ver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Tries to determine the libc version against which the file executable (defaults
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to the Python interpreter) is linked. Returns a tuple of strings <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(lib,</span>
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<span class="pre">version)</span></code> which default to the given parameters in case the lookup fails.</p>
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<p>Note that this function has intimate knowledge of how different libc versions
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add symbols to the executable is probably only usable for executables compiled
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using <strong class="program">gcc</strong>.</p>
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<p>The file is read and scanned in chunks of <em>chunksize</em> bytes.</p>
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<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">16.14. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">platform</span></code> — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cross-platform">16.14.1. Cross Platform</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#java-platform">16.14.2. Java Platform</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#windows-platform">16.14.3. Windows Platform</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#win95-98-specific">16.14.3.1. Win95/98 specific</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mac-os-platform">16.14.4. Mac OS Platform</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unix-platforms">16.14.5. Unix Platforms</a></li>
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