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<h1 class="chapter"> 38. Conjuntos </h1>
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<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC153">38.1 Introdução a Conjuntos</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC152">38.1 Introdução a Conjuntos</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC158">38.2 Funções e Variáveis Definidas para Conjuntos</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC157">38.2 Funções e Variáveis Definidas para Conjuntos</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<h2 class="section"> 38.1 Introdução a Conjuntos </h2>
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Maxima também define uma função delta de Kronecker.
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<h3 class="subsection"> 38.1.1 Utilização </h3>
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<pre class="example">(%i1) subset ({x + y + z, x - y + 4, x + y - 5}, lambda ([e], freeof (z, e)));
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(%o1) {- y + x + 4, y + x - 5}
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<p>A seção <a href="#SEC158">Funções e Variáveis Definidas para Conjuntos</a> passui uma lista completa das
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<p>A seção <a href="#SEC157">Funções e Variáveis Definidas para Conjuntos</a> passui uma lista completa das
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funções de conjunto no Maxima.
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<h3 class="subsection"> 38.1.2 Iterações entre Elementos de Conjuntos </h3>
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<code>first</code> e <code>rest</code> podem vir a funcionar diferentemente ou não completamente.
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<h3 class="subsection"> 38.1.3 Erros </h3>
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relate isso para a base de dados de falhas do Maxima. Veja <code>bug_report</code>.
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<h3 class="subsection"> 38.1.4 Autores </h3>
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<a name="Fun_00e7_00f5es-e-Vari_00e1veis-Definidas-para-Conjuntos"></a>
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<h2 class="section"> 38.2 Funções e Variáveis Definidas para Conjuntos </h2>
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<p><a name="cartesian_005fproduct"></a>
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<dt><u>Função:</u> <b>cartesian_product</b><i> (<var>b_1</var>, ... , <var>b_n</var>)</i>
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<a name="IDX1241"></a>
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<dd><p>Retorna um conjunto de listas da forma <code>[<var>x_1</var>, ..., <var>x_n</var>]</code>, onde
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<var>x_1</var>, ..., <var>x_n</var> são elementos dos conjuntos <var>b_1</var>, ... , <var>b_n</var>,
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(%o1) f(f(f(4, 1), 2), 3)
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<p><code>lreduce</code> aplicada a operadores de dois argumentos internos (já definidos por padrão) do Maxima.
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<code>//</code> é o operador de divisão.
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<code>/</code> é o operador de divisão.
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<pre class="example">(%i1) lreduce ("^", args ({a, b, c, d}));
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(%i2) lreduce ("/", args ({a, b, c, d}));
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(%o1) f(1, f(2, f(3, 4)))
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<p><code>rreduce</code> aplicada a operadores de dois argumentos internos ( definidos por padrão) ao Maxima.
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<code>/</code> é o operadro de divisão.
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<pre class="example">(%i1) rreduce ("^", args ({a, b, c, d}));
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(%i2) rreduce ("/", args ({a, b, c, d}));
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<pre class="example">(%i1) s: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}$
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(%i2) p: set_partitions (s, 3)$
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(%i3) cardinality(p) = stirling2 (6, 3);
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(%i4) cardinality(p) = stirling2 (6, 3);
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<p>Cada elemento de <code>p</code> pode ter <var>n</var> = 3 elementos; vamos verificar.
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<pre class="example">(%i1) s: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}$
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(%i2) p: set_partitions (s, 3)$
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(%i3) map (cardinality, p);
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(%i4) map (cardinality, p);
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<p>Finalmente, para cada elementos de <code>p</code>, a união de seus elementos possivelmente será
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igua a <code>s</code>; novamente vamos comprovar.
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<pre class="example">(%i1) s: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}$
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(%i2) p: set_partitions (s, 3)$
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(%i3) map (lambda ([x], apply (union, listify (x))), p);
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(%o3) {{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}}
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</pre></dd></dl>
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<p><a name="some"></a>
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<dt><u>Função:</u> <b>some</b><i> (<var>f</var>, <var>a</var>)</i>
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<a name="IDX1284"></a>
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<a name="IDX1285"></a>
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<dt><u>Função:</u> <b>some</b><i> (<var>f</var>, <var>L_1</var>, ..., <var>L_n</var>)</i>
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<a name="IDX1285"></a>
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<a name="IDX1286"></a>
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<dd><p>Retorna <code>true</code> se o predicado <var>f</var> for <code>true</code> para um ou mais argumentos dados.
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