1
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>13.6.�Using MEncoder to create VCD/SVCD/DVD-compliant files.</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="default.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="MPlayer - The Movie Player"><link rel="up" href="encoding-guide.html" title="Chapter�13.�Encoding with MEncoder"><link rel="prev" href="menc-feat-x264.html" title="13.5.�Encoding with the x264 codec"><link rel="next" href="mailinglists.html" title="Appendix�A.�Mailing lists"><link rel="preface" href="howtoread.html" title="How to read this documentation"><link rel="chapter" href="intro.html" title="Chapter�1.�Introduction"><link rel="chapter" href="install.html" title="Chapter�2.�Installation"><link rel="chapter" href="usage.html" title="Chapter�3.�Usage"><link rel="chapter" href="cd-dvd.html" title="Chapter�4.�CD/DVD usage"><link rel="chapter" href="faq.html" title="Chapter�5.�Frequently Asked Questions"><link rel="chapter" href="containers.html" title="Chapter�6.�Containers"><link rel="chapter" href="codecs.html" title="Chapter�7.�Codecs"><link rel="chapter" href="video.html" title="Chapter�8.�Video output devices"><link rel="chapter" href="audio.html" title="Chapter�9.�Audio output devices"><link rel="chapter" href="tv.html" title="Chapter�10.�TV"><link rel="chapter" href="ports.html" title="Chapter�11.�Ports"><link rel="chapter" href="mencoder.html" title="Chapter�12.�Basic usage of MEncoder"><link rel="chapter" href="encoding-guide.html" title="Chapter�13.�Encoding with MEncoder"><link rel="appendix" href="mailinglists.html" title="Appendix�A.�Mailing lists"><link rel="appendix" href="bugreports.html" title="Appendix�B.�How to report bugs"><link rel="appendix" href="bugs.html" title="Appendix�C.�Known bugs"><link rel="appendix" href="skin.html" title="Appendix�D.�MPlayer skin format"><link rel="appendix" href="users-vs-dev.html" title="Appendix�E.�Developer cries"><link rel="subsection" href="menc-feat-vcd-dvd.html#menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints" title="13.6.1.�Format Constraints"><link rel="subsection" href="menc-feat-vcd-dvd.html#menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output" title="13.6.2.�Output Options"><link rel="subsection" href="menc-feat-vcd-dvd.html#menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc" title="13.6.3.�Using libavcodec for VCD/SVCD/DVD Encoding"><link rel="subsection" href="menc-feat-vcd-dvd.html#menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio" title="13.6.4.�Encoding Audio"><link rel="subsection" href="menc-feat-vcd-dvd.html#menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all" title="13.6.5.�Putting it all Together"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">13.6.�Using MEncoder to create VCD/SVCD/DVD-compliant files.</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="menc-feat-x264.html">Prev</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter�13.�Encoding with <span class="application">MEncoder</span></th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="mailinglists.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd"></a>13.6.�Using MEncoder to create VCD/SVCD/DVD-compliant files.</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints"></a>13.6.1.�Format Constraints</h3></div></div></div><p>
2
<span class="application">MEncoder</span> is capable of creating VCD, SCVD
3
and DVD format MPEG files using the
4
<code class="systemitem">libavcodec</code> library.
5
These files can then be used in conjunction with
6
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/vcdimager/vcdimager.html" target="_top">vcdimager</a>
8
<a href="http://dvdauthor.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">dvdauthor</a>
9
to create discs that will play on a standard set-top player.
11
The DVD, SVCD, and VCD formats are subject to heavy constraints.
12
Only a small selection of encoded picture sizes and aspect ratios are
14
If your movie does not already meet these requirements, you may have
15
to scale,crop or add black borders to the picture to make it
17
</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-resolution"></a>13.6.1.1.�Format Constraints</h4></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col><col><col><col><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Format</th><th>Resolution</th><th>V. Codec</th><th>V. Bitrate</th><th>Sample Rate</th><th>A. Codec</th><th>A. Bitrate</th><th>FPS</th><th>Aspect</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>NTSC DVD</td><td>720x480, 704x480, 352x480, 352x240</td><td>MPEG-2</td><td>9800 kbps</td><td>48000 Hz</td><td>AC3,PCM</td><td>1536 kbps (max)</td><td>30000/1001, 24000/1001</td><td>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x480)</td></tr><tr><td>NTSC DVD</td><td>352x240<sup>[<a name="fn-rare-resolutions" href="#ftn.fn-rare-resolutions">a</a>]</sup></td><td>MPEG-1</td><td>1856 kbps</td><td>48000 Hz</td><td>AC3,PCM</td><td>1536 kbps (max)</td><td>30000/1001, 24000/1001</td><td>4:3, 16:9</td></tr><tr><td>NTSC SVCD</td><td>480x480</td><td>MPEG-2</td><td>2600 kbps</td><td>44100 Hz</td><td>MP2</td><td>384 kbps (max)</td><td>30000/1001</td><td>4:3</td></tr><tr><td>NTSC VCD</td><td>352x240</td><td>MPEG-1</td><td>1150 kbps</td><td>44100 Hz</td><td>MP2</td><td>224 kbps</td><td>24000/1001, 30000/1001</td><td>4:3</td></tr><tr><td>PAL DVD</td><td>720x576, 704x576, 352x576, 352x288</td><td>MPEG-2</td><td>9800 kbps</td><td>48000 Hz</td><td>MP2,AC3,PCM</td><td>1536 kbps (max)</td><td>25</td><td>4:3, 16:9 (only for 720x576)</td></tr><tr><td>PAL DVD</td><td>352x288<sup>[<a href="#ftn.fn-rare-resolutions">a</a>]</sup></td><td>MPEG-1</td><td>1856 kbps</td><td>48000 Hz</td><td>MP2,AC3,PCM</td><td>1536 kbps (max)</td><td>25</td><td>4:3, 16:9</td></tr><tr><td>PAL SVCD</td><td>480x576</td><td>MPEG-2</td><td>2600 kbps</td><td>44100 Hz</td><td>MP2</td><td>384 kbps (max)</td><td>25</td><td>4:3</td></tr><tr><td>PAL VCD</td><td>352x288</td><td>MPEG-1</td><td>1152 kbps</td><td>44100 Hz</td><td>MP2</td><td>224 kbps</td><td>25</td><td>4:3</td></tr></tbody><tbody class="footnotes"><tr><td colspan="9"><div class="footnote"><p><sup>[<a name="ftn.fn-rare-resolutions" href="#fn-rare-resolutions">a</a>] </sup>
18
These resolutions are rarely used for DVDs because
19
they are fairly low quality.</p></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>
20
If your movie has 2.35:1 aspect (most recent action movies), you will
21
have to add black borders or crop the movie down to 16:9 to make a DVD
23
If you add black borders, try to align them at 16-pixel boundaries in
24
order to minimize the impact on encoding performance.
25
Thankfully DVD has sufficiently excessive bitrate that you do not have
26
to worry too much about encoding efficiency, but SVCD and VCD are
27
highly bitrate-starved and require effort to obtain acceptable quality.
28
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-gop"></a>13.6.1.2.�GOP Size Constraints</h4></div></div></div><p>
29
DVD, VCD, and SVCD also constrain you to relatively low
30
GOP (Group of Pictures) sizes.
31
For 30 fps material the largest allowed GOP size is 18.
32
For 25 or 24 fps, the maximum is 15.
33
The GOP size is set using the <tt class="option">keyint</tt> option.
34
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-constraints-bitrate"></a>13.6.1.3.�Bitrate Constraints</h4></div></div></div><p>
35
VCD video is required to be CBR at 1152 kbps.
36
This highly limiting constraint also comes along with an extremly low vbv
37
buffer size of 327 kilobits.
38
SVCD allows varying video bitrates up to 2500 kbps, and a somewhat less
39
restrictive vbv buffer size of 917 kilobits is allowed.
40
DVD video bitrates may range anywhere up to 9800 kbps (though typical
41
bitrates are about half that), and the vbv buffer size is 1835 kilobits.
42
</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output"></a>13.6.2.�Output Options</h3></div></div></div><p>
43
<span class="application">MEncoder</span> has options to control the output
45
Using these options we can instruct it to create the correct type of
48
The options for VCD and SVCD are called xvcd and xsvcd, because they
50
They are not strictly compliant, mainly because the output does not
52
If you need to generate an SVCD image, you should pass the output file
54
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/vcdimager/vcdimager.html" target="_top">vcdimager</a>.
57
</p><pre class="screen">
58
-of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd
62
</p><pre class="screen">
63
-of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd
67
</p><pre class="screen">
68
-of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd
72
</p><pre class="screen">
73
-of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:telecine -ofps 24000/1001
75
This allows 24000/1001 fps progressive content to be encoded at 30000/1001
76
fps whilst maintaing DVD-compliance.
77
</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-aspect"></a>13.6.2.1.�Aspect Ratio</h4></div></div></div><p>
78
The aspect argument of <tt class="option">-lavcopts</tt> is used to encode
79
the aspect ratio of the file.
80
During playback the aspect ratio is used to restore the video to the
84
</p><pre class="screen">
89
</p><pre class="screen">
93
2.35:1 or "Cinemascope" NTSC
94
</p><pre class="screen">
95
-vf scale=720:368,expand=720:480 -lavcopts aspect=16/9
97
To calculate the correct scaling size, use the expanded NTSC width of
100
2.35:1 or "Cinemascope" PAL
101
</p><pre class="screen">
102
-vf scale="720:432,expand=720:576 -lavcopts aspect=16/9
104
To calculate the correct scaling size, use the expanded PAL width of
106
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-a-v-sync"></a>13.6.2.2.�Maintaining A/V sync</h4></div></div></div><p>
107
In order to maintain audio/video synchronization throughout the encode,
108
<span class="application">MEncoder</span> has to drop or duplicate frames.
109
This works rather well when muxing into an AVI file, but is almost
110
guaranteed to fail to maintain A/V sync with other muxers such as MPEG.
111
This is why it is necessary to append the
112
<tt class="option">harddup</tt> video filter at the end of the filter chain
113
to avoid this kind of problem.
114
You can find more technical information about <tt class="option">harddup</tt>
116
<a href="menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4.html#menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-muxing-filter-issues" title="13.1.12.1.�Improving muxing and A/V sync reliability">Improving muxing and A/V sync reliability</a>
117
or in the manual page.
118
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-output-srate"></a>13.6.2.3.�Sample Rate Conversion</h4></div></div></div><p>
119
If the audio sample rate in the original file is not the same as
120
required by the target format, sample rate conversion is required.
121
This is achieved using the <tt class="option">-srate</tt> option and
122
the <tt class="option">-af lavcresample</tt> audio filter together.
125
</p><pre class="screen">
126
-srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000
130
</p><pre class="screen">
131
-srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100
133
</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc"></a>13.6.3.�Using libavcodec for VCD/SVCD/DVD Encoding</h3></div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-intro"></a>13.6.3.1.�Introduction</h4></div></div></div><p>
134
<code class="systemitem">libavcodec</code> can be used to
135
create VCD/SVCD/DVD compliant video by using the appropriate options.
136
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-options"></a>13.6.3.2.�lavcopts</h4></div></div></div><p>
137
This is a list of fields in <tt class="option">-lavcopts</tt> that you may
138
be required to change in order to make a complaint movie for VCD, SVCD,
140
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
141
<span class="bold"><strong>acodec</strong></span>:
142
<tt class="option">mp2</tt> for VCD, SVCD, or PAL DVD;
143
<tt class="option">ac3</tt> is most commonly used for DVD.
144
PCM audio may also be used for DVD, but this is mostly a big waste of
146
Note that MP3 audio is not compliant for any of these formats, but
147
players often have no problem playing it anyway.
149
<span class="bold"><strong>abitrate</strong></span>:
150
224 for VCD; up to 384 for SVCD; up to 1536 for DVD, but commonly
151
used values range from 192 kbps for stereo to 384 kbps for 5.1 channel
154
<span class="bold"><strong>vcodec</strong></span>:
155
<tt class="option">mpeg1video</tt> for VCD;
156
<tt class="option">mpeg2video</tt> for SVCD;
157
<tt class="option">mpeg2video</tt> is usually used for DVD but you may also use
158
<tt class="option">mpeg1video</tt> for CIF resolutions.
160
<span class="bold"><strong>keyint</strong></span>:
161
Used to set the GOP size.
162
18 for 30fps material, or 15 for 25/24 fps material.
163
Commercial producers seem to prefer keyframe intervals of 12.
164
It is possible to make this much larger and still retain compatibility
166
A <tt class="option">keyint</tt> of 25 should never cause any problems.
168
<span class="bold"><strong>vrc_buf_size</strong></span>:
169
327 for VCD, 917 for SVCD, and 1835 for DVD.
171
<span class="bold"><strong>vrc_minrate</strong></span>:
172
1152, for VCD. May be left alone for SVCD and DVD.
174
<span class="bold"><strong>vrc_maxrate</strong></span>:
175
1152 for VCD; 2500 for SVCD; 9800 for DVD.
176
For SVCD and DVD, you might wish to use lower values depending on your
177
own personal preferences and requirements.
179
<span class="bold"><strong>vbitrate</strong></span>:
183
For the latter two formats, vbitrate should be set based on personal
185
For instance, if you insist on fitting 20 or so hours on a DVD, you
186
could use vbitrate=400.
187
The resulting video quality would probably be quite bad.
188
If you are trying to squeeze out the maximum possible quality on a DVD,
189
use vbitrate=9800, but be warned that this could constrain you to less
190
than an hour of video on a single-layer DVD.
191
</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-examples"></a>13.6.3.3.�Examples</h4></div></div></div><p>
192
This is a typical minimum set of <tt class="option">-lavcopts</tt> for
196
</p><pre class="screen">
197
-lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:\
198
vrc_maxrate=1152:vbitrate=1152:keyint=15:acodec=mp2
202
</p><pre class="screen">
203
-lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_maxrate=2500:vbitrate=1800:\
208
</p><pre class="screen">
209
-lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:\
212
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-lavc-advanced"></a>13.6.3.4.�Advanced Options</h4></div></div></div><p>
213
For higher quality encoding, you may also wish to add quality-enhancing
214
options to lavcopts, such as <tt class="option">trell</tt>,
215
<tt class="option">mbd=2</tt>, and others.
216
Note that <tt class="option">qpel</tt> and <tt class="option">v4mv</tt>, while often
217
useful with MPEG-4, are not usable with MPEG-1 or MPEG-2.
218
Also, if you are trying to make a very high quality DVD encode, it may
219
be useful to add <tt class="option">dc=10</tt> to lavcopts.
220
Doing so may help reduce the appearance of blocks in flat-colored areas.
221
Putting it all together, this is an example of a set of lavcopts for a
224
</p><pre class="screen">
225
-lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=8000:\
226
keyint=15:trell:mbd=2:precmp=2:subcmp=2:cmp=2:dia=-10:predia=-10:cbp:mv0:\
229
</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio"></a>13.6.4.�Encoding Audio</h3></div></div></div><p>
230
VCD and SVCD support MPEG-1 layer II audio, using one of
231
<code class="systemitem">toolame</code>,
232
<code class="systemitem">twolame</code>,
233
or <code class="systemitem">libavcodec</code>'s MP2 encoder.
234
The libavcodec MP2 is far from being as good as the other two libraries,
235
however it should always be available to use.
236
VCD only supports constant bitrate audio (CBR) whereas SVCD supports
237
variable bitrate (VBR), too.
238
Be careful when using VBR because some bad standalone players might not
241
For DVD audio, <code class="systemitem">libavcodec</code>'s
243
</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-toolame"></a>13.6.4.1.�toolame</h4></div></div></div><p>
245
</p><pre class="screen">
246
-oac toolame -toolameopts br=224
248
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-twolame"></a>13.6.4.2.�twolame</h4></div></div></div><p>
250
</p><pre class="screen">
251
-oac twolame -twolameopts br=224
253
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-audio-lavc"></a>13.6.4.3.�libavcodec</h4></div></div></div><p>
254
For DVD with 2 channel sound:
255
</p><pre class="screen">
256
-oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=ac3:abitrate=192
259
For DVD with 5.1 channel sound:
260
</p><pre class="screen">
261
-channels 6 -oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=ac3:abitrate=384
265
</p><pre class="screen">
266
-oac lavc -lavcopts acodec=mp2:abitrate=224
268
</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all"></a>13.6.5.�Putting it all Together</h3></div></div></div><p>
269
This section shows some complete commands for creating VCD/SVCD/DVD
271
</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-dvd"></a>13.6.5.1.�PAL DVD</h4></div></div></div><p>
272
</p><pre class="screen">
273
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -vf scale=720:576,\
274
harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:\
275
vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:keyint=15:acodec=ac3:\
276
abitrate=192:aspect=16/9 -ofps 25 \
277
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
279
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-dvd"></a>13.6.5.2.�NTSC DVD</h4></div></div></div><p>
280
</p><pre class="screen">
281
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -vf scale=720:480,\
282
harddup -srate 48000 -af lavcresample=48000 -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:\
283
vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:keyint=18:acodec=ac3:\
284
abitrate=192:aspect=16/9 -ofps 30000/1001 \
285
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
287
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-ac3-copy"></a>13.6.5.3.�PAL AVI Containing AC3 Audio to DVD</h4></div></div></div><p>
288
If the source already has AC3 audio, use -oac copy instead of re-encoding it.
289
</p><pre class="screen">
290
mencoder -oac copy -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd -vf scale=720:576,\
291
harddup -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:vrc_maxrate=9800:\
292
vbitrate=5000:keyint=15:aspect=16/9 -ofps 25 \
293
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
295
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-ac3-copy"></a>13.6.5.4.�NTSC AVI Containing AC3 Audio to DVD</h4></div></div></div><p>
296
If the source already has AC3 audio, and is NTSC @ 24000/1001 fps:
297
</p><pre class="screen">
298
mencoder -oac copy -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=dvd:telecine \
299
-vf scale=720:480,harddup -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg2video:vrc_buf_size=1835:\
300
vrc_maxrate=9800:vbitrate=5000:keyint=15:aspect=16/9 -ofps 24000/1001 \
301
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
303
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-svcd"></a>13.6.5.5.�PAL SVCD</h4></div></div></div><p>
304
</p><pre class="screen">
305
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd -vf \
306
scale=480:576,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \
307
vcodec=mpeg2video:mbd=2:keyint=15:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_minrate=600:\
308
vbitrate=2500:vrc_maxrate=2500:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ofps 25 \
309
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
311
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-svcd"></a>13.6.5.6.�NTSC SVCD</h4></div></div></div><p>
312
</p><pre class="screen">
313
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xsvcd -vf \
314
scale=480:480,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \
315
vcodec=mpeg2video:mbd=2:keyint=18:vrc_buf_size=917:vrc_minrate=600:\
316
vbitrate=2500:vrc_maxrate=2500:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ofps 30000/1001 \
317
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
319
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-pal-vcd"></a>13.6.5.7.�PAL VCD</h4></div></div></div><p>
320
</p><pre class="screen">
321
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd -vf \
322
scale=352:288,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \
323
vcodec=mpeg1video:keyint=15:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:vbitrate=1152:\
324
vrc_maxrate=1152:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ofps 25 \
325
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
327
</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="menc-feat-vcd-dvd-all-ntsc-vcd"></a>13.6.5.8.�NTSC VCD</h4></div></div></div><p>
328
</p><pre class="screen">
329
mencoder -oac lavc -ovc lavc -of mpeg -mpegopts format=xvcd -vf \
330
scale=352:240,harddup -srate 44100 -af lavcresample=44100 -lavcopts \
331
vcodec=mpeg1video:keyint=18:vrc_buf_size=327:vrc_minrate=1152:vbitrate=1152:\
332
vrc_maxrate=1152:acodec=mp2:abitrate=224 -ofps 30000/1001 \
333
-o <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.mpg</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>movie.avi</code></em>
335
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