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// ConditionalToNullCoalescingInspector.cs
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// Mike Krüger <mkrueger@xamarin.com>
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// Copyright (c) 2012 Xamarin <http://xamarin.com>
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// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using ICSharpCode.NRefactory.PatternMatching;
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namespace ICSharpCode.NRefactory.CSharp.Refactoring
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/// Checks for "a != null ? a : other"<expr>
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/// Converts to: "a ?? other"<expr>
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[IssueDescription("'?:' expression can be converted to '??' expression",
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Description="'?:' expression can be converted to '??' expression.",
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Category = IssueCategories.Opportunities,
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Severity = Severity.Suggestion)]
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public class ConditionalToNullCoalescingIssue : ICodeIssueProvider
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static readonly Pattern pattern = new Choice {
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// a != null ? a : other
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new ConditionalExpression(
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PatternHelper.CommutativeOperator(new AnyNode("a"), BinaryOperatorType.InEquality, new NullReferenceExpression()),
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new Backreference("a"),
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// a == null ? other : a
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new ConditionalExpression(
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PatternHelper.CommutativeOperator(new AnyNode("a"), BinaryOperatorType.Equality, new NullReferenceExpression()),
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new Backreference("a")
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public IEnumerable<CodeIssue> GetIssues(BaseRefactoringContext context)
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return new GatherVisitor(context, this).GetIssues();
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class GatherVisitor : GatherVisitorBase
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readonly ConditionalToNullCoalescingIssue inspector;
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public GatherVisitor (BaseRefactoringContext ctx, ConditionalToNullCoalescingIssue inspector) : base (ctx)
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this.inspector = inspector;
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public override void VisitConditionalExpression(ConditionalExpression conditionalExpression)
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Match m = pattern.Match(conditionalExpression);
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var a = m.Get<Expression>("a").Single();
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var other = m.Get<Expression>("other").Single();
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AddIssue(conditionalExpression, ctx.TranslateString("Convert to '??' expression"), script => {
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var expr = new BinaryOperatorExpression (a.Clone (), BinaryOperatorType.NullCoalescing, other.Clone ());
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script.Replace (conditionalExpression, expr);
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base.VisitConditionalExpression (conditionalExpression);