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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Using Removable Media</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../thunar.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Thunar Bestand Manager"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Thunar Bestand Manager"><link rel="prev" href="working-with-files-and-folders.html" title="Working with Files and Folders"><link rel="next" href="preferences.html" title="File Management Preferences"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Using Removable Media</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="working-with-files-and-folders.html">Terug</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="preferences.html">Volgende</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" title="Using Removable Media"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="using-removable-media"></a>Using Removable Media</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Accessing Removable Media"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="accessing-removable-media"></a>Accessing Removable Media</h3></div></div></div><p>
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Thunar supports removable media if it was built with support for <a class="ulink" href="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software_2fhal" target="_top">HAL</a>,
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or if you are using <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freebsd.org/" target="_top">FreeBSD</a>. Note however that on FreeBSD 6.0 or newer, it is
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suggested to use HAL rather than the native support provided by Thunar.
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</p><div class="sect3" title="Om Media te koppelen"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="to-mount-media"></a>Om Media te koppelen</h4></div></div></div><p>
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To <span class="emphasis"><em>mount</em></span> media is to make the file system of the media available for access. When you mount media, the
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file system of the media is attached as a subdirectory to your file system.
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To access media, insert the media in the appropriate device, or connect the new device to your computer (i.e. connect an USB
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stick to one of your USB ports). An object that represents the media is added to the side pane of the file manager. If
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<strong class="application"><code>xfdesktop</code></strong> is running and configured to display <span class="guilabel"><strong>File/launcher icons</strong></span> this
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object will also be added to your desktop.
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To actually mount the media, click on the object that represents the media. For example, to mount a floppy diskette,
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click on the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Floppy Drive</strong></span> object in the side pane. The file manager will now add the file system
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of the media to your file system hierarchy and display the contents of the floppy diskette in the main area.
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</p></div><div class="sect3" title="To Eject Media"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="to-eject-media"></a>To Eject Media</h4></div></div></div><p>
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If the drive for the media is a motorized drive (i.e. a CD-ROM drive), right-click on the media object in the side pane
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or on the desktop and choose <span class="guilabel"><strong>Eject Volume</strong></span>. The media is ejected from the drive after a few seconds.
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If the drive for the media is not motorized (i.e. a floppy drive or an USB stick), right-click on the media object and
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choose <span class="guilabel"><strong>Unmount Volume</strong></span>. After a short period of time, a notification will appear to inform you
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that it is now safe to remove the media or disconnect the drive from the computer.
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</p><div class="screenshot"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/removable-media-unmount.png" alt="Unmount notification"></div></div><p>
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However this notification will only be displayed if support for <strong class="application"><code>libnotify</code></strong> is enabled,
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and you have installed a notification daemon. A notification daemon for Xfce is available from the <a class="ulink" href="http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/applications/notification-daemon-xfce" target="_top">Xfce Goodies Project</a>.
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If notification support is not available, wait until the context menu disappears before you remove the media or disconnect
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Be aware that you cannot eject or unmount media that is still in use by one or more applications. Therefore if the file
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manager refuses to eject media, make sure you close all applications that were accessing the media, and be sure to also
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check command line applications running in <strong class="application"><code>Terminal</code></strong> windows.
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Make sure to unmount removable media before ejecting. Do not eject a diskette from the floppy drive before your unmount
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the diskette. Do not remove an USB stick before you unmount the flash drive. If you do not unmount the media first you
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might lose data or cause your system to crash.
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</p></div></div><div class="sect2" title="Management of Removable Drives and Media"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="management-of-removable-drives-and-media"></a>Management of Removable Drives and Media</h3></div></div></div><p>
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Thunar is also able to automatically manage removable drives and media if the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.foo-projects.org/~benny/projects/thunar-volman/index.html" target="_top">thunar-volman</a> package is installed on
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your system. Note however that this feature requires HAL support.
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Now, if HAL support is available and <strong class="application"><code>thunar-volman</code></strong> is installed on your system, you
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can choose to enable the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Volume Management</strong></span> feature of Thunar. Therefore, open the file
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manager preferences, go to the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Advanced</strong></span> page and check the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Enable Volume
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Management</strong></span> button.
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The next step is to customize the management of removable drives and media to your needs. Click on the
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<span class="guilabel"><strong>Configure</strong></span> link in the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Volume Management</strong></span> section, right below
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the button. The <span class="guilabel"><strong>Removable Drives and Media</strong></span> configuration dialog will be displayed.
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</p><div class="screenshot"><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/removable-drives-and-media.png" alt="Removable Drives and Media"></div></div><p>
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If you have used the <strong class="application"><code>gnome-volume-manager</code></strong> previously, you should feel right at
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home, because it was designed to look and behave similar to <strong class="application"><code>gnome-volume-manager</code></strong>.
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The preferences are divided by device categories to make it easy to locate the option for you specific
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The <span class="guilabel"><strong>Storage</strong></span> page contains the most important options. As the name suggests these
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options apply only to storage devices like external harddisk drives, USB sticks and CD-ROMs. The
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<span class="guilabel"><strong>Removable Storage</strong></span> options are described in detail below.
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</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><span class="guilabel"><strong>Mount removable drives when hot-plugged</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>
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Enable this option to automatically mount file systems on removable drives (i.e. external harddisk drives
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or USB sticks) when such drives are plugged into the computer.
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This option must be enabled for certain other features to work with removable drives. For example,
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if you disable this option, certain kinds of portable music players cannot be detected any more and
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so, even if you enabled the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Play music files when connected</strong></span> option on the
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<span class="guilabel"><strong>Multimedia</strong></span> page, the specified command will not be run when you hot-plug your
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portable music player.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="guilabel"><strong>Mount removable media when inserted</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>
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Enable this option to automatically mount file systems on removable media (i.e. CD-ROMs or DVDs)
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when you insert the media into the drive.
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This option must be enabled for certain other features to work with removable media. For example,
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if you disable this option, it is impossible to detect whether the removable media has auto-run
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capabilities, and so the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</strong></span> option
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has no effect for removable media.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="guilabel"><strong>Browse removable media when inserted</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>
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Enable this option to automatically display the content of newly inserted media in the file manager.
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Note however, that the contents will only be displayed if no other action was possible or you
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choose to ignore the other possible actions. For example, if you insert a CD-ROM with auto-run
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capabilities and the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</strong></span> option is
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enabled, you will be prompted whether you want to allow or ignore the auto-run. If you choose
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to ignore the auto-run the contents will be displayed in the file manager.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="guilabel"><strong>Auto-run programs on new drives and media</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>
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Enable this option to make use of auto-run capabilities of certain removable drives and media. See
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the <a class="ulink" href="http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-0.5.html" target="_top">Desktop
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Application Autostart Specification</a> for details about the auto-run mechanism. To enhance security,
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you will always be prompted to confirm the auto-run.
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If the Windows emulator <a class="ulink" href="http://www.winehq.org/" target="_top">WINE</a> is installed on your
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system, the auto-run mechanism will also try to run <code class="filename">autorun.exe</code> files using WINE.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="guilabel"><strong>Auto-open files on new drives and media</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>
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Enable this option to make of auto-open capabilities of certain removable drives and media. See
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the <a class="ulink" href="http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-0.5.html" target="_top">Desktop
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Application Autostart Specification</a> for details about the auto-open mechanism. To enhance security,
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you will always be prompted to confirm the auto-open.
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</p></dd></dl></div><p>
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The remaining options allow you to specify a command to run when a certain kind of media is inserted into a drive
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or a certain kind of external device is connected. The command can use three special variables, that will be
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substituted when the command is run:
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</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">%d</code></span></dt><dd><p>
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Each appearance of <code class="literal">%d</code> in the command will be substituted with the device file path of
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the newly added device. For example, if you have plugged in an USB stick, the device file path will be
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<code class="filename">/dev/da0s1</code> or <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>.
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If no device file is associated with the device or the device file could not be found for some reason,
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the variable <code class="literal">%d</code> will be substituted with the empty string.
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">%h</code></span></dt><dd><p>
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Each appearance of <code class="literal">%h</code> in the command will be substituted with the HAL UDI of the newly
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</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">%m</code></span></dt><dd><p>
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Each appearance of <code class="literal">%m</code> in the command will be substituted with the mount point where
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the newly added device was mounted. If the device cannot be mounted (for example printers or keyboards)
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or if the automatic mounting was disabled, <code class="literal">%m</code> will be substituted with the empty
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</p></dd></dl></div><div class="sect3" title="Troubleshooting the Volume Manager"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="troubleshooting-the-volume-manager"></a>Troubleshooting the Volume Manager</h4></div></div></div><p>
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Useful tips to trouble shoot the volume manager in case it does not work as expected.
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</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
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Make sure <strong class="application"><code>Thunar</code></strong> is running as daemon. The volume manager depends
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on this, as it is not a daemon by itself. By default, Xfce
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automatically spawns <strong class="application"><code>Thunar</code></strong> as daemon on startup. If it got killed
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for some reason, open the <span class="guilabel"><strong>Run program</strong></span> (using the keyboard shortcut
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<span class="keycap"><strong>Alt</strong></span>+<span class="keycap"><strong>F2</strong></span> or right-click on the desktop
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and choose <span class="guilabel"><strong>Run Program...</strong></span> from the desktop menu), enter <code class="literal">Thunar
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--daemon</code> and click <span class="guibutton"><strong>Run</strong></span>.
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</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
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Try running <strong class="application"><code>thunar-volman</code></strong> from a <strong class="application"><code>Terminal</code></strong>
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window after hot-plugging the drive or inserting the media. First, you need to figure out the
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HAL UDI of the new device using <strong class="application"><code>lshal</code></strong> or <strong class="application"><code>hal-device</code></strong>.
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Once you know the UDI, run <code class="literal">thunar-volman --device-added <udi-of-your-device></code> in
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a <strong class="application"><code>Terminal</code></strong> window and watch the output for errors or warnings.
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</p></li></ol></div><p>
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If it still refuses to work, ask on the <a class="ulink" href="http://forum.xfce.org/" target="_top">Xfce Forum</a> or
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the <a class="ulink" href="http://foo-projects.org/mailman/listinfo/thunar-dev" target="_top">thunar-dev mailing list</a>
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