1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
3
<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
4
<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
5
<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
6
<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
7
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Dapper Drake">
8
<!ENTITY distro-rev "6.06 LTS">
9
<!ENTITY distro-release-date "June 2006">
10
<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.15">
11
<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.0.3">
12
<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.3.6">
13
<!ENTITY python-version "2.4.3">
14
<!-- AUTHORS --><!ENTITY author-ubuntu-documentation-project SYSTEM "../common/authors/ubuntu-documentation-project.xml">
15
<!ENTITY author-christoph-haas SYSTEM "../common/authors/christoph-haas.xml">
16
<!ENTITY author-alexander-poslavsky SYSTEM "../common/authors/alexander-poslavsky.xml">
17
<!ENTITY author-alan-hood SYSTEM "../common/authors/alan-hood.xml">
18
<!ENTITY author-johnathon-hornbeck SYSTEM "../common/authors/johnathon-hornbeck.xml">
19
<!ENTITY author-nick-loeve SYSTEM "../common/authors/nick-loeve.xml">
20
<!ENTITY author-gordon-ingram SYSTEM "../common/authors/gordon-ingram.xml">
21
<!ENTITY author-sean-wheller SYSTEM "../common/authors/sean-wheller.xml">
22
<!ENTITY author-enrico-zini SYSTEM "../common/authors/enrico-zini.xml">
23
<!ENTITY author-kevin-muligan SYSTEM "../common/authors/kevin-muligan.xml">
24
<!ENTITY author-ari-torhamo SYSTEM "../common/authors/ari-torhamo.xml">
25
<!ENTITY author-jeff-schering SYSTEM "../common/authors/jeff-schering.xml">
26
<!ENTITY author-corey-burger SYSTEM "../common/authors/corey-burger.xml">
27
<!ENTITY author-niel-tallim SYSTEM "../common/authors/niel-tallim.xml">
28
<!ENTITY author-henry-meyerding SYSTEM "../common/authors/henry-meyerding.xml">
29
<!ENTITY author-matthew-east SYSTEM "../common/authors/matthew-east.xml">
30
<!ENTITY author-jerome-gotangco SYSTEM "../common/authors/jerome-gotangco.xml">
31
<!ENTITY author-johnathan-jesse SYSTEM "../common/authors/johnathan-jesse.xml">
32
<!ENTITY author-greg-taylor SYSTEM "../common/authors/greg-taylor.xml">
33
<!ENTITY author-troy-williams SYSTEM "../common/authors/troy-williams.xml">
34
<!ENTITY author-matt-galvin SYSTEM "../common/authors/matt-galvin.xml">
35
<!ENTITY author-robert-stoffers SYSTEM "../common/authors/robert-stoffers.xml">
36
<!ENTITY author-jordan-mantha SYSTEM "../common/authors/jordan-mantha.xml">
37
<!ENTITY author-venkat-raghavan SYSTEM "../common/authors/venkat-raghavan.xml">
38
<!ENTITY author-brian-burger SYSTEM "../common/authors/brian-burger.xml">
39
<!ENTITY author-rocco-stanzione SYSTEM "../common/authors/rocco-stanzione.xml">
40
<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
41
<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
42
<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
43
<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0</ulink>'>
44
<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode/">
45
<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
46
<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
47
<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
48
<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
49
<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
50
<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
51
<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
52
<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
53
<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
54
<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
55
<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
56
<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
57
<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel #ubuntu">
58
<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
59
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
60
<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/supportoptions/paidsupport">
61
<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/supportoptions/freesupport">
62
<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
63
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
64
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
65
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
66
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
67
<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
68
<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
69
<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
70
<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
71
<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
72
<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
73
<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">
74
<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">
75
<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RestrictedFormats">
76
<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/XChatHowto">
77
<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RootSudo">
78
<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HowToGetHelp">
79
<!ENTITY transcode "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DVDRippingandEncoding">
80
<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Wine">
81
<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Cedega">
82
<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/NanoHowto">
83
<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
84
<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BasicCommands">
85
<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/FilePermissions">
86
<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
87
<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
88
<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
89
<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/breezy/">
90
<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-breezy/ship">
91
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
92
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
93
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
94
<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
95
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=68">
96
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums2 "http://kubuntuforums.net">
97
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "http://www.ubuntu.com/wiki/Kubuntu">
98
<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel kubuntu">
99
<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
100
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://wiki.kubuntu.com/UserDocumentation">
101
<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.freenode.net channel xubuntu">
102
<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
103
<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
104
<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
105
<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
106
<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
107
<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
108
<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
109
<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
110
<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
111
<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
112
<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
113
<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
114
<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
115
<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
116
<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
117
<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=306&slide=1">
118
<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
119
<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
120
<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
121
<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
122
<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
123
<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
124
<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
125
<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
126
<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
127
<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
128
<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
129
<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
130
<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
131
<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
132
<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
133
<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
134
<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
135
<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
136
<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
137
<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
138
<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
139
<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
140
<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
141
<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
142
<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
143
<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
144
<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
145
<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
146
<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
147
<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
148
<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
149
<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
150
<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
151
<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
152
<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
153
<!ENTITY Breton "br">
154
<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
155
<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
158
<!ENTITY Danish "da">
159
<!ENTITY German "de">
160
<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
162
<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
163
<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
164
<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
165
<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
166
<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
167
<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
168
<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
170
<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
171
<!ENTITY French "fr">
172
<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
174
<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
175
<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
176
<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
177
<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
178
<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
181
<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
182
<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
183
<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
184
<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
185
<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
186
<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
187
<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
188
<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
189
<!ENTITY Italian "it">
190
<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
191
<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
192
<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
193
<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
194
<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
195
<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
196
<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
197
<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
198
<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
199
<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
200
<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
201
<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
202
<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
204
<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
205
<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
206
<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
207
<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
208
<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
209
<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
211
<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
212
<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
213
<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
214
<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
215
<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
217
<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
218
<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
220
<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
222
<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
223
<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
227
<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
228
<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
229
<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
230
<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
231
<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
232
<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
233
<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
234
<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
235
<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
236
<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
237
<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
238
<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
239
<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
240
<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
241
<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
242
<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
243
<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
244
<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
245
<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
247
<!ENTITY Somali "so">
248
<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
249
<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
250
<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
251
<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
252
<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
253
<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
254
<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
256
<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
259
<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
260
<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
261
<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
262
<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
264
<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
265
<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
268
<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
271
<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
272
<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
275
<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
276
<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
278
<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
279
<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
280
<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
281
<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
282
<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
283
<!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../common/C/legalnotice.xml">
284
<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
285
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
286
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
287
<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
288
<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
289
<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
290
<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
291
<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
292
<!ENTITY % gnome-menus-C SYSTEM "../../../ubuntu/libs/gnome-menus-C.ent">
293
<!-- MENUS --><!-- Please keep entries alphabetical, it makes them much easier to find & use --><!ENTITY about-me SYSTEM "../menus/C/about-me.xml">
294
<!ENTITY accessories SYSTEM "../menus/C/accessories.xml">
295
<!ENTITY acro-read SYSTEM "../menus/C/acro-read.xml">
296
<!ENTITY administration SYSTEM "../menus/C/administration.xml">
297
<!ENTITY amule SYSTEM "../menus/C/amule.xml">
298
<!ENTITY archive-man SYSTEM "../menus/C/archive-man.xml">
299
<!ENTITY assistive-technology-preferences SYSTEM "../menus/C/assistive-technology-preferences.xml">
300
<!ENTITY azureus SYSTEM "../menus/C/azureus.xml">
301
<!ENTITY blender3d SYSTEM "../menus/C/blender3d.xml">
302
<!ENTITY boot SYSTEM "../menus/C/boot.xml">
303
<!ENTITY calculator SYSTEM "../menus/C/calculator.xml">
304
<!ENTITY character-map SYSTEM "../menus/C/character-map.xml">
305
<!ENTITY desktop-background SYSTEM "../menus/C/desktop-background.xml">
306
<!ENTITY desktop-preferences SYSTEM "../menus/C/desktop-preferences.xml">
307
<!ENTITY device-manager SYSTEM "../menus/C/device-manager.xml">
308
<!ENTITY dictionary SYSTEM "../menus/C/dictionary.xml">
309
<!ENTITY disks SYSTEM "../menus/C/disks.xml">
310
<!ENTITY downloader-x SYSTEM "../menus/C/downloader-x.xml">
311
<!ENTITY file-management SYSTEM "../menus/C/file-management.xml">
312
<!ENTITY firefox SYSTEM "../menus/C/firefox.xml">
313
<!ENTITY firestarter-firewall-tool SYSTEM "../menus/C/firestarter-firewall-tool.xml">
314
<!ENTITY font SYSTEM "../menus/C/font.xml">
315
<!ENTITY gaim SYSTEM "../menus/C/gaim.xml">
316
<!ENTITY games SYSTEM "../menus/C/games.xml">
317
<!ENTITY gftp SYSTEM "../menus/C/gftp.xml">
318
<!ENTITY gimp SYSTEM "../menus/C/gimp.xml">
319
<!ENTITY gnome-app-install SYSTEM "../menus/C/gnomeappinstall.xml">
320
<!ENTITY gnome-config-editor SYSTEM "../menus/C/gnome-config-editor.xml">
321
<!ENTITY gparted SYSTEM "../menus/C/gparted.xml">
322
<!ENTITY graphics SYSTEM "../menus/C/graphics.xml">
323
<!ENTITY gthumb SYSTEM "../menus/C/gthumb.xml">
324
<!ENTITY home-folder SYSTEM "../menus/C/home-folder.xml">
325
<!ENTITY inkscape SYSTEM "../menus/C/inkscape.xml">
326
<!ENTITY internet SYSTEM "../menus/C/internet.xml">
327
<!ENTITY keyboard SYSTEM "../menus/C/keyboard.xml">
328
<!ENTITY keyboard-shortcuts SYSTEM "../menus/C/keyboard-shortcuts.xml">
329
<!ENTITY limewire SYSTEM "../menus/C/limewire.xml">
330
<!ENTITY login-screen-setup SYSTEM "../menus/C/login-screen-setup.xml">
331
<!ENTITY logout SYSTEM "../menus/C/logout.xml">
332
<!ENTITY menu-editor SYSTEM "../menus/C/menu-editor.xml">
333
<!ENTITY menus-and-toolbars SYSTEM "../menus/C/menus-and-toolbars.xml">
334
<!ENTITY mouse SYSTEM "../menus/C/mouse.xml">
335
<!ENTITY multimedia-systems-selector SYSTEM "../menus/C/multimedia-systems-selector.xml">
336
<!ENTITY network-proxy SYSTEM "../menus/C/network-proxy.xml">
337
<!ENTITY networking SYSTEM "../menus/C/networking.xml">
338
<!ENTITY nvu SYSTEM "../menus/C/nvu.xml">
339
<!ENTITY open-office SYSTEM "../menus/C/open-office.xml">
340
<!ENTITY palmos-devices SYSTEM "../menus/C/palmos-devices.xml">
341
<!ENTITY preferred-applications SYSTEM "../menus/C/preferred-applications.xml">
342
<!ENTITY printing SYSTEM "../menus/C/printing.xml">
343
<!ENTITY qtparted SYSTEM "../menus/C/qtparted.xml">
344
<!ENTITY remote-desktop SYSTEM "../menus/C/remote-desktop.xml">
345
<!ENTITY removable-drives-and-media SYSTEM "../menus/C/removable-drives-and-media.xml">
346
<!ENTITY realplayer SYSTEM "../menus/C/realplayer.xml">
347
<!ENTITY rhythmbox SYSTEM "../menus/C/rhythmbox.xml">
348
<!ENTITY route-planner SYSTEM "../menus/C/route-planner.xml">
349
<!ENTITY screen-resolution SYSTEM "../menus/C/screen-resolution.xml">
350
<!ENTITY screensaver SYSTEM "../menus/C/screensaver.xml">
351
<!ENTITY scribus SYSTEM "../menus/C/scribus.xml">
352
<!ENTITY services SYSTEM "../menus/C/services.xml">
353
<!ENTITY sessions SYSTEM "../menus/C/sessions.xml">
354
<!ENTITY shared-folders SYSTEM "../menus/C/shared-folders.xml">
355
<!ENTITY skype SYSTEM "../menus/C/skype.xml">
356
<!ENTITY software-properties SYSTEM "../menus/C/software-properties.xml">
357
<!ENTITY sound SYSTEM "../menus/C/sound.xml">
358
<!ENTITY soundandvideo SYSTEM "../menus/C/soundandvideo.xml">
359
<!ENTITY synaptic SYSTEM "../menus/C/synaptic.xml">
360
<!ENTITY systemtools SYSTEM "../menus/C/systemtools.xml">
361
<!ENTITY terminal SYSTEM "../menus/C/terminal.xml">
362
<!ENTITY text-editor SYSTEM "../menus/C/text-editor.xml">
363
<!ENTITY theme SYSTEM "../menus/C/theme.xml">
364
<!ENTITY time-date SYSTEM "../menus/C/time-date.xml">
365
<!ENTITY totem SYSTEM "../menus/C/totem.xml">
366
<!ENTITY ubuntu-update-manager SYSTEM "../menus/C/ubuntu-update-manager.xml">
367
<!ENTITY users SYSTEM "../menus/C/users.xml">
368
<!ENTITY users-groups SYSTEM "../menus/C/users-groups.xml">
369
<!ENTITY windows SYSTEM "../menus/C/windows.xml">
370
<!ENTITY xchat-gnome SYSTEM "../menus/C/xchat-gnome.xml">
371
<!ENTITY xine SYSTEM "../menus/C/xine.xml">
372
<!ENTITY xmms SYSTEM "../menus/C/xmms.xml">
373
<!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../../libs/xinclude.mod">
374
<!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?>
375
<!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
376
<!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED>
377
<!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml">
378
<!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED>
379
<!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED>
380
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED>
381
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED>
382
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED>
383
<!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY>
384
<!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
385
<!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include">
386
<!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include">
387
<!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include">
388
<!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include">
389
<!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include">
390
<!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include">
391
<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'">
392
<!ENTITY language "en">
394
<appendix id="appendix-chap" status="complete">
395
<title>Appendix</title>
397
<sect1 id="appendix-resources" status="complete">
398
<title>Additional Resources</title>
400
<para><emphasis role="bold">Debian Resources</emphasis>
403
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/maint-guide/">
404
Debian New Maintainers Guide</ulink> - Good resource for
405
learning to package.</para></listitem>
407
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/">
408
Debian Policy</ulink> - The essential Policy manual for
409
Debian and Debian-based distros.</para></listitem>
411
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/developers-reference/">
412
Debian Developer's Reference</ulink> - Specific
413
information for Debian Developers but has some items of
414
interest for packagers.</para></listitem>
416
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.netfort.gr.jp/~dancer/column/libpkg-guide/libpkg-guide.html">Library
417
Packaging Guide</ulink> - Guide for packaging libraries.</para></listitem>
419
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://women.alioth.debian.org/wiki/index.php/English/PackagingTutorial">Debian
420
Women Packaging Tutorial</ulink> - Another good
421
introduction to Debian packaging.</para></listitem>
423
</itemizedlist></para>
425
<para><emphasis role="bold">Other Resources</emphasis>
428
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-debpkg.html">IBM
429
Packaging Tutorial</ulink></para></listitem>
431
<listitem><para><ulink url="https://perso.duckcorp.org/duck/cdbs-doc/cdbs-doc.xhtml">Duckcorp
432
CDBS Documentation</ulink></para></listitem>
434
<listitem><para><ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MOTU/Documentation">
436
Documentation</ulink></para></listitem>
438
<listitem><para><ulink url="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/KubuntuPackagingGuide">
439
Kubuntu Packaging Guide</ulink></para></listitem>
446
<sect1 id="appendix-chroot" status="complete" xreflabel="chroot">
447
<title>Chroot Environment</title>
449
<para> A chroot environment is commonly used for development-related
450
work and is basically an install of build-related software. It is always
451
a good idea to do development work in a chroot environment, as it
452
often requires the installation of development packages (whose
453
main purpose is for building packages). An example is when
454
a certain application requires the headers and development version of a
455
library to build (e.g. <application>libabc-dev</application>). A
456
normal user would not require the development version of
457
<application>libabc</application>. Thus it is better to install
458
such development packages in a chroot, leaving the normal
459
operating environment clean and uncluttered. First, install the
460
required packages:</para>
462
<screen>sudo apt-get install dchroot debootstrap</screen>
464
<important><para>Make sure to install at least the version of
465
<application>debootstrap</application> that is from the
466
<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> release for which you are trying to create the chroot.
467
You may have to download it from <ulink url="http://packages.ubuntu.com">packages.ubuntu.com</ulink>
468
and manually install it with <application>dpkg
469
-i</application>.</para></important>
471
<para>The next steps are to create, configure, and enter the chroot
475
sudo mkdir /var/chroot
476
echo "mychroot /var/chroot" | sudo tee -a /etc/dchroot.conf
477
sudo debootstrap --variant=buildd dapper /var/chroot/ http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/</screen>
479
<note><para>Creating a chroot environment will take some time as
480
<application>debootstrap</application> downloads and configures a
481
minimal <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> installation.</para></note>
483
<screen>sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /var/chroot/etc/resolv.conf
484
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /var/chroot/etc/apt/
485
sudo chroot /var/chroot/</screen>
487
<para>In order to be able to use apt in the chroot, add Ubuntu sources to the chroot's
488
apt sources. For the moment, ignore any warnings about package
489
authentication:</para>
492
echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted \
493
universe multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list
494
echo "deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted \
495
universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
497
apt-get install build-essential dh-make automake pbuilder gnupg lintian \
498
wget debconf devscripts gnupg sudo
502
<para>Run the following command to configure locales:</para>
505
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
506
apt-get install locales dialog
507
dpkg-reconfigure locales
510
<para>Next, fix the user and root passwords for the chroot environment. The last
511
line below is to avoid sudo warnings when resolving in the chroot
515
sudo cp /etc/passwd /var/chroot/etc/
516
sudo sed 's/\([^:]*\):[^:]*:/\1:*:/' /etc/shadow | sudo tee /var/chroot/etc/shadow
517
sudo cp /etc/group /var/chroot/etc/
518
sudo cp /etc/hosts /var/chroot/etc/</screen>
520
<para>To enable sudo, set up your root password and the first sudo user in the
521
admin group (for the chroot environment). In the following commands,
522
substitute "<user>" with the username that will be used in the chroot
526
sudo cp /etc/sudoers /var/chroot/etc/
527
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
528
dpkg-reconfigure passwd
532
<para>The system fstab needs to be modified so that the chroot environment will
533
have access to the system home directories, temp directory, etc. Note that the
534
actual system home directory is used in the chroot environment.</para>
536
<screen>sudo editor /etc/fstab</screen>
538
<para>Add these lines:</para>
540
/home /var/chroot/home none bind 0 0
541
/tmp /var/chroot/tmp none bind 0 0
542
proc-chroot /var/chroot/proc proc defaults 0 0
543
devpts-chroot /var/chroot/dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0 </screen>
545
<para>Mount the new fstab entries</para>
547
<screen>sudo mount -a</screen>
549
<para>The default bash profile includes chroot information in the prompt. To make
553
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
554
echo mychroot > /etc/debian_chroot
557
<para>Now use your chroot (you may omit the -c mychroot if
558
there's only one or you just want the first one in
559
<filename>/etc/dchroot.conf</filename>). The -d parameter means that your
560
environment will be preserved. This parameter is generally useful if you want chrooted
561
applications to seamlessly use your X server, your session manager,
564
<screen>dchroot -c mychroot -d</screen>
568
<sect1 id="appendix-examples" status="complete">
569
<title><application>dh_make</application> example files</title>
573
<term>Readme.Debian</term>
575
<listitem><para>This file is used to document changes that you
576
have made to the original upstream source that other
577
people might need to know or information
578
specific to Debian or <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>.</para></listitem>
583
<term>conffiles.ex</term>
585
<listitem><para>If the package installs a configuration file,
586
when the package is upgraded
587
<application>dpkg</application> can prompt a user
588
whether to keep his or her version if modified or install
589
the new version. Such configuration
590
files should be listed in
591
<filename>conffiles</filename> (one per line). Do not
592
list configuration files that are only modified by the
593
package or have to be set up by the user to
594
work.</para></listitem>
599
<term>cron.d.ex</term>
601
<listitem><para>If your package requires regularly scheduled
602
tasks to operate properly, you can use this file to configure
603
it. If you use this file, rename it to
604
<filename>cron.d</filename>.</para></listitem>
611
<listitem><para>This file specifies the directories that are
612
needed but the normal installation procedure
613
(<application>make install</application>application)
614
somehow doesn't create.</para></listitem>
621
<listitem><para>This file specifies the filenames of
622
documentation files that
623
<application>dh_installdocs</application> will install
624
into the temporary directory.</para></listitem>
629
<term>emacsen-*.ex</term>
631
<listitem><para>This file specifies Emacs files that will be
632
bytecompiled at install time. They are installed into
633
the temporary directory by
634
<application>dh_installemacsen</application>.</para></listitem>
639
<term>init.d.ex</term>
641
<listitem><para>If your package is a daemon that needs to be
642
run at system startup rename this file to
643
<filename>init.d</filename> and adjust it toyour
644
needs. </para></listitem>
649
<term>manpage.1.ex and manpage.sgml.ex</term>
651
<listitem><para>These files are templates for
652
<application>man</application> pages if the package
653
does not already have one.</para></listitem>
660
<listitem><para>This file is used to add your package to the
661
Debian menu. <phrase>Ubuntu</phrase> does not use Debian menu files
662
but uses the <ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</ulink>
663
standard <ulink url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">.desktop</ulink>
664
files.</para></listitem>
669
<term>watch.ex</term>
671
<listitem><para>The package maintainer can use the
672
<application>uscan</application> program and a
673
<filename>watch</filename> file to check for a new
674
upstream source tarball.</para></listitem>
679
<term>ex.package.doc-base</term>
681
<listitem><para>This file is used to register your package's
682
documentation (other than
683
<application>man</application> and
684
<application>info</application> pages) with
685
<application>doc-base</application>.</para></listitem>
690
<term>postinst.ex, preinst.ex, postrm.ex, and prerm.ex</term>
692
<listitem><para>These maintainer scripts are run by
693
<application>dpkg</application> when the package is
694
installed, upgraded, or removed.</para></listitem>
700
<tip><para>For more details refer to the <ulink url="http://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/ch-dother.en.html">Debian
701
New Maintainer's Guide</ulink>.</para></tip>
706
<sect1 id="appendix-debhelper" status="complete">
707
<title>Список скриптов <application>debhelper</application></title>
712
<para>dh_builddeb</para>
716
<para>dh_clean</para>
720
<para>dh_compress</para>
724
<para>dh_desktop</para>
728
<para>dh_fixperms</para>
732
<para>dh_gconf</para>
736
<para>dh_gencontrol</para>
740
<para>dh_iconcache</para>
744
<para>dh_install</para>
748
<para>dh_installcatalogs</para>
752
<para>dh_installchangelogs</para>
756
<para>dh_installcron</para>
760
<para>dh_installdeb</para>
764
<para>dh_installdebconf</para>
768
<para>dh_installdefoma</para>
772
<para>dh_installdirs</para>
776
<para>dh_installdocs</para>
780
<para>dh_installemacsen</para>
784
<para>dh_installexamples</para>
788
<para>dh_installinfo</para>
792
<para>dh_installinit</para>
796
<para>dh_installlogcheck</para>
800
<para>dh_installlogrotate</para>
804
<para>dh_installman</para>
808
<para>dh_installmenu</para>
812
<para>dh_installmime</para>
816
<para>dh_installmodules</para>
820
<para>dh_installpam</para>
824
<para>dh_installppp</para>
828
<para>dh_installtexfonts</para>
832
<para>dh_installwm</para>
836
<para>dh_installxfonts</para>
840
<para>dh_installxmlcatalogs</para>
848
<para>dh_listpackages</para>
852
<para>dh_makeshlibs</para>
856
<para>dh_md5sums</para>
864
<para>dh_python</para>
868
<para>dh_scrollkeeper</para>
872
<para>dh_shlibdeps</para>
876
<para>dh_strip</para>
880
<para>dh_testdir</para>
884
<para>dh_testroot</para>
888
<para>dh_usrlocal</para>
added
removed
generic/packagingguide/ru/appendix.xml
