1
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, Tutki, HowTo"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Raamatuntutkimisen HowTo"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Raamatuntutkimisen HowTo"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Teht�v�: Kuinka k�yt�n sanahakemistoa"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Edellinen</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Seuraava</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Sis�llys</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Esimerkki 1A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Esimerkki 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Esimerkki 2A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Esimerkki 2B</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Esimerkki 2C</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">Rule 3 - Tulkitse historiallisia ja kultturellisia yhteyksi�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Esimerkki 3A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Esimerkki 3B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">S��nt� 4 - Tulkitse kielen sanojen normaalik�yt�n mukaan</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Esimerkki 4A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Esimerkki 4B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">S��nt� 5 - Ymm�rr� kertomusten opetus ja ero opetuksen ja vertauskuvan
2
v�lill�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Esimerkki 5A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Esimerkki 5B</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
1
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, Tutki, HowTo"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Raamatuntutkimisen HowTo"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Raamatuntutkimisen HowTo"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Teht�v�: Kuinka k�yt�n sanahakemistoa"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Edellinen</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Seuraava</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Luku 3. Raamatuntulkinnan s��nn�t (hermeneutiikka)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Sis�llys</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Esimerkki 1A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Esimerkki 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Esimerkki 2A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Esimerkki 2B</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Esimerkki 2C</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">Rule 3 - Tulkitse historiallisia ja kultturellisia yhteyksi�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Esimerkki 3A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Esimerkki 3B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">S��nt� 4 - Tulkitse kielen sanojen normaalik�yt�n mukaan</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Esimerkki 4A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Esimerkki 4B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">S��nt� 5 - Ymm�rr� kertomusten opetus ja ero opetuksen ja vertauskuvan
2
v�lill�</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Esimerkki 5A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Esimerkki 5B</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
3
3
want to expand that now by delving briefly into biblical hermeneutics, whose
4
4
goal is to discover the meaning intended by the original author (and
5
Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
5
Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
6
6
interpretation is valid. The scripture itself says this by saying that no
7
7
scripture is of any private interpretation (2 Pe.1:20 KJV <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">Knowing
8
8
this first, that no prophesy of scripture is of any private
9
9
interpretation.</span>”</span>). Certain rules are helps toward discovering the
10
10
correct meaning; by ignoring these rules people have brought much trouble on
11
themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">...in which are some
12
things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they
13
do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>”</span></p><p>Kuinka etsimme tekstikohdan tarkoitettua merkityst�? Sanokaamme, ett�
14
huomiomme on kohdistettu jakeen osaan, jonka merkitys ei ole meille
15
selv�. Kuinka tutkimme sit�? Pid� kolme s��nt�� muistissa:</p><div class="section" title="S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan.</h2></div></div></div><p>Mit� tarkempia voimme olla sanojen todellisen, alkuper�isen merkityksen
16
kanssa, sit� parempi tulkintamme on. Yrit� l�yt�� avainsanojen todellinen
17
merkitys n�ill� askelilla:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p title="M��rittely"><b>M��rittely.�</b>Katso m��reitelm�� kreikkalaisesta tai heprealaisesta sanakirjasta
18
Verbeille verbin aikamuoto on my�s ratkaiseva.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="Ristiinviittaukset"><b>Ristiinviittaukset.�</b>Vertaa tekstej� tekstien kanssa. N�e, kuinka sama kreikankielinen tai
19
hepreankielinen sana (ei englanninkielinen sana) on k�ytetty tekstiss�,
20
selvitt�� tai antaa uutta valaistusta m��ritelm��n. Kuinka sama kirjoittaja
21
k�ytt�� t�t� sanaa muualla? Muut kirjoittajat? Referenssity�kalusi antavat
22
sinulle yht� hyvin esimerkkej� sanan k�yt�st� muissa asiakirjoissa kuin
23
Raamattussa. Miksi meid�n pit�� menn� alkukieleen, miksi englantilainen sana
24
ei ole tarpeeksi hyv�? <span class="emphasis"><em>Koska useampi kreikankielinen sana voidaan
25
k��nt�� samaksi englanninkieliseksi sanaksi, ja kreikankielisill� sanoilla
26
voi olla erilainen merkityksen vivahde.</em></span></p></li></ol></div><div class="section" title="Esimerkki 1A"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a"></a>Esimerkki 1A</h3></div></div></div><p>Joh.20:17 <span class="emphasis"><em>"�l� koske minuun"</em></span> (KJV) kuulostaa karkealta,
27
eik� vain? Kuulostaa silt�, ett� Jeesus ei halunnut tulla kosketetuksi nyt
28
kun h�n on Hengess�, ett� H�n on pyh� tai jotain sellaista. Mutta t�m� ei
29
n�yt� oikealta. Niinp� lue se Spiros Zodhiatesin kirjoittamasta kirjasta'
30
<span class="emphasis"><em>The Complete Word Study New Testament</em></span> (AMG Publishers,
31
1991).</p><p>Definition: Turning to John 20:17, above the word "Touch" we see "pim680."
11
themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">...in which are some things
12
hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also
13
the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>”</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
14
your attention has been drawn to a particular verse whose meaning is not
15
clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>S��nt� 1 - Tulkitse sanojen t�sm�llisten merkitysten mukaan.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
16
better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
17
words by following these steps:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p title="M��rittely"><b>M��rittely.�</b>Katso m��reitelm�� kreikkalaisesta tai heprealaisesta sanakirjasta
18
Verbeille verbin aikamuoto on my�s ratkaiseva.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="Ristiinviittaukset"><b>Ristiinviittaukset.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
19
(not the English word) is used in scripture may clarify or throw new light
20
on the definition. How does the same author use this word elsewhere? Other
21
authors? Your reference tools may give you uses of the word in non-biblical
22
documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
23
isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one Greek
24
word may be translated into the same English word, and the Greek words may
25
have different shades of meaning.</em></span></p></li></ol></div><div class="section" title="Esimerkki 1A"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a"></a>Esimerkki 1A</h3></div></div></div><p>Jn.20:17 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Touch me not"</em></span> (KJV) sounds harsh, doesn't it?
26
Sounds like Jesus doesn't want to be touched now that He is risen, that He
27
is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
28
in Spiros Zodhiates' <span class="emphasis"><em>The Complete Word Study New
29
Testament</em></span> (AMG Publishers, 1991).</p><p>Definition: Turning to John 20:17, above the word "Touch" we see "pim680."
32
30
The letters give us a code for the part of speech, and the number refers to
33
Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition (p. 879).
34
"680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling of an
35
object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
31
Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition
32
(p. 879). "680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling
33
of an object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
36
34
pselaphao (5584), which actually only means to touch the surface of
37
35
something. " Now look up "pim." The grammar codes in Zodhiates come right
38
36
after Revelation; on p. 849 we see that pim stands for "present imperative
39
active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
37
active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
40
38
indicate a command to do something in the future which involves continuous
41
39
or repeated action or, when it is negated, a command to stop doing
42
40
something. " This is a negative command, so it is to stop doing something
43
that is already occuring. So, what have we found?</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Mary is already clinging to Jesus, and he is saying to stop
44
holding him!</em></span></p></div><div class="section" title="Esimerkki 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Esimerkki 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>Jaak. 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Vanhimmatvoidelkoot h�net �ljyll� Herran nimess� ja
45
rukoilkoot h�nen puolestaan</em></span>. Mit� on t�m� voitelu?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
41
that is already occurring. So, what have we found?</p><p>
42
<span class="emphasis"><em>Mary is already clinging to Jesus, and he is saying to stop
43
holding him!</em></span>
44
</p></div><div class="section" title="Esimerkki 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Esimerkki 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
45
sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
46
46
Greek word translated "anoint", chrio (5548) - "to smear or rub with oil,
47
i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since
48
it's a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
47
i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since it's
48
a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
49
49
aorist participle expresses simple action, as opposed to continuous
50
action...When its relaitonship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
50
action...When its relationship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
51
51
signifies action prior to that of the main verb." (Zodhiates p.851)</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Cross-references for aleipho: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Matt.6:17 Kun sin� paastoat, voitele hiuksesi</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.16:1 [naiset] ostivat tuoksu�ljy� menn�kseen voitelemaan H�net.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.6:13 Ja he...voitelivat monta sairasta ja paransivat heid�t.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.7:38 [...] suuteli H�nen jalkojaan ja voiteli ne tuoksu�ljyll�</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Joh.12:3 Maria [...] voiteli Jeesuksen jalat, ja kuivasi ne hiuksillaan</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Cross-references of chrio: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.4:18 <span class="quote">”<span class="quote">Herran Henki on minun yll�ni, sill� h�n on voidelut minut
52
julistamaan [...]</span>”</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 4:27 Jeesus, jonka Sin� olit voidellut</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Apt 10:38 Jumala voiteli Jeesuksen Pyh�ll� Hengell� ja voimalla</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Cor.1:21 Nyt H�n, kuka.... voitelee meit�, on Jumala</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>Mik� ero on sanoilla aleipho ja chrio? Katso j�lleen ristiviittausta ja
53
m��ritelm��, ja selvit� ero: <span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" on �ljyn
54
jokap�iv�inen k�ytt� ja "chrio" on hengellinen</em></span></p><p>�ljyn jokap�iv�isen k�yt�n kuvaus (joskin sanaa ei k�ytet�) siihen aikaan
55
kun laupias samarialainen huolehti ry�st�jien ly�m�n miehen h�n kaatoi �ljy�
56
ja viini� haavaan. �ljyll� oli siis l��ketieteellinen k�ytt� Jeesuksen
58
</p><p>Lis�� nyt juurioppimamme t�h�n Jaak. 5:14 sanantutkimiseen <span class="emphasis"><em>"Jos
59
joku teist� on sairaana, kutsukoon h�n luokseen seurakunnan vanhimmat. N�m�
60
voidelkoot h�net �ljyll� Herran nimess� ja rukoilkoot h�nen puolestaan
61
Herran nimeen."</em></span> Onko "voitelu" hengellist� vai jokap�iv�ist�?
63
And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
52
julistamaan [...]</span>”</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 4:27 Jeesus, jonka Sin� olit voidellut</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Apt 10:38 Jumala voiteli Jeesuksen Pyh�ll� Hengell� ja voimalla</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Cor.1:21 Nyt H�n, kuka.... voitelee meit�, on Jumala</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>So what's the difference between aleipho and chrio? Look back over the
53
cross-references and the definitions, and sum up the difference:
54
<span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" is a practical use of oil and "chrio" is a
55
spiritual</em></span></p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
56
oil at that time, when the good Samaritan cared for the man beat up by
57
robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
58
Jesus' day.</p><p>Now let's apply what we just learned by this word study to James 5:14
59
<span class="emphasis"><em>"Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church;
60
and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the
61
Lord."</em></span>Is "anointing" spiritual or practical? Practical!</p><p>And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
64
62
"having anointed," so the order is the anointing first, then the prayer ("in
65
the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
63
the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
66
64
saying that the elders should give the sick person medicine and pray for him
67
in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
68
practical and spiritual in our God!
69
</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Edellinen</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Seuraava</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Teht�v�: Kuinka k�yt�n sanahakemistoa�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Alkuun</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
65
in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
66
practical and spiritual in our God!</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Edellinen</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Seuraava</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Teht�v�: Kuinka k�yt�n sanahakemistoa�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Alkuun</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�S��nt� 2 - Tulkitse raamatullisia yhteyksi�</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
added
removed
docs/howto/fi/html/h2-rules.html
