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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, Изучать, HowTo"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Как изучать Библию"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Как изучать Библию"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Рабочий лист: Как пользоваться симфонией"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Пред.</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">След.</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Содержание</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Пример 1А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Example 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Пример 2А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Пример 2Б</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Пример 2В</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">Правило 3 - Толковать в историческом и культурном контексте</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Пример 3А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Пример 3Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">Правило 4 - Толковать в соответствии с обычным употреблением слов в языке</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Пример 4А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Пример 4Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">Правило 5 - Нужно понять цель притч и разницу между притчей и аллегорией</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Пример 5А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Пример 5Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, Изучать, HowTo"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Как изучать Библию"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Как изучать Библию"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Рабочий лист: Как пользоваться симфонией"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Пред.</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">След.</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Глава 3. Правила толкования Библии (Герменевтика)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Содержание</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Пример 1А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Example 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Пример 2А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Пример 2Б</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Пример 2В</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">Правило 3 - Толковать в историческом и культурном контексте</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Пример 3А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Пример 3Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">Правило 4 - Толковать в соответствии с обычным употреблением слов в языке</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Пример 4А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Пример 4Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">Правило 5 - Нужно понять цель притч и разницу между притчей и аллегорией</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Пример 5А</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Пример 5Б</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
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want to expand that now by delving briefly into biblical hermeneutics, whose
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goal is to discover the meaning intended by the original author (and
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Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
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Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
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interpretation is valid. The scripture itself says this by saying that no
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scripture is of any private interpretation (2 Pe.1:20 KJV <span class="quote">�<span class="quote">Knowing
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this first, that no prophesy of scripture is of any private
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interpretation.</span>�</span>). Certain rules are helps toward discovering the
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correct meaning; by ignoring these rules people have brought much trouble on
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themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">�<span class="quote">...in which are some
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things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they
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do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>�</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
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themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">�<span class="quote">...in which are some things
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hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also
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the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>�</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
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your attention has been drawn to a particular verse whose meaning is not
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clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
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better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
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clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>Правило 1 - Истолковывать в соответствии с точным значением слов.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
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better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
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words by following these steps:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p title="Definition"><b>Definition.�</b>Look up the definition in a Greek or Hebrew dictionary. For verbs, the verb
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tense is also crucial.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="Перекрёстные ссылки"><b>Перекрёстные ссылки.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
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tense is also crucial.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="Перекрёстные ссылки"><b>Перекрёстные ссылки.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
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(not the English word) is used in scripture may clarify or throw new light
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on the definition. How does the same author use this word elsewhere? Other
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authors? Your reference tools may give you uses of the word in non-biblical
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documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
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isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one greek
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word may be translated into the same english word, and the greek words may
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documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
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isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one Greek
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word may be translated into the same English word, and the Greek words may
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have different shades of meaning.</em></span></p></li></ol></div><div class="section" title="Пример 1А"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a"></a>Пример 1А</h3></div></div></div><p>Jn.20:17 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Touch me not"</em></span> (KJV) sounds harsh, doesn't it?
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Sounds like Jesus doesn't want to be touched now that He is risen, that He
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is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
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is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
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in Spiros Zodhiates' <span class="emphasis"><em>The Complete Word Study New
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Testament</em></span> (AMG Publishers, 1991).</p><p>Definition: Turning to John 20:17, above the word "Touch" we see "pim680."
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The letters give us a code for the part of speech, and the number refers to
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Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition (p. 879).
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"680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling of an
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object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
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Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition
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(p. 879). "680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling
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of an object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
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pselaphao (5584), which actually only means to touch the surface of
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something. " Now look up "pim." The grammar codes in Zodhiates come right
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after Revelation; on p. 849 we see that pim stands for "present imperative
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active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
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active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
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indicate a command to do something in the future which involves continuous
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or repeated action or, when it is negated, a command to stop doing
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something. " This is a negative command, so it is to stop doing something
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that is already occuring. So, what have we found?</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Mary is already clinging to Jesus, and he is saying to stop
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holding him!</em></span></p></div><div class="section" title="Example 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Example 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
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sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
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that is already occurring. So, what have we found?</p><p>
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<span class="emphasis"><em>Mary is already clinging to Jesus, and he is saying to stop
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holding him!</em></span>
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</p></div><div class="section" title="Example 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Example 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
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sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
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Greek word translated "anoint", chrio (5548) - "to smear or rub with oil,
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i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since
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it's a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
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i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since it's
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a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
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aorist participle expresses simple action, as opposed to continuous
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action...When its relaitonship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
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action...When its relationship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
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signifies action prior to that of the main verb." (Zodhiates p.851)</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Cross-references for aleipho: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Mt.6:17 But you, when you fast, anoint your head</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.16:1 [the women] brought spices that they might come and anoint Him.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.6:13 And they were...anointing with oil many sick people and healing
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them.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.7:38 [...] kissing His feet and anointing them with the perfume</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Jn.12:3 Mary [...] anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped them with her hair</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>Cross-references of chrio: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.4:18 <span class="quote">�<span class="quote">The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because He has anointed me
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to preach [...]</span>�</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 4:27 Jesus, whom Thou hast anointed</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 10:38 God anointed Jesus with the Holy Ghost and power</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Cor.1:21 Now He who...anointed us is God</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>So what's the difference between aleipho and chrio? Look back over the
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cross-references and the definitions, and sum up the difference:
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<span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" is a practical use of oil and
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"chrio" is a spiritual</em></span></p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
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<span class="emphasis"><em>"aleipho" is a practical use of oil and "chrio" is a
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spiritual</em></span></p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
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oil at that time, when the good Samaritan cared for the man beat up by
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robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
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</p><p>Теперь давайте изучим Иакова 5:14, применяя то, что мы уже узнали об этом
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слове: <span class="emphasis"><em>"Болен ли кто из вас, пусть призовет пресвитеров Церкви, и
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пусть помолятся над ним, помазав его елеем во имя Господне."</em></span> Это
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"помазание" духовное или практическое? Практическое!</p><p>
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And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
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robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
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Jesus' day.</p><p>Now let's apply what we just learned by this word study to James 5:14
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<span class="emphasis"><em>"Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church;
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and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the
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Lord."</em></span>Is "anointing" spiritual or practical? Practical!</p><p>And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
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"having anointed," so the order is the anointing first, then the prayer ("in
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the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
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the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
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saying that the elders should give the sick person medicine and pray for him
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in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
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practical and spiritual in our God!
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</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Пред.</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">След.</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Рабочий лист: Как пользоваться симфонией�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Начало</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
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practical and spiritual in our God!</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Пред.</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">След.</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Рабочий лист: Как пользоваться симфонией�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Начало</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�Правило 2 - Истолковывать в библейском контексте</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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