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Macintosh Port of Info-ZIP's Zip
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By Dirk Haase, d_haase@sitec.net
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Home page: www.sitec.net/maczip
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www.haase-online.de/dirk/maczip
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================================
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MacZip is a cross-platform compatible tool that
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includes both Zip (for compression) and UnZip (for extraction).
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Zip is a compression and file packaging utility for Unix,
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VMS, MSDOS, OS/2, Windows 9x, Windows NT, Atari, Macintosh,
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Amiga, Acorn RISC OS, and other systems.
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UnZip unpacks zip archives.
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The Zip and UnZip programs can process archives pro-
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duced by PKZIP, and PKZIP and PKUNZIP can work with
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archives produced by zip. Zip version 2.2 is compatible
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MacZip requires at least System 7 and a Macintosh with a minimum of a
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Motorola 68020 or PowerPC 601 processor. Other configurations may work
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but it is not tested at all.
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The application is distributed as a fat binary with both regular 68K
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and native PowerPC versions included.
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Move the executable(s) somewhere--for example, drag it (or them) to your
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Applications folder. For easy access, make an alias in the Launcher Control
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Panel or directly on your desktop.
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The GUI is very simple. It was not my intention to make a full-blown GUI,
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however I think it is comfortable enough to use it as regular tool.
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This port supports also Apple-event. So you can install it in your
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WWW-Browser as a helper app.
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For more Info about the contents of this package, take a look into
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the "macos/Contents" (or :macos:Contents) file. Some notes on how to
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rebuild the Macintosh applications can be found in INSTALL.
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Basically there are four ways to start MacZip:
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To extract an archive, drop an archive on MacZip.
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To compress files drop a file, folder or volume on MacZip.
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Note: You cannot drop more than one item at the same time.
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b) using the Dialog box (Menu: File -> Zip/Unzip):
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- Go to "File -> Zip"and the "Zip Options" Dialog Box appears.
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- Click on "Location of the compressed File"
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- The "Select an archive" dialog box appears
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a) select a existing zip archive
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-> Your files will be added to that zip archive.
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b) select a folder and name your new zip archive
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-> a new zip archive will be created with your files.
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- Select one or more check boxes if you want.
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see Zip.txt for more information.
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- Click on "File or Folder to Compress"
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- The "Select a File or Folder" dialog box appears
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-> This file will be compressed.
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-> the contents of the folder will be compressed.
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- Click on "Start Zip" to start the task.
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- Go to "File -> Unzip"and the "Unzip Options" Dialog Box appears.
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- Click on "Location of the compressed File"
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- The "Select an archive" dialog box appears
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- select a existing zip archive
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- Select one or more check boxes if you want.
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see Unzip.txt for more information.
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- Click on "Location of the extracted Files"
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- The "Select a Folder" dialog box appears
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-> This file will be compressed.
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-> the contents of the archive will be extracted
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- Click on "Start Unzip" to start the task.
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c) Using the Command line (Menu: File->Command Line):
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The Zip & UnZip tools are command line tools. So the behavior is exactly
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the same like the Zip & UnZip tools on Unix or Windows/DOS. This means,
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if you want to zip some files, you have to write a command line like this:
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"zip [switches] path_to_zip_archive path_to_files_folders"
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- Go to "File" and select "Command Line" and the "MacZip Entry box"
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a: your zip may be created at
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Macintosh HD:applications:archive.zip
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b: your files may be found at
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Macintosh HD:somewhere:my_folder_to_archive:*
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Note: At the end of the path there must be a filename or a wild card !
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(see Footnote: 1 wild card, 2 Mac path names)
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So the command line should look like (one line!):
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zip "Macintosh HD:applications:archive.zip" "Macintosh HD:somewhere:my_folder_to_archive:*"
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- Click on "Enter" to start the task.
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Since you can not set a default folder you have to enter always a
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full qualified path names. Full-qualified path names are path names
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including the Volume name ! (see Footnote: 2 Mac path names)
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d) Using Applescript:
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There is only one additional event defined: "do_cmd". You can enter
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every valid command line. The first word must be "zip" or "unzip" to
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select the action (compress or extraction).
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See sample Applescript:
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tell application "MacZip (PPC)"
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with timeout of 90000 seconds
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do_cmd "zip -rjjN Volume:archive \"My Volume:*\" "
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This script opens MacZip, brings it to the foreground on the Mac, starts the
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zip action with the command line: zip -rjjN Volume:archive "My Volume:*" .
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A short introduction is also available online:
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http://www.sitec.net/maczip/How-To-Do/
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It's possible to stop the run of Zip/Unzip with the well
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known shortcut [Command] + [.].
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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There are some Mac-specific switches available.
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-df [MacOS] Include only data-fork of files zipped into
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the archive. Good for exporting files to foreign
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operating-systems. Resource-forks will be ignored
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-jj [MacOS] record Fullpath (+ Volname). The complete
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path including volume will be stored. By default
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the relative path will be stored.
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-S [MSDOS, OS/2, WIN32 and ATARI] Include system and
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[MacOS] Includes finder invisible files, which are
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-E [MacOS only] display contents of MacOS extra field
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during restore operation.
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-i [MacOS only] ignore filenames stored in MacOS extra
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fields. Instead, the most compatible filename
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stored in the generic part of the entry's header is
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-J [MacOS only] ignore MacOS extra fields. All Macin-
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tosh specific info is skipped. Data-fork and
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resource-fork are restored as separate files.
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Select [File]->[Get Help on Zip/Unzip] for a complete list
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Limitations / Problems:
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-----------------------
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- Aliases are not supported. I tried, but I got broken aliases
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This port will silently ignore all aliases.
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It's on my to-do list for future releases.
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- Zip needs much memory to compress many files:
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You may need to increase the 'Preferred Size' in 'Get Info'.
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Values of 12 Megabytes or more are possible
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- Unzip needs about 500 Kbytes of memory to unzip no matter
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how many files were compressed and expanded.
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- and finally one big macintosh-related problem:
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This port has one weak point: It's based on path names.
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As you may be already know: Path names are not unique on a Mac !
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The main reason is that an attempt to implement support exact saving of
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the MacOS specific internal file structures would require a throughout
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rewrite of major parts of shared code, probably sacrifying compatibility
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I have no solution at the moment. The port will just warn you if you try
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zip from / to a volume which has a duplicate name.
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MacZip has problems to find the archive or the files.
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My (Big) recommendation: Name all your volumes with a unique name and
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MacZip will run without any problem.
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- crypted files in a zip archive are sometimes corrupt:
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I get an error message: invalid compressed data to inflate.
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Appearance of this error is purely be chance:
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I did a small test: Unzipping an archive containing 3589 files
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56 files fails to unzip, so about 1.5%.
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Root cause is completely unclear to me :(
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I strongly recommend to test your archive (e.g. unzip -t archive).
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Zip Programs / Macintosh Extra-Data:
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-----------------------------------------
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Currently, as far as I know, there are 4 Zip programs available
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for the Macintosh platform.
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These programs build (of course) different variants of Zip files:
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- Info-ZIP's first Port of Zip. Ported by Johnny Lee
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This Port is rather outdated and no longer supported (since 1992).
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68K only. Only minimal Mac-info is stored (Creator/Type,
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Finder attributes). Creator/Type: '????' / '????'
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Until year 1998, only UnZip 5.32 survived.
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- ZipIt by Tom Brown. This is Shareware and still supported I think.
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ZipIt has a nice GUI, but I found it can't handle large Zip files
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quite well. ZipIt compresses Macintosh files using the Mac Binary
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format. So, transferring files to other platforms is not so easy.
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Only minimal Mac-info is stored (Creator/Type, Finder attributes).
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Mac filenames are changed to a most compatible filename.
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Creator/Type: 'ZIP ' / 'ZIP '
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- PKZIP/mac v2.03/210d. This is Shareware.
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This Zip implementation for the Mac can be found on ASI's web site
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(http://www.asizip.com/products/products.htm). The name of this
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program is misleading, it is NOT a product from PKWARE. ASI's last
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release version is v2.03, and they also offer a newer beta version
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PKZIP/mac 210d. But even the Beta version is rather outdated (1995).
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Only minimal Mac-info is stored (Creator/Type, Finder attributes).
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The Zipfile format looks like incompatible to other platforms.
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(More details about the compatibility issue can be found in
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proginfo/3rdparty.bug!). Type: 'PKz1'
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Mac filenames are restored without any change.
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- Info-ZIP's latest Port of Zip. MacZip 1.0. Ported by me :-)
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It is supported (of course) and up to date. Full set of macintosh
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info is stored: Creator/Type, Finder attributes, Finder comments,
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MacOS 8.0 Folder settings, Icon/Folder Positions ...
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Mac filenames are restored without any change.
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Creator/Type: 'IZip' / 'ZIP '
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Compatibility of my port; Extraction:
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- Archives from Info-ZIP's first port (by Johnny Lee) are still compatible.
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- Extraction of ZipIt archives is supported. This support is not
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complete: Filenames are correct but Directory names are sometimes mangled
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to a DOS compatible form. Segmented archives are not supported.
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- PKZiP/mac archive files are extracted without resource-forks
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and without any Finder info. I have no information about that zip format.
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Compatibility of my port; Compression:
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- My port supports only the new Info-ZIP format
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(introduced with this port). Therefore archives created by MacZip 1.0
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(March 1999) must be extracted with this version or later releases
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of Info-ZIP's UnZip to restore the complete set of Macintosh attributes.
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Note: This port is complete unrelated to the shareware ZipIt. Even more,
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handling of special Macintosh attributes is incompatible with ZipIt.
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This port (MacZip) may be used to extract archives created by ZipIt,
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but make sure that you get the result as you expected.
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Macintosh Files; File Forks:
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----------------------------
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All Macintosh files comprise two forks, known as the data fork and the
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resource fork. Unlike the bytes stored in the resource fork, the bytes in
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the data fork do not have to exhibit any particular internal structure.
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The application is responsible for interpreting the bytes in the data fork
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in whatever manner is appropriate. The bytes in the resource fork usually
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have a defined internal structure and contain data object like menus,
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dialog boxes, icons and pictures.
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Although all Macintosh files contain both a data fork and a resource fork,
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one or both of these forks may be empty.
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MacZip stores data-forks and resource-forks separately. The Zipfile format
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does not allow to store two archive entries using exactly the same name.
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My solution is to modify the Path name of the resource-fork. All resource-fork
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names are prepended with a leading special directory named "XtraStuf.mac".
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So, when extracting on a Mac, you should never see this directory
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"XtraStuf.mac" on your *disk*.
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On all foreign systems that support directories in filenames (e.g.: OS/2, Unix,
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DOS/Windows, VMS) you will get a directory "XtraStuf.mac" when extracting
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You can delete the complete directory "XtraStuf.mac" since Mac resources
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do not make much sense outside the MacOS world.
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Text encoding; Charsets of the Filenames:
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-----------------------------------------
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The following information is only important if you plan to transfer
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archives across different platforms/language systems:
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A typical Zip archive does not support different charsets. All filenames
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stored in the public area (= accessible by foreign systems other
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than MacOS) must be coded in the charset ISO-8859-1 (CP1252 in the Microsoft
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Windows world) or CP850 (DOSLatin1). The latter should only be used by
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Zip programs that mark the archive entries as "created under DOS".
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Apart from Macs, the commonly used platforms either support ISO-8859-1
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directly, or are compatible with it.
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To achieve maximum compatibility, MacZip convert filenames from the
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Mac OS Roman character set to ISO-8859-1 and vice versa.
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But not every char of the charset MacRoman has their equivalent
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in ISO-8859-1. To make the mapping in most cases possible, I chose
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most similar chars or at least the MIDDLE DOT.
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Mac OS Roman character set is used for at least the following Mac OS
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U.S., British, Canadian French, French, Swiss French,
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German, Swiss German, Italian, Swiss Italian, Dutch,
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Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Spanish, Catalan,
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Portuguese, Brazilian, and the default International system.
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In all Mac OS encodings, character codes 0x00-0x7F are identical to
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- in Mac OS Japanese, yen sign replaces reverse solidus
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- in Mac OS Arabic, Farsi, and Hebrew, some of the punctuation in this
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range is treated as having strong left-right directionality,
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although the corresponding Unicode characters have neutral
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So, for best compatibility, confine filenames to the standard
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7-bit ASCII character set.
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If you generate a filename list of your archive (unzip -l), you will
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see the converted filenames. Your can also extract the archive with
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the switch '-i' (= ignore mac filenames), and test your result.
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This MacZip port uses its own filename stored in the archive.
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At the moment, the filename will be not converted. However,
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I'm planning to add support for Unicode.
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Currently, the following Mac OS encodings are NOT supported:
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Japanese, ChineseTrad, Korean, Arabic, Hebrew, Greek, Cyrillic,
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Devanagari, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu
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Kannada, Malayalam, Sinhalese, Burmese, Khmer, Thai, Laotian,
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Georgian, Armenian, ChineseSimp, Tibetan, Mongolian, Ethiopic,
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Vietnamese, ExtArabic and finally:
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Symbol - this is the encoding for the font named "Symbol".
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Dingbats - this is the encoding for the font named "Zapf Dingbats".
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If you extract an archive coded with one of these charsets
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you will probably get filenames with funny characters.
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These problems apply only to filenames and NOT to the file
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of course: The content of the files will NEVER be converted !!
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This port uses the creator type 'IZip' and it is registered at Apple
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(since 08. March 1998). File types can not be registered any more.
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This port uses 'ZIP ' for Zip archive files.
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The creator 'IZip' type should be used for all future versions of
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Hints for proper restoration of file-time stamps:
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-------------------------------------------------
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UnZip requires the host computer to have proper time zone information in
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order to handle certain tasks correctly (see unzip.doc). To set the
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time zone on the Macintosh, go to the Map Control Panel and enter the
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correct number of hours (and, in a few locales, minutes) offset from
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Universal Time/Greenwich Mean Time. For example, the US Pacific time zone
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is -8 hours from UTC/GMT during standard (winter) time and -7 hours from
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UTC/GMT during Daylight Savings Time. The US Eastern time zone is -5 hours
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during the winter and -4 hours during the summer.
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Discussion of Daylight Savings Time
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-----------------------------------
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The setting in the Date & Time control panel for Daylight Savings time
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is a universal setting. That is, it assumes everybody in the world is
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observing Daylight Savings time when its check box is selected.
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If other areas of the world are not observing Daylight Savings time when
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the check box is selected in the Date & Time control panel, then the Map
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control panel will be off by an hour for all areas that are not recognizing
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Daylight Savings time.
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Conversely, if you set the Map control panel to an area that does not observe
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Daylight Savings time and deselect/uncheck the check box for Daylight Savings
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time in the Date & Time control panel, then time in all areas celebrating
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Daylight Savings time will be off by an hour in the Map control panel.
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In the case of Hawaiians, sometimes they are three hours
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behind Pacific Standard Time (PST) and sometimes two hours
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behind Pacific Daylight Time (PDT). The Map control panel
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can only calculate differences between time zones relative
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to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Hawaii will always show up as
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three hours past the Pacific time zone and five hours past
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the Central time zone.
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When Hawaiians are not observing Daylight Savings time, but
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the rest of the country is, there is no combination of
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settings in Map and Date & Time control panels which will
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enable you to display Hawaiian local time correctly AND
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concurrently display the correct time in other places that
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do observe Daylight Savings time.
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The knowledge about which countries observe Daylight Savings
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time and which do not is not built into the Map control
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panel, so it does not allow for such a complex calculation.
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This same situation also occurs in other parts of the world
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besides Hawaii. Phoenix, Arizona is an example of an area of
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the U.S. which also does not observe Daylight Savings time.
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MacZip only knows the GMT and DST offsets of the current time, not
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for the time in question.
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A Note to version numbers: Version of MacZip is currently 1.03 and
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is based on the zip code version 2.3 and unzip code version 5.4.
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See About Box for current version and compiler build date.
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Because of the amount of sources I splitted this port into
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several projects. See http://www.sitec.net/maczip for updates.
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These archives contains the main parts of the port. You can build
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libraries and a standalone App with Metrowerks standard console SIOUX.
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They contain only sources, no executables.
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These archives are exact copies of the standard Info-ZIP source
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distributions; they were only repackaged under MacOS using MacZip,
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with one minor addition: For those files that are stored in BinHex'ed
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format in the Info-ZIP reference source archives, unpacked version
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that are ready for use have been added.
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- additional source part:
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MacZipxxx.zip: contains all the GUI stuff and the project files to
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build the main-app. Only sources of the GUI, no zip or unzip code.
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To build MacZip successfully you will need to also download the zip
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MacZipxxxnc.hqx: contains only executables and 'README.TXT',
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This version is without en-/decryption support !
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MacZipxxxc.hqx: contains only executables and 'README.TXT',
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This version supports en-/decryption !
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- encryption sources:
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zcryptxx.zip: To build crypt versions of MacZip.
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download from ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/infozip/ (and subdirectories)
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MacZipDocu.zip: contains some further docus about the algorithm,
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limits, Info-ZIP's appnote and a How-to-do Webpage.
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Macstuff.c and recurse.c: All the functions are from More Files.
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More Files fixes many of the broken or underfunctional
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parts of the file system. Thanks to Jim Luther.
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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The '*' is a wild card and means 'all files'
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Just in case you don't know wild cards:
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'*' is a place holder for any character.
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"this*" matches with "this_file" or "this_textfile" but it
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doesn't match with "only_this_file" or "first_this_textfile"
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"*this*" matches with "this_file" or "this_textfile" AND
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matches with "only_this_file" or "first_this_textfile"
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The following characteristics of Macintosh pathnames should be noted:
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A full pathname never begins with a colon, but must contain at
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A partial pathname always begins with a colon separator except in
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the case where the file partial pathname is a simple file or
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Single trailing separator colons in full or partial pathnames are
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ignored except in the case of full pathnames to volumes.
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In full pathnames to volumes, the trailing separator colon is required.
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Consecutive separator colons can be used to ascend a level from a
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directory to its parent directory. Two consecutive separator colons
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will ascend one level, three consecutive separator colons will ascend
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two levels, and so on. Ascending can only occur from a directory;
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
added
removed
zip/zip/macos/README.TXT
