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<title>Documenta��o do Moodle: Perguntas Frequentes (FAQ)</title>
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<h1>Perguntas Frequentes (FAQ)</h1>
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<p class="normaltext">Esta p�gina responde algumas das perguntas colocadas
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com maior frequ�ncia por quem instala o Moodle. Se j� seguiu todos os passos
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sugerido no <a href="./?file=install.html">guia de instala��o</a> mas ainda
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tem problemas, ent�o provavelmente este � o lugar certo para si.</p>
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<p class="normaltext">Se n�o encontrar a resposta que procura aqui, tente nos
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foruns da disciplina <a href="http://moodle.org/mod/forum/index.php?id=5" target="_top">Using Moodle</a> em moodle.org (no mesmo s�tio temos tamb�m
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<a href="http://moodle.org/mod/forum/index.php?id=24">foruns em portugu�s</a>).
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Comece por fazer uma pesquisa nos foruns, usando algumas palavras chaves,
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pois o seu problema pode j� ter sido discutido. Se n�o encontrar nada, tente
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enviar a sua pergunta para o f�rum que achar apropriado - normalmente haver�
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algu�m disposto a ajud�-lo.</p>
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<p class="normaltext">Se j� tentou v�rias solu��es sem �xito e o seu servidor
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estiver protegido por uma firewall, poder� ser preciso uma reconfigura��o da
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sua firewall para garantir que n�o est� a bloquear uma fun��o b�sica ou
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alguma parte da comunica��o. Moodle raramente tem problemas com as firewalls
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mas por vezes uma m� configura��o de uma firewall pode reduzir as
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funcionalidades do Moodle.</p>
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<p class="normaltext">Use esta lista para ir directamente � resposta
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correspondente mais abaixo:</p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#filenotfound">Sempre que tento aceder a um ficheiro que enviei, obtenho o erro "File not Found"</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#php">PHP - est� instalado e que vers�o tenho?</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#blankpages">Porque est�o todas as minhas p�ginas em branco?</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#errorgetstring">As minhas p�ginas apresentam erros graves tais como: "call to undefined function: get_string()" (chamada para fun��o n�o definida: get_string())</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#headerssent">Porque � que estou sempre a receber mensagens sobre "headers already sent" (cabe�alhos j� enviados)?</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#failedopen">Aparece-me sempre este erro: "Failed opening required '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php'" (Ocorreu uma falha ao abrir o ficheiro '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php')</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#quotes">Any text I add with an apostrophe (') or a quote (") causes errors or comes up with a slash added</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#sessiontmp">I keep getting error messages about session_start</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#fixdirroot">When I go to the admin page, I get told to make dirroot blank!</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#loginsetting">I login but the login link doesn't change. I am logged in and can navigate freely.</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#resource1">When trying to add a resource I receive error messages.</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#noadmin">During the initial setting-up process, I never get asked to create an admin account!</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#nologin">I can't log in at all- I just stay stuck on the login screen.</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#backup">How do I backup my Moodle site?</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#locale">Why doesn't my Moodle site display the time & date correctly?</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"><a href="#cron">Email copies are not being sent
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from my forums</a></p>
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<p class="questionlink"> </p>
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<h3><a name="filenotfound"></a>Sempre que tento aceder a um ficheiro que enviei obtenho o erro "File not Found"</h3>
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<p class="answer">Por exemplo: Not Found: The requested URL /moodle/file.php/2/myfile.jpg was not found on this server. </p>
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<p class="answer">O seu servidor web tem que ser configurado para permitir que a parte do URL que segue o nome de um script seja passada directamente para esse script. Esta configura��o est� normalmente activada no Apache 1, mas desactivada por omiss�o no Apache 2. Para activar, acrescente esta linha ao seu ficheiro httpd.config, ou ao ficheiro .htaccess na sua directoria local (ver a <a href="./?file=install.html#webserver">Instala��o do Moodle</a> para mais informa��o): </p>
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<p class="answercode"><b>AcceptPathInfo</b> on</p>
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<p class="answer">Note que isto APENAS funcionar� para as vers�es do Apache 2.x. </p>
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<p class="answer">Se n�o estiver a usar o Apache 2, mas ainda encontrar este problema (pouco prov�vel), ent�o pode fazer com que o Moodle use um m�todo alternativo. As desvantagens incluem uma ligeira perda de performance para os seus utilizadores e a impossibilidade de usar liga��es relativas em documentos HTML.</p>
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<p class="answer">Para usar este m�todo alternativo: Fa�a login como Admin, dirija-se � p�gina "Configurar Vari�veis" e muda a op��o de configura��o para "<b>slasharguments</b>".
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Agora j� deve ser capaz de aceder aos ficheiros enviados.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="php"></a>PHP - est� instalado e que vers�o tenho?</h3>
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<p class="answer">Crie um novo ficheiro no seu s�tio web chamado info.php, com o conte�do que se segue, e invoque-o a partir do seu navegador:</p>
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<p class="answercode"><?PHP phpinfo() ?></p>
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<p class="answer">Se nada acontecer, ent�o � porque n�o tem o PHP instalado. Procure nos documentos de instala��o mais informa��o sobre onde pode obter o PHP e como instal�-lo.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="blankpages"></a>Porque est�o todas as minhas p�ginas em branco? </h3>
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<p class="answer">Verifique a vari�vel dirroot em config.php. Deve usar caminhos completos e absolutos, por exemplo:</p>
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<p class="answercode"> $CFG->dirroot = "d:\inetpub\sites\www.yoursite.com\web\moodle";</p>
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<p class="answer">Para a plataforma Redhat Linux, veja em: <a href="http://moodle.org/doc/?file=installamp.html">Redhat Linux</a></p>
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<h3><a name="errorgetstring"></a>As minhas p�ginas apresentam erros graves tais como: "call to undefined function: get_string()" (chamada para fun��o n�o definida: get_string())</h3>
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<p class="answer">Se vir erros como:</p>
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<p class="answercode">Parse error: parse error, unexpected T_VARIABLE in c:\program files\easyphp\www\moodle\config.php on line 94 <br>
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Fatal error: Call to undefined function: get_string() in c:\program files\easyphp\www\moodle\mod\resource\lib.php on line 11</p>
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<p class="answer">ent�o � prov�vel que se tenha esquecido de um ponto e v�rgula ou de fechar uma aspa numa das linhas do ficheiro config.php (antes da linha 94).</p>
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<p class="answer">Outra explica��o poss�vel � ter usado um editor de texto como o Word para alterar o ficheiro config.php, e o tenha gravado em formato HTML em vez do formato de texto simples.</p>
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<h3><a name="headerssent"></a>Porque � que estou sempre a receber mensagens sobre "headers already sent" (cabe�alhos j� enviados)?</h3>
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<p class="answer">Se vir erros como este:</p>
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<p class="answercode">Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
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sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) /webs/moodle/lib/moodlelib.php on line 1322 </p>
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<p class="answercode"> Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
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sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) in /webs/moodle/lib/moodlelib.php on line 1323 </p>
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<p class="answercode"> Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already
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sent by (output started at /webs/moodle/config.php:87) in /webs/moodle/login/index.php on line 54 </p>
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<p class="answer">Significa que tem espa�os ou linhas em branco antes do ?> final no ficheiro config.php. Por vezes alguns editores de texto acrescentam espa�os - por exemplo o Notepad em Windows - por isso talvez tenha que usar outro editor para remover completamente as linhas ou espa�os em branco. </p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="failedopen"></a>Aparece-me sempre este erro: "Failed opening required '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php'" (Ocorreu uma falha ao abrir o ficheiro '/web/moodle/lib/setup.php')</h3>
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<p class="answer">No seu ficheiro config.php, o valor usado para a vari�vel
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dirroot dever� ser o <strong>caminho completo a partir do
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direct�rio ra�z no seu disco</strong>.</p>
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<p class="answer">Por vezes as pessoas usam apenas o caminho a partir do
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seu direct�rio de trabalho o relativo ao direct�rio ra�z do servidor Web.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="quotes" id="quotes"></a>Any text I add with an apostrophe
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(') or a quote (") causes errors or comes up with a slash added</h3>
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<p class="answer">Problems caused by apostrophes are caused by incorrect "magic
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quotes" settings. Moodle requires the following settings (which are usually
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<p class="answercode">magic_quotes_gpc = On<br>
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magic_quotes_runtime = Off</p>
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<p class="answer">See the section on <a href="./?file=install.html#webserver">webserver
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configuration</a> in the Installation docs for more details.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="sessiontmp"></a>I keep getting error messages about session_start</h3>
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<p class="answer">If you see errors like this:</p>
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<p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: open(/tmp\\\\\\\\sess_d40f380d37d431fc1516e9a895ad9ce0, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in G:\\\\\\\\web\\\\\\\\moodle\\\\\\\\lib\\\\\\\\setup.php on line 123</p>
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<p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: open(/tmp\\\\\\\\sess_d40f380d37d431fc1516e9a895ad9ce0, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in G:\\\\\\\\web\\\\\\\\moodle\\\\\\\\lib\\\\\\\\setup.php on line 123</p>
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<p class="answercode">Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at G:\\\\\\\\web\\\\\\\\moodle\\\\\\\\lib\\\\\\\\setup.php:1) in G:\\\\\\\\web\\\\\\\\moodle\\\\\\\\lib\\\\\\\\setup.php on line 123</p>
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<p class="answer">... these are all related to the fact that PHP is failing to save
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"session" files on your hard disk (in a directory called /tmp). Usually the
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reason is that you don't HAVE a directory called /tmp on your computer. This
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is usually the case with Windows installations.
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<p class="answer">The solution is to fix the PHP setting for this path to point to a real directory. You can do this in your php.ini file:</p>
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<p class="answercode">session.save_path = C:\\\\\\\\temp</p>
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<p class="answer">or otherwise in a .htaccess file in your main moodle directory:</p>
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<p class="answercode">php_value session.save_path "/home/moodle/sessions"</p>
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<p class="answercode"> </p>
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<h3><a name="fixdirroot"></a>When I go to the admin page, I get told to make dirroot blank!</h3>
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<p class="answer">If you see errors like this in Moodle 1.0.9:</p>
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<table class=generalbox cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5 align=center border=0>
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<td bgcolor=#ffbbbb>Please fix your settings in config.php:
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<p>$CFG->dirroot = "/home/users/fred/public_html/moodle";
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<p>$CFG->dirroot = "";</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
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<p class="answer">then you have encountered a small bug that occurs on some servers. The problem is with the error-checking mechanism, not with your actual path. To fix it, find this line (line 66) in the file admin/index.php: </p>
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<p class="answercode">if ($dirroot != $CFG->dirroot) {</p>
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<p class="answer">and change it to this:</p>
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<p class="answercode">if (!empty($dirroot) and $dirroot != $CFG->dirroot) {</p>
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<p class="answercode"> </p>
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<h3><a name="loginsetting"></a>I login but don't appear to be. I am logged in and can navigate freely.</h3>
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<p class="answer">Make sure the URL in your $CFG->wwwroot setting is exactly the
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same as the one you are actually using to access the site.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="resource1"></a>When trying to add a resource I receive error messages.</h3>
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<p class="answer">Assuming you are using Apache, then it's quite likely that your
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setting in config.php for $CFG->wwwroot is different from the actual URL you
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are using to access the site. Also try turning off "<b>secureforms</b>" in the
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="noadmin"></a>During the initial setting-up process, I never get asked to create an admin account!</h3>
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<p class="answer">This is a known bug in versions of Moodle up to 1.0.9, now fixed in the main code and version 1.1.</p>
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<p class="answer">It doesn't affect all people, it only occurs when the person installing Moodle has a
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cookie in their browser from another program on the same site, called "user", "admin", or "teacher".</p>
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<p class="answer">Quick fixes include deleting those cookies from your browser before installing, using a different browser, or editing the file moodle/admin/user.php to insert these lines near the top:</p>
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<p class="answercode">unset($user);<br />unset($admin);<br />unset($teacher);</p>
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<p class="answer">After performing any of these fixes it might be a good idea
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to drop all the tables in your database and re-install again from scratch.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="nologin"></a>I can't log in - I just stay stuck on the login screen.</h3>
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<p class="answer">The most common cause for this is that your own computer (not your Moodle server)
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has a firewall that is stripping referrer information from the browser. Here are
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some instructions for fixing <a href="http://service1.symantec.com/SUPPORT/nip.nsf/46f26a2d6dafb0a788256bc7005c3fa3/b9b47ad7eddd343b88256c6b006a85a8?OpenDocument&src=bar_sch_nam">Norton firewall products</a>.</p>
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<p class="answer">The server admin can also fix this for everyone by editing the Moodle configuration
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page and changing the variable "<b>secureforms</b>" to "No".</p>
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<p class="answer">Another possible cause of this problem is that sessions are
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not configured properly on the server. You can test this by calling the script
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http://yourserver/moodle/lib/session-test.php.</p>
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="backup"></a>How do I backup my whole Moodle site?</h3>
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<p class="answer">There are two main things you need to make a copy of: the database and the uploaded files. The Moodle scripts themselves are less important, since you can always download a fresh copy if you have to.</p>
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<p class="answer">There are many ways to do such backups. Here is an outline of a little script you can run on Unix to backup the database (it works well to have such a script run daily via a cron task</p>
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<p class="answercode">cd /my/backup/directory</p>
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<p class="answercode">mv moodle-database.sql.gz moodle-database-old.sql.gz</p>
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<p class="answercode">mysqldump -h example.com -u myusername --password=mypassword -C -Q -e -a mydatabasename > moodle-database.sql</p>
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<p class="answercode">gzip moodle-database.sql</p>
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<p class="answer">For the files, you can use rsync regularly to copy only the changed files to another host:</p>
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<p class="answercode">rsync -auvtz --delete -e ssh mysshusername@example.com:/my/server/directory
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/my/backup/directory/</p>
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<p class="answercode"> </p>
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<h3><a name="locale"></a>Why doesn't my Moodle site display the time & date correctly?</h3>
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<p class="answer">Each language requires a specific language code (called a <strong>locale</strong>
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code) to allow dates to be displayed correctly. The language packs contain default
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standard codes, but sometimes these don't work on Windows servers. </p>
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<p class="answer">You can find the correct locale codes for Windows on these two
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pages: <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_language_strings.asp" target="_blank">Language
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codes</a> and <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_country_strings.asp" target="_blank">Country/region
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codes</a>.(eg "esp_esp" for spanish)</p>
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<p class="answer">These new locale codes can be entered on the Admin -> Configure
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-> Variables page, where they override the ones in the currently chosen language
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<p class="answer"> </p>
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<h3><a name="cron"></a>Email copies are not being sent
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<p class="answer">You <strong>must</strong> set up cron properly if you want Moodle
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to send out automatic email from forums, journals, assignments etc. This same
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process also performs a number of clean-up tasks such as deleting old unconfirmed
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users, unenrolling old students and so on.</p>
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<p class="answer">Basically, you need to set up a process to regularly call the
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script http://yoursite/admin/cron.php. Please see <a href="./?file=install.html#cron">the
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section on cron in the Installation documentation</a>.</p>
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<p class="answer">Tip: Try the default setting in Moodle variables page. Leave the smtphost blank.
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This will be acceptable for the majority of users.
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<p class="answer">
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<p class="answer">
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<p align="center" class="normaltext"><a href='mailto:ma%72%74in@%6d%6fo%64%6c%65.o%72g' title='martin@moodle.org'>Suggest
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a new FAQ</a> (include the answer!)</p>
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<p align="right"><strong><em>Thanks to John Eyre for helping to maintain this
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FAQ.</em></strong></p>
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<p align="center"><font size="1"><a href="." target="_top">Moodle Documentation</a></font></p>
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<p align="center"><font size="1">Version: $Id: faq.html,v 1.6 2003/03/30 13:54:28
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moodler Exp $</font></p>
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