1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
3
<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
4
<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
5
<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
6
<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
7
<!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide">
8
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope">
9
<!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04">
10
<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009">
11
<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty">
12
<!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope">
13
<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.28">
14
<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.3">
15
<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.9">
16
<!ENTITY python-version "2.5.4">
17
<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
18
<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml">
19
<!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
20
<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
21
<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
22
<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
23
<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
24
<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
25
<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
26
<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
27
<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
28
<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
29
<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
30
<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
31
<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
32
<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
33
<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
34
<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
35
<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
36
<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
37
<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
38
<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
39
<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
40
<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
41
<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
42
<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
43
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
44
<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
45
<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
46
<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
47
<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
48
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
49
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
50
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
51
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
52
<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
53
<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
54
<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
55
<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
56
<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
57
<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
58
<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
59
<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
60
<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
61
<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
62
<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
63
<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
64
<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
65
<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
66
<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
67
<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
68
<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
69
<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
70
<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
71
<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
72
<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
73
<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
74
<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
75
<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
76
<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
77
<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
78
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
79
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
80
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
81
<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
82
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
83
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
84
<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
85
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
86
<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
87
<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
88
<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
89
<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
90
<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
91
<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
92
<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
93
<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
94
<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
95
<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
96
<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
97
<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
98
<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
99
<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
100
<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
101
<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
102
<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
103
<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
104
<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
105
<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
106
<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
107
<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
108
<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
109
<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
110
<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
111
<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
112
<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
113
<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
114
<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
115
<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
116
<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
117
<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
118
<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
119
<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
120
<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
121
<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
122
<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
123
<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
124
<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
125
<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
126
<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
127
<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
128
<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
129
<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
130
<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
131
<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
132
<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
133
<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
134
<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
135
<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
136
<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
137
<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
138
<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
139
<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
140
<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
141
<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
142
<!ENTITY Breton "br">
143
<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
144
<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
147
<!ENTITY Danish "da">
148
<!ENTITY German "de">
149
<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
151
<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
152
<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
153
<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
154
<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
155
<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
156
<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
157
<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
159
<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
160
<!ENTITY French "fr">
161
<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
163
<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
164
<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
165
<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
166
<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
167
<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
170
<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
171
<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
172
<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
173
<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
174
<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
175
<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
176
<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
177
<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
178
<!ENTITY Italian "it">
179
<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
180
<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
181
<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
182
<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
183
<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
184
<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
185
<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
186
<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
187
<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
188
<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
189
<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
190
<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
191
<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
193
<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
194
<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
195
<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
196
<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
197
<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
198
<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
200
<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
201
<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
202
<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
203
<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
204
<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
206
<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
207
<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
209
<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
211
<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
212
<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
216
<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
217
<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
218
<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
219
<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
220
<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
221
<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
222
<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
223
<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
224
<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
225
<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
226
<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
227
<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
228
<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
229
<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
230
<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
231
<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
232
<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
233
<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
234
<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
236
<!ENTITY Somali "so">
237
<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
238
<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
239
<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
240
<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
241
<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
242
<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
243
<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
245
<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
248
<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
249
<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
250
<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
251
<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
253
<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
254
<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
257
<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
260
<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
261
<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
264
<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
265
<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
267
<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
268
<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
269
<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
270
<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
271
<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
272
<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
273
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
274
<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
275
<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
276
<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
277
<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
278
<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
279
<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
280
<!ENTITY licenses SYSTEM "../common/C/licenses.xml">
281
<!ENTITY klegalnotice SYSTEM "legalnotice.xml">
282
<!ENTITY % kde SYSTEM "../../../libs/kde.ent">
283
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY kde-version "4.2.1">
284
<!ENTITY adept "Adept">
285
<!ENTITY appshort "<application>Adept</application>">
286
<!ENTITY different-user "kdesudo">
287
<!ENTITY % kde-menus-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/kde-menus-C.ent">
288
<!-- Application Launcher Screenshots before Keyboard Shortcuts section --><!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS AT THE VERY END --><!-- KDE MENU Entries Organized as the the show up in the Application Launcher (kickoff) --><!-- APLICATION LAUNCHER MENUS
290
This will help us shorten the amount of typing we have to do for adding new
291
menu items. It is pretty straight forward.
292
--><!-- Common Stuff --><!ENTITY mal "<guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu>">
293
<!ENTITY malapp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Applications</guisubmenu>">
294
<!ENTITY malfav "&mal;<guisubmenu>Favorites</guisubmenu>">
295
<!ENTITY malcmp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Computer</guisubmenu>">
296
<!ENTITY maluse "&mal;<guisubmenu>Recently Used</guisubmenu>">
297
<!ENTITY mallve "&mal;<guisubmenu>Leave</guisubmenu>">
298
<!-- Applications Submenus --><!ENTITY maldev "&mal;<guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>">
299
<!ENTITY maledu "&mal;<guisubmenu>Education</guisubmenu>">
300
<!ENTITY malgms "&mal;<guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu>">
301
<!ENTITY malgrp "&mal;<guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>">
302
<!ENTITY malnet "&mal;<guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>">
303
<!ENTITY malmmd "&mal;<guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>">
304
<!ENTITY maloff "&mal;<guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>">
305
<!ENTITY malset "&mal;<guisubmenu>Settings</guisubmenu>">
306
<!ENTITY malsys "&mal;<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>">
307
<!ENTITY malutl "&mal;<guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>">
308
<!-- APPLICATIONS --><!ENTITY menuhelp "<menuchoice>&malapp;<guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
309
<!-- Development --><!ENTITY menueclipse "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Eclipse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
310
<!ENTITY menugambas "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
311
<!ENTITY menukdevelop "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
312
<!ENTITY menumonodev "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
313
<!ENTITY menumonodoc "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
314
<!ENTITY menuqt4designer "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Qt4 Designer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
315
<!ENTITY menudevhelp "<menuchoice>&maldev;<guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
316
<!-- Education --><!-- Favorites --><!ENTITY menusysset "<menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu>
317
<guisubmenu>Favorites</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
318
<!-- Games --><!--Graphics --><!ENTITY menudigikam "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Photo Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
319
<!ENTITY menugimp "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
320
<!ENTITY menugwenview "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
321
<!ENTITY menuinkscape "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Inkscape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
322
<!ENTITY menukooka "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scan & OCR Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
323
<!ENTITY menukpdf "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>PDF Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
324
<!ENTITY menukrita "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Painting and Image Editing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
325
<!ENTITY menuksnap "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Screen Capture Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
326
<!ENTITY menuscribus "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
327
<!ENTITY menuoodraw "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Drawing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
328
<!ENTITY menublender "<menuchoice>&malgrp;<guimenuitem>Blender</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
329
<!-- Internet --><!ENTITY menubluechat "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
330
<!ENTITY menublueobex "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Bluetooth OBEX Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
331
<!ENTITY menuff "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
332
<!ENTITY menuknetmgr "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Network Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
333
<!ENTITY menukonqi "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
334
<!ENTITY menukonv "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
335
<!ENTITY menukopete "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Instant Messager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
336
<!ENTITY menukppp "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Internet Dial-Up Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
337
<!ENTITY menukrdc "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Remote Desktop Connection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
338
<!ENTITY menukrfb "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Desktop Sharing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
339
<!ENTITY menuktorrent "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>BitTorrent Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
340
<!ENTITY menuakregator "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>Akregator - RSS Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
341
<!ENTITY menuquassel "<menuchoice>&malnet;<guimenuitem>IRC Client (Quassel IRC)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
342
<!-- Multimedia --><!ENTITY menuk3b "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>CD & DVD Burning (K3b)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
343
<!ENTITY menuamarok "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Music Player (Amarok)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
344
<!ENTITY menudragon "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Video Player (Dragon)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
345
<!ENTITY menukino "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Kino</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
346
<!ENTITY menuaudacity "<menuchoice>&malmmd;<guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
347
<!-- Office --><!ENTITY menukontact "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Personal Information Manager (Kontact)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
348
<!ENTITY menuooimpress "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Presentation (OpenOffice.org Presentation)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
349
<!ENTITY menuoocalc "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
350
<!ENTITY menuoowriter "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>Word Processor (OpenOffice.org Word Processor)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
351
<!ENTITY menukmymoney "<menuchoice>&maloff;<guimenuitem>KMyMoney2</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
352
<!-- Science & Math --><!-- Settings --><!-- System --><!ENTITY menuadept "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Adept)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
353
<!ENTITY menukpackagekit "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Software Management (KPackageKit)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
354
<!ENTITY menukonsole "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Terminal (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
355
<!ENTITY menuqtparted "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Partition Manager (QtParted)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
356
<!ENTITY menuar "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Package Manager (Add/Remove)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
357
<!ENTITY menukuser "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>User Manager (KUser)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
358
<!ENTITY menuhardwaredrivers "<menuchoice>&malsys;<guimenuitem>Hardware Drivers</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
359
<!-- Utilities --><!ENTITY menukaramba "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>SuperKaramba</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
360
<!ENTITY menukate "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>Advanced Text Editor (Kate)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
361
<!ENTITY menukeep "<menuchoice>&malutl;<guimenuitem>Keep</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
362
<!-- Lost & Found --><!-- Application Launcher - Leave --><!ENTITY menulogout "<menuchoice>&mallve;<guimenuitem>Logout (End Session)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
363
<!ENTITY menulock "<menuchoice>&mallve;<guimenuitem>Lock (Lock the screen)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
364
<!-- APPLICATION LAUNCHER IMAGES --><!-- Applications --><!ENTITY a_l_apps '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications</title>
365
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_applications.png" format="PNG" />
366
</imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
367
<!-- Applications - Development --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_dev '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Development</title>
368
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_development.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
369
<!-- Applications - Graphics --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_graphics '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Graphics</title>
370
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_graphics.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
371
<!-- Applications - Internet --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_internet '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Internet</title>
372
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_internet.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
373
<!-- Applications - Multimedia --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_multi '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Multimedia</title>
374
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_multimedia.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
375
<!-- Applications - Office --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_office '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Office</title>
376
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_office.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
377
<!-- Applications - Settings --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_settings '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Settings</title>
378
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_settings.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
379
<!-- Applications - System --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_system '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - System</title>
380
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_system.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
381
<!-- Applications - Utilities --><!ENTITY a_l_apps_utils '<example><title>Application Launcher - Applications - Utilities</title>
382
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_application_utilities.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
383
<!-- Computer --><!ENTITY a_l_computer '<example><title>Application Launcher - Computer</title>
384
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_computer.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
385
<!-- Favorites --><!ENTITY a_l_favs '<example><title>Application Launcher - Favorites</title>
386
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_favorites.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
387
<!-- Leave --><!ENTITY a_l_leave '<example><title>Application Launcher - Leave</title>
388
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_leave.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
389
<!-- Recently Used --><!ENTITY a_l_used '<example><title>Application Launcher - Recently Used</title>
390
<mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata fileref="../../images/C/application_launcher_recently_used.png" format="PNG" /></imageobject></mediaobject></example>'>
391
<!-- END APPLICATION LAUNCHER IMAGES --><!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS --><!ENTITY ctrlaltf1 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>">
392
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf2 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>">
393
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf3 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F3</keycap></keycombo>">
394
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf4 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F4</keycap></keycombo>">
395
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf5 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>">
396
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf6 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>">
397
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf7 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo>">
398
<!ENTITY ctrlaltbkspc "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap></keycombo>">
399
<!ENTITY % kde-general SYSTEM "/usr/share/apps/ksgmltools2/customization/obsolete/general.entities">
401
KDE general entities for DocBook as used in the KDE documentation
403
Copyright (C) 2002 Frederik Fouvry
405
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
406
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
407
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
408
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
410
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
411
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
412
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
413
GNU General Public License for more details.
415
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
416
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
417
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
419
Send suggestions, comments, etc. to the KDE docbook list
420
<kde-docbook@kde.org>.
425
Refer to this file as
427
"-//KDE//ENTITIES DocBook XML General Entity Declarations V1.1//EN"
429
This file contains what dbgenent.mod should contain and is read
430
after all other files just like dbgenent.mod should be.
432
--><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- Extensions to the DocBook DTD --><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- E.g. KDE specific entities (see also dbgenent.mod for this) --><!-- Legal texts we put in a specific place
433
so that we don't need to cut'n'paste them to every doc
434
--><!ENTITY GPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA SGML>
435
<!ENTITY GPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA linespecific>
436
<!ENTITY GPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/gpl-notice.docbook">
437
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML (why?) --><!ENTITY LGPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA SGML>
438
<!ENTITY LGPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA linespecific>
439
<!ENTITY LGPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/lgpl-notice.docbook">
440
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML --><!ENTITY FDL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA SGML>
441
<!ENTITY FDL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA linespecific>
442
<!-- FDLNotice is defined in lang.entities (why?) --><!-- KDE index generation
443
Set addindex to IGNORE to stop index generation
444
Indices are generated on the fly, so no intermediate file is needed
445
--><!ENTITY % addindex "INCLUDE">
446
<!ENTITY documentation.index "<index></index>">
447
<!--ENTITY kapp "(Oops - someone forgot to fill in the application name here)" --><!-- Entities to fill in slots in docbook version of FDL notice --><!ENTITY % FDLIS "IGNORE">
448
<!ENTITY % FDLFCT "IGNORE">
449
<!ENTITY % FDLBCT "IGNORE">
450
<!-- These are the language-independent entities. They can be (more
451
or less) freely extended. Keep this list sorted and sensible.
452
Make sure you always add full markup to the text.
454
Naming policy: name the entity like you would see the text
455
(inclusive case). KDE entities are always lowercased. Spaces
456
are omitted. Examples: Qt (for "Qt"), RedHat (for "Red Hat"),
457
kfloppy (for "KFloppy") . (Entity names cannot start with digits,
458
in that case, use the written form for the first digit.)
460
DO NOT JUST RENAME ENTITIES! That implies removal of an existing
461
entity and that may change the validity of documents, which must
462
not happen. Place the name you wish to remove in the list of
463
obsolete entities (depending on the case, the expansion is
464
redefined or kept as it was); the new name goes in the official list.
465
A later version of the DTD (with another version number!) will
466
effectively remove these entities. In that way, old documents
467
remain valid, while new ones can only use the new declarations.
468
--><!ENTITY AIX "<trademark class='registered'>AIX</trademark>">
469
<!ENTITY aktion "<application>aKtion</application>">
470
<!ENTITY amor "<application>AMOR</application>">
471
<!ENTITY ark "<application>Ark</application>">
472
<!ENTITY arts "<application>aRts</application>">
473
<!ENTITY arts-builder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
474
<!ENTITY artscontrol "<application>artscontrol</application>">
475
<!ENTITY artsd "<application>artsd</application>">
476
<!ENTITY artsdsp "<application>artsdsp</application>">
477
<!ENTITY artsserver "<application>artsserver</application>">
478
<!ENTITY artsshell "<application>artsshell</application>">
479
<!ENTITY artswrapper "<application>artswrapper</application>">
480
<!ENTITY ATAPI "<acronym>ATAPI</acronym>">
481
<!ENTITY atlantik "<application>Atlantik</application>">
482
<!ENTITY brahms "<application>Brahms</application>">
483
<!ENTITY catalogmanager "<application>Catalog Manager</application>">
484
<!ENTITY CD "<acronym>CD</acronym>">
485
<!ENTITY CDE "<acronym>CDE</acronym>">
486
<!ENTITY CD-ROM "<acronym>CD-ROM</acronym>">
487
<!ENTITY cervisia "<application>Cervisia</application>">
488
<!ENTITY CSS "<trademark>CSS</trademark>">
489
<!ENTITY CUPS "<acronym>CUPS</acronym>">
490
<!ENTITY drkonqi "<application>DrKonqi</application>">
491
<!ENTITY DCOP "<acronym>DCOP</acronym>">
492
<!ENTITY DVI "<acronym>DVI</acronym>">
493
<!ENTITY ELF "<acronym>ELF</acronym>">
494
<!ENTITY Emacs "<application>Emacs</application>">
495
<!ENTITY flashkard "<application>FlashKard</application>">
496
<!ENTITY FTP "<acronym>FTP</acronym>">
497
<!ENTITY gcc "<command>gcc</command>">
498
<!ENTITY GIF "<acronym>GIF</acronym>">
499
<!ENTITY GMT "<acronym>GMT</acronym>">
500
<!ENTITY GNU "<acronym>GNU</acronym>">
501
<!ENTITY GUI "<acronym>GUI</acronym>">
502
<!ENTITY Handspring "<trademark>Handspring</trademark>">
503
<!ENTITY Hewlett-Packard '<trademark class="registered">Hewlett-Packard</trademark>'>
504
<!ENTITY HotSync '<trademark class="registered">HotSync</trademark>'>
505
<!ENTITY HP '<trademark class="registered">HP</trademark>'>
506
<!ENTITY HP-UX '<trademark class="registered">HP-UX</trademark>'>
507
<!ENTITY HTTP "<acronym>HTTP</acronym>">
508
<!ENTITY IRIX '<trademark class="registered">IRIX</trademark>'>
509
<!ENTITY Java "<trademark>Java</trademark>">
510
<!ENTITY Jini "<trademark>Jini</trademark>">
511
<!ENTITY kab2 "<application>Kab2</application>">
512
<!ENTITY kenolaba "<application>Kenolaba</application>">
513
<!ENTITY kaboodle "<application>Kaboodle</application>">
514
<!ENTITY kaddressbook "<application>KAddressBook</application>">
515
<!ENTITY kalarm "<application>KAlarm</application>">
516
<!ENTITY kalarmd "<application>KAlarmd</application>">
517
<!ENTITY kalzium "<application>Kalzium</application>">
518
<!ENTITY kamera "<application>Kamera</application>">
519
<!ENTITY kandy "<application>Kandy</application>">
520
<!ENTITY kappfinder "<application>Kappfinder</application>">
521
<!ENTITY kaphorism "<application>KAphorism</application>">
522
<!ENTITY karm "<application>KArm</application>">
523
<!ENTITY kasteroids "<application>KAsteroids</application>">
524
<!ENTITY kate "<application>Kate</application>">
525
<!ENTITY katomic "<application>KAtomic</application>">
526
<!ENTITY kbabel "<application>KBabel</application>">
527
<!ENTITY kbabeldict "<application>KBabelDict</application>">
528
<!ENTITY kbackgammon "<application>KBackgammon</application>">
529
<!ENTITY kbattleship "<application>KBattleship</application>">
530
<!ENTITY kbiff "<application>KBiff</application>">
531
<!ENTITY kblackbox "<application>KBlackbox</application>">
532
<!ENTITY kbounce "<application>KBounce</application>">
533
<!ENTITY kbugbuster "<application>kbugbuster</application>">
534
<!ENTITY kcalc "<application>KCalc</application>">
535
<!ENTITY kcharselect "<application>KCharSelect</application>">
536
<!ENTITY kchart "<application>KChart</application>">
537
<!ENTITY kchat "<application>KChat</application>">
538
<!ENTITY kcontrol "<application>KControl</application>">
539
<!ENTITY kcron "<application>KCron</application>">
540
<!ENTITY kdat "<application>KDat</application>">
541
<!ENTITY kdebugdialog "<application>KDebugDialog</application>">
542
<!ENTITY kde-http '<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">http://www.kde.org/</ulink>'>
543
<!ENTITY kde-ftp '<ulink url="ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/">ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/</ulink>'>
544
<!ENTITY kdepasswd "<application>kdepasswd</application>">
545
<!ENTITY kdesktop "<application>KDesktop</application>">
546
<!ENTITY kdessh "<application>kdessh</application>">
547
<!ENTITY kdesu "<application>KDE su</application>">
548
<!ENTITY kdiskfree "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
549
<!ENTITY kdict "<application>KDict</application>">
550
<!ENTITY kdm "<application>kdm</application>">
551
<!ENTITY kdvi "<application>KDVI</application>">
552
<!ENTITY kedit "<application>KEdit</application>">
553
<!ENTITY keduca "<application>KEduca</application>">
554
<!ENTITY keystone "<application>Keystone</application>">
555
<!ENTITY kfax "<application>KFax</application>">
556
<!ENTITY kfaxview "<application>Kfaxview</application>">
557
<!ENTITY kfind "<application>KFind</application>">
558
<!ENTITY kfloppy "<application>Kfloppy</application>">
559
<!ENTITY kformula "<application>KFormula</application>">
560
<!ENTITY kfouleggs "<application>KFoulEggs</application>">
561
<!ENTITY kfract "<application>KFract</application>">
562
<!ENTITY khangman "<application>KHangMan</application>">
563
<!ENTITY kgeo "<application>KGeo</application>">
564
<!ENTITY kghostview "<application>KGhostView</application>">
565
<!ENTITY khelpcenter "<application>KHelpCenter</application>">
566
<!ENTITY khexedit "<application>KHexEdit</application>">
567
<!ENTITY kicker "<application>Kicker</application>">
568
<!ENTITY kiconedit "<application>KIconEdit</application>">
569
<!ENTITY kikbd "<application>kikbd</application>">
570
<!ENTITY kit "<application>Kit</application>">
571
<!ENTITY kiten "<application>Kiten</application>">
572
<!ENTITY kivio "<application>Kivio</application>">
573
<!ENTITY kjots "<application>KJots</application>">
574
<!ENTITY kjumpingcube "<application>KJumpingCube</application>">
575
<!ENTITY klaptop "<application>KLaptop</application>">
576
<!ENTITY klatin "<application>KLatin</application>">
577
<!ENTITY klettres "<application>KLettres</application>">
578
<!ENTITY kolorlines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
579
<!ENTITY klipper "<application>Klipper</application>">
580
<!ENTITY kljettool "<application>KLjettool</application>">
581
<!ENTITY klpq "<application>Klpq</application>">
582
<!ENTITY klprfax "<application>Klprfax</application>">
583
<!ENTITY kmahjongg "<application>KMahjongg</application>">
584
<!ENTITY kmail "<application>KMail</application>">
585
<!ENTITY kmathtool "<application>KMathTool</application>">
586
<!ENTITY kmenuedit "<application>kmenuedit</application>">
587
<!ENTITY kmessedwords "<application>KMessedWords</application>">
588
<!ENTITY kmid "<application>KMid</application>">
589
<!ENTITY kmidi "<application>KMidi</application>">
590
<!ENTITY kmines "<application>KMines</application>">
591
<!ENTITY kmix "<application>KMix</application>">
592
<!ENTITY kmplot "<application>KmPlot</application>">
593
<!ENTITY knewsticker "<application>KNewsTicker</application>">
594
<!ENTITY knode "<application>KNode</application>">
595
<!ENTITY knotes "<application>KNotes</application>">
596
<!ENTITY knorskverbs "<application>KNorskVerbs</application>">
597
<!ENTITY kodometer "<application>KOdometer</application>">
598
<!ENTITY koffice "<application>KOffice</application>">
599
<!ENTITY kolf "<application>Kolf</application>">
600
<!ENTITY kompare "<application>Kompare</application>">
601
<!ENTITY koncd "<application>KOnCD</application>">
602
<!ENTITY konqueror "<application>Konqueror</application>">
603
<!ENTITY konquest "<application>Konquest</application>">
604
<!ENTITY konsole "<application>Konsole</application>">
605
<!ENTITY kontour "<application>Kontour</application>">
606
<!ENTITY kooka "<application>Kooka</application>">
607
<!ENTITY korganizer "<application>KOrganizer</application>">
608
<!ENTITY korn "<application>KOrn</application>">
609
<!ENTITY koshell "<application>KOShell</application>">
610
<!ENTITY kotalkd "<application>KOTalkd</application>">
611
<!ENTITY kpackage "<application>KPackage</application>">
612
<!ENTITY kpager "<application>KPager</application>">
613
<!ENTITY kpaint "<application>KPaint</application>">
614
<!ENTITY kpanel "<application>KPanel</application>">
615
<!ENTITY kpatience "<application>KPatience</application>">
616
<!ENTITY kpercentage "<application>KPercentage</application>">
617
<!ENTITY kpilot "<application>KPilot</application>">
618
<!ENTITY kpf "<application>kpf</application>">
619
<!ENTITY kpm "<application>Kpm</application>">
620
<!ENTITY kpresenter "<application>KPresenter</application>">
621
<!ENTITY kpoker "<application>KPoker</application>">
622
<!ENTITY kpovmodeler "<application>KPovModeler</application>">
623
<!ENTITY kppp "<application>KPPP</application>">
624
<!ENTITY kreatecd "<application>KreateCD</application>">
625
<!ENTITY krec "<application>KRec</application>">
626
<!ENTITY kregexpeditor "<application>KRegExpEditor</application>">
627
<!ENTITY kreversi "<application>KReversi</application>">
628
<!ENTITY krita "<application>Krita</application>">
629
<!ENTITY kruler "<application>KRuler</application>">
630
<!ENTITY ksame "<application>KSame</application>">
631
<!ENTITY kscd "<application>KsCD</application>">
632
<!ENTITY kscore "<application>KScore</application>">
633
<!ENTITY kscreensaver "<application>KScreensaver</application>">
634
<!ENTITY ksgmltools "<application>ksgmltools</application>">
635
<!ENTITY kshisen "<application>KShisen</application>">
636
<!ENTITY ksim "<application>KSim</application>">
637
<!ENTITY ksirc "<application>KSirc</application>">
638
<!ENTITY ksirtet "<application>KSirtet</application>">
639
<!ENTITY ksmiletris "<application>KSmiletris</application>">
640
<!ENTITY ksnake "<application>KSnake</application>">
641
<!ENTITY ksnapshot "<application>KSnapshot</application>">
642
<!ENTITY ksokoban "<application>KSokoban</application>">
643
<!ENTITY kspaceduel "<application>KSpaceDuel</application>">
644
<!ENTITY kspell "<application>KSpell</application>">
645
<!ENTITY kspread "<application>KSpread</application>">
646
<!ENTITY kstars "<application>KStars</application>">
647
<!ENTITY kstart "<application>kstart</application>">
648
<!ENTITY ksysctrl "<application>KSysctrl</application>">
649
<!ENTITY ksysguard "<application>KSysguard</application>">
650
<!ENTITY ksysv "<application>KSysV</application>">
651
<!ENTITY ktalk "<application>KTalk</application>">
652
<!ENTITY ktalkd "<application>KTalkd</application>">
653
<!ENTITY kteatime "<application>KTeaTime</application>">
654
<!ENTITY kthesaurus "<application>KThesaurus</application>">
655
<!ENTITY ktimemon "<application>KTimemon</application>">
656
<!ENTITY ktimer "<application>KTimer</application>">
657
<!ENTITY ktip "<application>KTip</application>">
658
<!ENTITY ktouch "<application>KTouch</application>">
659
<!ENTITY ktron "<application>KTron</application>">
660
<!ENTITY ktuberling "<application>KTuberling</application>">
661
<!ENTITY kugar "<application>Kugar</application>">
662
<!ENTITY kuickshow "<application>KuickShow</application>">
663
<!ENTITY kuser "<application>KUser</application>">
664
<!ENTITY kview "<application>KView</application>">
665
<!ENTITY kviewshell "<application>KViewshell</application>">
666
<!ENTITY kvoctrain "<application>KVocTrain</application>">
667
<!ENTITY kworldclock "<application>KWorldClock</application>">
668
<!ENTITY kword "<application>KWord</application>">
669
<!ENTITY kwin "<application>KWin</application>">
670
<!ENTITY k4wins "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
671
<!ENTITY kwrite "<application>KWrite</application>">
672
<!ENTITY kwuftpd "<application>kwuftpd</application>">
673
<!ENTITY LaserJet '<trademark class="registered">LaserJet</trademark>'>
674
<!ENTITY lisa "<application>Lisa</application>">
675
<!ENTITY Linux '<trademark class="registered">Linux</trademark>'>
676
<!ENTITY Linux-Mandrake "<trademark>Linux-Mandrake</trademark>">
677
<!ENTITY LinuxPPC "<trademark>LinuxPPC</trademark>">
678
<!ENTITY lskat "<application>Lskat</application>">
679
<!ENTITY LZW "<acronym>LZW</acronym>">
680
<!ENTITY Mac '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark>'>
681
<!ENTITY MacOS '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark> <acronym>OS</acronym>'>
682
<!ENTITY Mandrake "<trademark>Mandrake</trademark>">
683
<!ENTITY megami "<application>Megami</application>">
684
<!ENTITY Microsoft '<trademark class="registered">Microsoft</trademark>'>
685
<!ENTITY MIDI "<acronym>MIDI</acronym>">
686
<!ENTITY MIME "<acronym>MIME</acronym>">
687
<!ENTITY moonphase "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
688
<!ENTITY Motif '<trademark class="registered">Motif</trademark>'>
689
<!ENTITY MRU "<acronym>MRU</acronym>">
690
<!ENTITY MTU "<acronym>MTU</acronym>">
691
<!ENTITY MusiXTeX "<application>MusiXTeX</application>">
692
<!ENTITY Netscape '<trademark class="registered">Netscape</trademark>'>
693
<!ENTITY NeXTSTEP "<trademark>NeXTSTEP</trademark>">
694
<!ENTITY noatun "<application>Noatun</application>">
695
<!ENTITY PalmOS '<trademark class="registered">Palm OS</trademark>'>
696
<!ENTITY PalmPilot "<productname><trademark>PalmPilot</trademark></productname>">
697
<!ENTITY PMX "<application>PMX</application>">
698
<!-- acronym too? --><!ENTITY PostScript '<trademark class="registered">PostScript</trademark>'>
699
<!ENTITY PPP "<acronym>PPP</acronym>">
700
<!ENTITY quanta "<application>Quanta</application>">
701
<!ENTITY quantaplus "<application>Quanta Plus</application>">
702
<!ENTITY Qt "<trademark>Qt</trademark>">
703
<!ENTITY RedHat '<trademark class="registered">Red Hat</trademark>'>
704
<!ENTITY reslisa "<application>ResLisa</application>">
705
<!ENTITY Sendmail '<application><trademark class="registered">sendmail</trademark></application>'>
706
<!ENTITY SMTP "<acronym>SMTP</acronym>">
707
<!ENTITY SGI "<trademark>SGI</trademark>">
708
<!ENTITY Solaris "<trademark>Solaris</trademark>">
709
<!ENTITY SuSE '<acronym><trademark class="registered">SuSE</trademark></acronym>'>
710
<!ENTITY ThreeCom '<trademark class="registered">3Com</trademark>'>
711
<!ENTITY tkmidi "<application>tkmidi</application>">
712
<!ENTITY TrueType '<trademark class="registered">TrueType</trademark>'>
713
<!ENTITY UNIX '<trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark>'>
714
<!ENTITY URL "<acronym>URL</acronym>">
715
<!ENTITY URI "<acronym>URI</acronym>">
716
<!ENTITY Visor "<trademark>Visor</trademark>">
717
<!ENTITY windowmaker "<application>Window Maker</application>">
718
<!ENTITY Windows '<trademark class="registered">Windows</trademark>'>
719
<!ENTITY WordNet '<trademark class="registered">WordNet</trademark>'>
720
<!ENTITY Wordperfect '<application><trademark class="registered">WordPerfect</trademark></application>'>
721
<!ENTITY X-Server "<application>X-Server</application>">
722
<!ENTITY XEmacs "<application>XEmacs</application>">
723
<!ENTITY X-Window '<trademark class="registered">X Window System</trademark>'>
724
<!ENTITY XHTML "<trademark>XHTML</trademark>">
725
<!ENTITY XML "<trademark>XML</trademark>">
726
<!ENTITY XSL "<trademark>XSL</trademark>">
727
<!-- Defaults, do NOT add anything to this without checking with the docbook
728
team. --><!ENTITY package "This application isn't part of a KDE package">
729
<!-- Obsolete entities --><!-- Put them here; they will be removed at some stage --><!ENTITY artsbuilder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
730
<!ENTITY kdf "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
731
<!ENTITY klaptopdaemon "<application>KLaptop</application>">
732
<!ENTITY klines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
733
<!ENTITY kmoon "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
734
<!ENTITY kodo "<application>KOdometer</application>">
735
<!ENTITY kpat "<application>KPatience</application>">
736
<!ENTITY kwin4 "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
737
<!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../../libs/xinclude.mod">
738
<!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?>
739
<!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
740
<!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED>
741
<!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml">
742
<!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED>
743
<!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED>
744
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED>
745
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED>
746
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED>
747
<!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY>
748
<!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
749
<!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include">
750
<!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include">
751
<!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include">
752
<!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include">
753
<!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include">
754
<!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include">
755
<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'">
756
<!ENTITY language "en">
758
<article id="basic-concepts" status="complete" lang="pt">
760
<title>Conceitos Básicos</title>
763
<title>Créditos e Licença</title>
764
<para>Este documento é mantido pela Equipa de Documentação Ubuntu (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). Para uma lista de contribuintes, veja a <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/contributors.html">página de contribuintes</ulink></para>
765
<para>Este documento é disponibilizado sob a licença Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 License (CC-BY-SA).</para>
766
<para>É livre para modificar, alargar e melhorar o código fonte da documentação do Ubuntu sobre os termos desta licença. Todos os trabalhos derivados devem ser disponibilizados sob esta licença.</para>
767
<para>Esta documentação é distribuída com a esperança de que seja útil, mas SEM NENHUMA GARANTIA; sem mesmo a garantia implícita de MERCANTIBILIDADE ou ADAPTAÇÃO A UM PROPÓSITO ESPECÍFICO COMO DESCRITO NAS DISPOSIÇÕES LEGAIS.</para>
768
<para>Uma cópia da licença está disponível aqui: <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/ccbysa.html">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para>
771
<year>2005-2009</year>
772
<holder>Canonical Ltd. e membros do Projecto de Documentação Ubuntu</holder>
775
<publishername>O Projecto de Documentação Ubuntu</publishername>
779
<para>Este capitulo irá introduzir os conceitos básicos que são uteis quando começando com o sistema Kubuntu.</para>
783
<!-- DIRECTORIES AND FILE SYSTEMS -->
784
<sect1 id="directories-file-systems" status="complete">
785
<title>Directórios e Sistemas de Ficheiros</title>
787
<para>No Linux e Unix tudo é um ficheiro. As directorias são ficheiros, os ficheiros são ficheiros. Os dispositivos são usualmente referidos como nós, apesar de, eles continuarem a ser ficheiros.</para>
789
<para>Os sistemas de ficheiros Linux e Unix estão organizados em uma estrutura em árvore hierarquica. O nivível mais alto do sistema de ficheiros é a <filename>/</filename> ou a diretoria raíz. Todos os outros ficheiros e diretorias existem abaixo da diretoria raíz. Por exemplo, <filename>/home/konqi/kubuntu.odt</filename>mostra o caminho completo correcto, ou caminho absoluto, para o ficheiro <filename>kubuntu.odt</filename> que existe na diretoria <filename>konqi</filename> que está abaixo da diretoria <filename>home</filename>, que por sua vez está abaixo da diretoria raíz (<filename>/</filename>).</para>
791
<para>Sob o directório root (<filename>/</filename>) existe um conjunto importante de directórios de sistema que são comuns à maioria das distribuições Linux usadas. A listagem seguinte contém os directórios comuns que existem directamente sob o directório root:</para>
794
<varlistentry><term><filename>/bin</filename></term>
796
<para>Comandos importantes, que historicamente têm sido <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ários, mas que também podem ser shell scripts.</para>
800
<varlistentry><term><filename>/boot</filename></term>
802
<para>Ficheiros de configuração de <emphasis>Arranque</emphasis>, kernel, e outros ficheiros necessários durante o <emphasis>arranque</emphasis></para>
806
<varlistentry><term><filename>/dev</filename></term>
808
<para>Os ficheiros de <emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice (dispositivo).</para>
812
<varlistentry><term><filename>/etc</filename></term>
814
<para>Ficheiros de Configuração, Scripts de inicialização, <emphasis>etc</emphasis>.</para>
818
<varlistentry><term><filename>/home</filename></term>
820
<para>Directorias <emphasis>Home</emphasis> para utilizadores diferentes.</para>
824
<varlistentry><term><filename>/initrd</filename></term>
826
<para>Usado para criar um <emphasis>D</emphasis>isco <emphasis>R</emphasis>AM <emphasis>inic</emphasis>ial personalizado.</para>
830
<varlistentry><term><filename>/lib</filename></term>
832
<para><emphasis>lib</emphasis>raries (bibliotecas) de sistema.</para>
836
<varlistentry><term><filename>/lost+found</filename></term>
838
<para>Fornece um sistema <emphasis>lost+found</emphasis> para ficheiros que existem abaixo da directoria raíz (<filename>/</filename>).</para>
842
<varlistentry><term><filename>/media</filename></term>
844
<para><emphasis>media</emphasis> removível automaticamente montado (carregado), tal como CDs, máquinas digitais, etc.</para>
848
<varlistentry><term><filename>/mnt</filename></term>
850
<para>Sistemas de ficheiros <emphasis>m</emphasis>o<emphasis>nt</emphasis>ados manualmente no seu disco rígido.</para>
854
<varlistentry><term><filename>/opt</filename></term>
857
<para>Fornece uma localização para applicações <emphasis>opt</emphasis>ional (opcionais) serem instaladas; estas são normalmente compiladas estaticamente e podem ser usadas em outras versões ou distribuições de Linux.</para>
861
<varlistentry><term><filename>/proc</filename></term>
863
<para>Diretoria especial dinâmica que conserva informação acerca do estado do sistema, incluindo <emphasis>proc</emphasis>essos currentemente em execução.</para>
867
<varlistentry><term><filename>/root</filename></term>
869
<para>Directório inicial do <emphasis>Root</emphasis>, pronunciado "barra-root".</para>
873
<varlistentry><term><filename>/sbin</filename></term>
876
<para><emphasis>Bin</emphasis>ários e scripts de <emphasis>s</emphasis>istema importantes, com o objectivo de serem executados como root.</para>
880
<varlistentry><term><filename>/srv</filename></term>
882
<para>Pode conter ficheiros que são <emphasis>s</emphasis>e<emphasis>rv</emphasis>idos a outros sistemas.</para>
886
<varlistentry><term><filename>/sys</filename></term>
888
<para>Semelhante ao sistema de ficheiros /proc, mas contêm informação de <emphasis>sys</emphasis>tem (sistema) não relacionada com processos em execução.</para>
892
<varlistentry><term><filename>/tmp</filename></term>
894
<para>Ficheiros <emphasis>t</emphasis>e<emphasis>mp</emphasis>orários.</para>
898
<varlistentry><term><filename>/usr</filename></term>
900
<para>Aplicações e ficheiros somente de leitura que estão em grande parte disponíveis para acesso por parte de todos <emphasis>us</emphasis>uá<emphasis>r</emphasis>ios (utilizadores).</para>
904
<varlistentry><term><filename>/var</filename></term>
906
<para>Ficheiros <emphasis>var</emphasis>iáveis tal como registos e bases de dados.</para>
914
<sect1 id="permissions" status="complete">
915
<title>Permissões</title>
917
<para>Todos os ficheiros num sistema Linux têm permissões que permitem ou previnem outros de os visualizar, modificar ou executar. O super utilizador "root" tem a possibilidade de aceder a qualquer ficheiro no sistema. Cada ficheiro tem as suas restrições de acesso, restrições de utilizador e uma associação com dono/grupo.</para>
919
<para>Cada ficheiro é segurado pelas três camadas de permissões seguintes, por ordem de importância:</para>
922
<varlistentry><term>utilizador</term>
924
<para>Aplica ao utilizador que é dono do ficheiro</para>
928
<varlistentry><term>grupo</term>
930
<para>Aplica ao grupo que está associado o ficheiro</para>
934
<varlistentry><term>outros</term>
936
<para>Aplica a todos os outros utilizadores</para>
941
<para>Dentro de cada um dos três conjuntos de permissões estão as permissões propriamente ditas. As permissões, bem como a maneira que se aplicam a ficheiros e directórios, estão resumidas abaixo:</para>
944
<varlistentry><term>leitura</term>
946
<para>Ficheiros ou conteúdos de diretoria que podem ser apenas <emphasis>vistos</emphasis>.</para>
950
<varlistentry><term>escrita</term>
952
<para>Ficheiros ou conteúdos de diretoria que podem ser modificados ou apagados.</para>
956
<varlistentry><term>execução</term>
958
<para>Ficheiros que podem ser executados como um programa ou diretorias que podem ser acedidas.</para>
963
<para>Para ver e modificar as permissões em ficheiros e diretorias, primeiro abra o <application>Konqueror</application> no modo gestor de ficheiros selecionando <guilabel>Home Folder</guilabel> a partir do <guimenu>System Menu</guimenu> que se encontra junto do ícone do <application>KMenu</application> no canto inferior esquerdo do ecrã. Para mostrar a caixa de diálogo que permite modificar as permissões, clique com o botão <mousebutton>direito</mousebutton> do rato em um ficheiro ou diretoria, e de seguida selecione <guimenu>Propriedades</guimenu>. As permissões são encontradas na aba <guilabel>Permissões</guilabel> e permitem mudar todos os níveis de permissão, se for o dono do ficheiro.</para>
966
<!-- ROOT AND SUDO -->
967
<sect1 id="root-and-sudo" status="complete">
968
<title>Root e Sudo</title>
970
<para>O utilizador root em linux é o utilizador que tem acesso administrativo ao sistema. Utilizadores normais não têm este acesso por razões de segurança. O Kubuntu não activa o utilizador root. Assim, o acesso é garantido a utilizadores individuais, que podem usar a aplicação "sudo" para executar tarefas administrativas. A primeira conta de utilizador criada no sistema durante a instalação terá, por omissão, acesso ao sudo <emphasis>s</emphasis>uper <emphasis>u</emphasis>ser <emphasis>do</emphasis>. Poderá retirar e conceder acesso ao sudo a utilizadores com a aplicação <application>Utilizadores e Grupos</application> (reveja a documentação <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/keeping-safe/">Mantendo-se Seguro</ulink> para mais informações).</para>
972
<para>Quando executa uma aplicação que requer privilégios root, sudo perguntar-lhe-á para introduzir uma senha de utilizador normal. Isto assegura que aplicações estranhas não podem danificar o seu sistema, e serve como uma lembrança de que está prestes a executar acções administrativas que necessitam que seja cuidadoso!</para>
974
<para>Para utilizar sudo na linha de comandos, digite simplesmente "sudo" antes do comando que deseja executar. Sudo perguntar-lhe-á pela sua senha.</para>
976
<para>Sudo relembrará a sua senha por um certo período de tempo (15 minutos por omissão). Esta funcionalidade foi desenhada para permitir que utilizadores realizem várias tarefas administrativas sem que lhes seja pedida a senha em cada uma delas.</para>
979
<para>Tenha cuidado quando estiver a executar tarefas administrativas -- poderá danificar o seu sistema!</para>
982
<para>Outras dicas para a utilização de sudo:</para>
986
<para>Para utilizar uma consola "root", digite "sudo -i" na linha de comandos.</para>
990
<para>Todo o grupo de ferramentas gráficas de configuração pré-definidas no Kubuntu já usa o "sudo" , por isso, a sua senha será pedida se for necessário usar o <application>kdesu</application>, que é uma frente gráfica para a aplicação <application>sudo</application>.</para>
994
<para>Para mais informação sobre a aplicação <application>sudo</application> e a ausência de um utilizador root no Kubuntu, leia <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">a página sudo</ulink> no wiki Ubuntu.</para>
998
<sect2 id="run-application-root" status="complete">
999
<title>Iniciar um Programa Manualmente com Privilégios Administrativos</title>
1001
<para>Por vezes pode ser necessário usar um programa com Privilégios Administrativos. Isto é fácil com a aplicação <application>Executar Aplicação</application>.</para>
1004
<para>Tenha cuidado quando estiver a executar tarefas administrativas -- poderá danificar o seu sistema!</para>
1009
<para>Abra o diálogo <application>Executar Aplicação</application> premindo: <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo></para>
1013
<para>Introduz o nome do programa que desejas executar, <emphasis>prefixo</emphasis> com <application>kdesu</application> e pressiona Enter. Por exemplo, para executares o gestor de ficheiros Konqueror com privilkdesu konqueror</para>
1020
<!-- USER MANAGEMENT -->
1021
<sect1 id="user-mgmt" status="complete">
1022
<title>Gestão de Utilizadores</title>
1024
<procedure><title>Adicionado um utilizador</title>
1027
Open <application>KUser</application>, http://www.kde.org/'s <guilabel>User Manager</guilabel> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>User Manager (KUser)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1032
If a dialog appears asking you for a password, enter your user password.
1037
<mousebutton>Click</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Add</guibutton> located in the top left hand corner of the window.
1042
Type the username for the new user.
1047
Enter the user's details in the dialog presented to you and create a password for the new user by selecting the <guilabel>Password Management</guilabel> tab located at the top of the window.
1048
<example><title>Noto utilizador <guilabel>Detalhes</guilabel></title>
1051
<imagedata fileref="../../images/C/adduser_details.png" format="PNG"/>
1055
<example><title>Novo utilizador <guilabel>Senha & Segurança</guilabel></title>
1058
<imagedata fileref="../../images/C/adduser_security.png" format="PNG"/>
1066
<procedure><title>Removendo um utilizador</title>
1069
Open <application>Kuser</application> as noted in the previous procedure for adding a user.
1073
<para>Seleccione o utilizador que deseja apagar.</para>
1076
<para><mousebutton>Clique</mousebutton> no botão <guibutton>Apagar...</guibutton>.</para>
1080
When prompted with the <guilabel>Delete User</guilabel> dialog, you have two options:
1084
<guilabel>Delete home folder: /home/username</guilabel> - this will remove
1085
the user's home directory, therefor clearing up space on your hard drive. If
1086
there is information you would like to backup, do so before deleting this
1092
<guilabel>Delete mailbox: /var/mail/username</guilabel> - this will remove the
1101
<procedure><title>Alterando a senha dum utilizador</title>
1104
Open <application>KUser</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>User Manager (KUser)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1108
<para>Seleccione o utilizador cuja senha deseja alterar</para>
1112
<mousebutton>Click</mousebutton> on the <guibutton>Edit</guibutton> button if the dialog does not open immediately upon highling that user.
1117
After the <guilabel>User Properties</guilabel> dialog has opened,
1118
<mousebutton>click</mousebutton> the <guibutton>Set Password...</guibutton> button in the top right corner of the window. After entering in the new password, press the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button to finish.
1125
<sect1 id="terminals" status="complete">
1126
<title>Terminal</title>
1128
<para>Trabalhar numa linha de comandos não é uma tarefa difícil como poderá pensar. Não é necessário nenhum conhecimento especial para saber utilizar a linha de comandos, é um programa como outro qualquer. A maior parte das tarefas em Linux podem ser realizadas usando a linha de comandos. Apesar de existirem ferramentas gráficas para a maior parte dos programas, por vezes não são suficientes. É aqui que a linha de comandos se torna útil.</para>
1130
<para>A consola é habitualmente chamada a "prompt" de comandos ou a "shell". Em tempos passados, esta era a forma pela qual o utilizador interagia com o computador. Os utilizadores de Linux descobriram que o uso de uma shell pode ser mais rápido que um método gráfico daí ainda ter mérito hoje em dia. Aqui aprenderá como utilizar uma consola.</para>
1132
<para>Originalmente a consola era utilizada como navegador de ficheiros e de facto ainda é usada como tal. Pode usar a consola como navegador de ficheiros e desfazer as mudanças que tenham sido feitas.</para>
1134
<sect2 id="starting-konsole" status="complete">
1135
<title>Iniciar a Consola</title>
1138
The <application>Konsole</application> can be started by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Terminal (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1142
<sect2 id="common-commands" status="complete">
1143
<title>Comandos Comuns</title>
1146
<varlistentry><term>Ver Directórios: -ls</term>
1148
<para>A aplicação <application>ls</application> (LiSt) lista ficheiros em cores diferentes, com texto formatado.</para>
1152
<varlistentry><term>Criar Directórios: - mkdir (nome de directório)</term>
1154
<para>O comando <application>mkdir</application> criará um directório (do inglês MaKeDIRectory)</para>
1158
<varlistentry><term>Mudar de Directórios: - cd (/directório/localização)</term>
1160
<para>O comando <application>cd</application> (do inglês ChangeDirectory) alterará o directório actual para qualquer directório que especificar.</para>
1164
<varlistentry><term>Copiar Ficheiros/Directórios: - cp (nome de ficheiro ou directório) (para nome de ficheiro ou directório)</term>
1166
<para>O comando <application>cp</application> (do inglês CoPy) copiará quaisquer ficheiros que especificar. O comando <application>cp -r</application> copiará quaisquer directórios que especificar.</para>
1170
<varlistentry><term>Remover Ficheiros/Directórios: - rm (nome de ficheiro ou directório)</term>
1172
<para>O comando <application>rm</application> (do inglês ReMove) apagará quaisquer ficheiros que especificar. O comando <application>rm -rf</application> removerá quaisquer directórios que especificar, e todo o seu conteúdo.</para>
1176
<varlistentry><term>Mover/Renomear Ficheiros/Directórios: - mv (nome de ficheiro ou directório)</term>
1178
<para>O comando <application>mv</application> (do inglês MoVe) renomeará/moverá quaisquer ficheiros ou directórios que especificar.</para>
1182
<varlistentry><term>Encontrar Ficheiros/Directórios: - locate (nome de ficheiro ou directório)</term>
1184
<para>O comando <application>locate</application> procurará o seu computador por qualquer nome de ficheiro que especificar. Utiliza um índice de ficheiros no seu sistema para trabalhar rapidamente: para actualizar este índice execute o comando <application>updatedb</application>. Este comando é executado automaticamente a cada dia, se deixar o computador ligado. Precisa de ser executado com privilégios administrativos (veja <xref linkend="root-and-sudo"/>).</para>
1189
<para>Pode também usar caracteres especiais para fazer coincidir com um ou mais ficheiros, tais como "*" (para todos os ficheiros) ou "?" (para fazer coincidir um carácter).</para>
1192
<sect2 id="switch-to-console" status="complete">
1193
<title>Mudando para modo Consola</title>
1195
<para>O método normal de acesso à linha de comandos no Kubuntu é iniciar um terminal (veja <xref linkend="starting-konsole"/> abaixo), contudo, algumas vezes, é útil mudar para a consola real:</para>
1199
<para>Use as teclas de atalho <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> para mudar para a primeira consola.</para>
1203
<para>Para voltar ao ambiente de trabalho, utilize as teclas de atalho <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
1208
<para>Existem seis consolas disponíveis. Cada uma delas é acessível através das seguintes teclas de atalho <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo> até <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
1212
<sect2 id="disable-terminal-beep" status="complete">
1213
<title>Desactivar o sinal sonoro no modo Terminal</title>
1218
Start a <application>Konsole</application> session, select by going to
1219
<menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Terminal (Konsole)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1224
<para>Vá a <menuchoice><guimenu>Definições</guimenu><guisubmenu>Campaínha</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Nenhuma</guimenuitem></menuchoice> para desactivar a campaínha do sistema.</para>
1230
<!-- RESTART X SERVER -->
1231
<sect1 id="restart-x" status="complete">
1232
<title>Reiniciar o Kubuntu sem reiniciar o computador</title>
1235
Prior to your system having the ability to simply restart Kubuntu without rebooting, you will need to enable this option in <application>System Settings</application>. Go to <menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu>
1236
<guisubmenu>Favorites</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice> and then press the <guibutton>Display</guibutton> icon. At the very bottom of the window, just above the <guibutton>Help</guibutton>, <guibutton>Defaults</guibutton>, and <guibutton>Reset</guibutton> buttons, there is a checkbox. Make sure to select the checkbox that says <guilabel>Ctrl+Alt+Backspace restarts the xserver</guilabel>. Press the <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> to apply your changes. You will have to log out and then back in prior to this option takes into effect.
1240
Once you have configured your system to allow this option, to simply restart Kubuntu, or the <productname>X Window System</productname>, simply press <keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap>
1241
</keycombo>. This will take you to a blank screen momentarily and then bring
1242
you back to the login screen (<acronym>KDM</acronym>).
1246
<!-- TEXT EDITING -->
1247
<sect1 id="text-editing" status="complete">
1248
<title>Edição de Texo</title>
1251
All of the configurations and settings in Linux are saved in text files. Even
1252
though you most often can edit configurations through the graphical interface,
1253
you may occasionally have to edit them by hand. <application>Kate</application>
1254
is the default Kubuntu text editor, which can be launched by going to
1255
<menuchoice><guimenu>Application Launcher</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Advanced Text Editor (Kate)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1258
<para>Por vezes neste guia, o <application>Kate</application> é executado a partir da linha de comandos utilizando <application>kdesu</application>, visto que a maior parte dos ficheiros de configuração necessitam de privilégios administrativos para serem alterados. Recomenda-se que também use <application>kdesu</application> da linha de comandos quando usado neste guia.</para>
1260
<para>Se necessitar de utilizar um editor de texto a partir da linha de comandos, pode utilizar o <application>nano</application>, que é um editor de texto simples. Quando o executar da linha de comandos, use sempre o comando seguinte, que assegura que o editor não introduz quebras de linha: <screen>nano -w</screen></para>
1262
<para>Para mais informação sobre como usar o <application>nano</application>, leia <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">o guia no wiki</ulink></para>
1264
<para>Também existem alguns outros editores para consola disponíveis no Kubuntu, os mais populares incluem o<application>VIM</application> e o <application>Emacs</application> (os prós e contras de cada um são causa de muitos debates amigáveis na comunidade Linux). Estes são frequentemente mais complexos de usar que o <application>nano</application>, mas também são mais poderosos.</para>
added
removed
docs/basic-concepts/pt/basic-concepts.xml
