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<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
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<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
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<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Hardy Heron">
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<!ENTITY distro-rev "8.04">
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<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2008">
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<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "hardy">
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<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.24">
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<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.2.3">
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<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.7">
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<!ENTITY python-version "2.5.2">
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<!-- AUTHORS --><!ENTITY author-ubuntu-documentation-project SYSTEM "../common/authors/ubuntu-documentation-project.xml">
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<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
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<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
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<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
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<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
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<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
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<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
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<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
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<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
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<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
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<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
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<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
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<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
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<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
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<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
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<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
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<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
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<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
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<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
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<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
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<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
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<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
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<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
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<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
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<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
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<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
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<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
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<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
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<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
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<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
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<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
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<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
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<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
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<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
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<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
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<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
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<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
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<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
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<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
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<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
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<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
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<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
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<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
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<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
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<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
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<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
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<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
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<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
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<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
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<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
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<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
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<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
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<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
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<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
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<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
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<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
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<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
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<!ENTITY Breton "br">
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<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
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<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
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<!ENTITY Danish "da">
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<!ENTITY German "de">
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<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
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<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
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<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
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<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
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<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
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<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
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<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
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<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
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<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
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<!ENTITY French "fr">
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<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
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<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
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<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
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<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
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<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
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<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
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<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
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<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
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<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
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<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
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<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
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<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
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<!ENTITY Italian "it">
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<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
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<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
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<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
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<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
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<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
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<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
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<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
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<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
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<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
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<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
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<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
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<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
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<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
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<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
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<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
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<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
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<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
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<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
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<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
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<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
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<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
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<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
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<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
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<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
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<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
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<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
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<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
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<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
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<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
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<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
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<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
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<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
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<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
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<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
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<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
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<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
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<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
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<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
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<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
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<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
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<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
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<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
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<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
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<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
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<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
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<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
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<!ENTITY Somali "so">
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<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
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<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
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<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
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<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
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<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
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<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
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<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
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<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
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<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
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<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
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<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
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<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
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<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
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<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
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<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
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<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
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<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
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<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
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<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
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<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
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<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
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<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
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<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
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<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
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<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
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<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
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<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
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<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
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<!ENTITY licenses SYSTEM "../common/C/licenses.xml">
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<!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../common/C/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY klegalnotice SYSTEM "../kubuntu/libs/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY % kde-menus-C SYSTEM "../../libs/kde-menus-C.ent">
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<!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS AT THE VERY END --><!-- KDE MENU Entries --><!ENTITY menuar "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add/Remove Programs</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuadept "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Adept Manager - Manage Packages</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuakregator "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Akregator - RSS Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuamarok "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Amarok Audio -Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuark "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Ark - Archiving Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuaudacity "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublender "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Blender</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menubluechat "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Bluetooth Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublueobex "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Bluetooth OBEX Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudevhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudigikam "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>digiKam - Photo Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menueclipse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Eclipse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuff "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menufind "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Find
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Files/Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugambas "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugimp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugwenview "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gwenview - Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem></menuchoice
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<!ENTITY menuinkscape "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Inkscape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuk3b "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
316
<guimenuitem>K3b - CD & DVD Burning</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
317
<!ENTITY menukaffeine "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Kaffeine - Media Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
319
<!ENTITY menukaramba "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
320
<guimenuitem>SuperKaramba</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
321
<!ENTITY menukarm "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
322
<guimenuitem>KArm Personal Time Tracker</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
323
<!ENTITY menukatapult "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
324
<guimenuitem>Katapult - KDE launcher</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
325
<!ENTITY menukate "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
326
<guimenuitem>Kate - Advanced Text Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
327
<!ENTITY menuaudiocreator "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
328
<guimenuitem>KAudioCreator - CD Ripper</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
329
<!ENTITY menukcron "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
330
>KCron - Task Scheduler</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
331
<!ENTITY menugwwiz "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KDE Groupware Wizard</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
332
<!ENTITY menukdevelop "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
333
<guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
334
<!ENTITY menukeep "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
335
>Keep Backup System</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
336
<!ENTITY menukexi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kexi - Database Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
337
<!ENTITY menukinfoctr "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KInfoCenter - Info Center</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
338
<!ENTITY menukino "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
339
<guimenuitem>Kino</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
340
<!ENTITY menukivio "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
341
<guimenuitem>Kivio (Flowchart & Diagram
342
Editing)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
343
<!ENTITY menukjobview "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
344
<guimenuitem>KJobViewer - Print Jobs</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
345
<!ENTITY menukmag "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
346
<guimenuitem>KMag - Screen Magnifier</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
347
<!ENTITY menukmix "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
348
<guimenuitem>KMix - Sound Mixer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
349
<!ENTITY menukmouse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
350
<guimenuitem>KMouseTool - Automatic Mouse Click</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
351
<!ENTITY menukmymoney "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
352
<guimenuitem>KMyMoney2</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
353
<!ENTITY menuknetmgr "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
354
<guimenuitem>KNetworkManager - Network Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
355
<!ENTITY menuknotes "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
356
<guimenuitem>KNotes - Popup Notes</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
357
<!ENTITY menukonqi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
358
<guimenuitem>Konqueror - Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
359
<!ENTITY menukonsole "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
360
>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
361
<!ENTITY menukontact "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kontact - Personal Information Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
362
<!ENTITY menukonv "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konversation - IRC Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
363
<!ENTITY menukooka "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kooka - Scan & OCR Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
364
<!ENTITY menukopete "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kopete - Instant Messager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
365
<!ENTITY menukpdf "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KPDF - PDF Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
366
<!ENTITY menukppp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KPPP - Internet Dial-Up Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
367
<!ENTITY menukrdc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krdc - Remote Desktop Connection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
368
<!ENTITY menukrfb "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krfb - Desktop Sharing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
369
<!ENTITY menukrita "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krita - Painting and Image Editing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
370
<!ENTITY menukscd "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSCD - CD Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
371
<!ENTITY menuksnap "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSnapshot - Screen Capture Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
372
<!ENTITY menuksysgd "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSysGuard - Performance Monitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
373
<!ENTITY menuksyslog "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSystemLog - System Logs Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
374
<!ENTITY menuktorrent "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KTorrent - BitTorrent Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
375
<!ENTITY menukubdb "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kubuntu Device Database</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
376
<!ENTITY menulock "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Lock Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
377
<!ENTITY menulogout "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Log Out...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
378
<!ENTITY menumonodev "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
379
<guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
380
<!ENTITY menumonodoc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
381
<guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
382
<!ENTITY menuqt4designer "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
383
<guimenuitem>Qt4 Designer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
384
<!ENTITY menuqtparted "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
385
<guimenuitem>QtParted</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
386
<!ENTITY menurun "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Run
387
Command...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
388
<!ENTITY menuscribus "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
389
<guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
390
<!ENTITY menuskim "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
391
<guimenuitem>Skim - Input method platform</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
392
<!ENTITY menuspcrnch "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
393
<guimenuitem>SpeedCrunch - Calculator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
394
<!ENTITY menusud "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch
395
User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>username: default (:0,
396
vt7)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
397
<!ENTITY menusul "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Lock Current & Start New Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
398
<!ENTITY menusun "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch
399
User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Start New Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
400
<!ENTITY menusysset "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System
401
Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
402
<!ENTITY menuwifi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
403
<guimenuitem>Wireless Assistant Wireless LAN
404
Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
405
<!ENTITY menukbandmouse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System
406
Settings</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Keyboard &
407
Mouse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
408
<!ENTITY menufax "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guisubmenuitem>Fax Address Utility</guisubmenuitem></menuchoice>">
409
<!-- OPEN OFFICE --><!ENTITY menuooimpress "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
410
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Impress - Presentation</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
411
<!ENTITY menuoocalc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
412
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Calc - Spreadsheet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
413
<!ENTITY menuoowriter "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
414
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Writer - Word Processor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
415
<!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS --><!ENTITY ctrlaltf1 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
416
<keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>">
417
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf2 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
418
<keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>">
419
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf3 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
420
<keycap>F3</keycap></keycombo>">
421
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf4 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
422
<keycap>F4</keycap></keycombo>">
423
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf5 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
424
<keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>">
425
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf6 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
426
<keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>">
427
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf7 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
428
<keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo>">
429
<!ENTITY ctrlaltbkspc "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap>
431
<!ENTITY % kde SYSTEM "../../libs/kde.ent">
432
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY kde-version "3.5.9">
433
<!ENTITY adept "Adept">
434
<!ENTITY appshort "<application>Adept</application>">
435
<!ENTITY different-user "kdesu">
436
<!ENTITY % kde-general SYSTEM "/usr/share/apps/ksgmltools2/customization/obsolete/general.entities">
438
KDE general entities for DocBook as used in the KDE documentation
440
Copyright (C) 2002 Frederik Fouvry
442
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
443
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
444
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
445
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
447
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
448
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
449
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
450
GNU General Public License for more details.
452
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
453
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
454
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
456
Send suggestions, comments, etc. to the KDE docbook list
457
<kde-docbook@kde.org>.
462
Refer to this file as
464
"-//KDE//ENTITIES DocBook XML General Entity Declarations V1.1//EN"
466
This file contains what dbgenent.mod should contain and is read
467
after all other files just like dbgenent.mod should be.
469
--><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- Extensions to the DocBook DTD --><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- E.g. KDE specific entities (see also dbgenent.mod for this) --><!-- Legal texts we put in a specific place
470
so that we don't need to cut'n'paste them to every doc
471
--><!ENTITY GPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA SGML>
472
<!ENTITY GPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA linespecific>
473
<!ENTITY GPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/gpl-notice.docbook">
474
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML (why?) --><!ENTITY LGPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA SGML>
475
<!ENTITY LGPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA linespecific>
476
<!ENTITY LGPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/lgpl-notice.docbook">
477
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML --><!ENTITY FDL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA SGML>
478
<!ENTITY FDL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA linespecific>
479
<!-- FDLNotice is defined in lang.entities (why?) --><!-- KDE index generation
480
Set addindex to IGNORE to stop index generation
481
Indices are generated on the fly, so no intermediate file is needed
482
--><!ENTITY % addindex "INCLUDE">
483
<!ENTITY documentation.index "<index></index>">
484
<!--ENTITY kapp "(Oops - someone forgot to fill in the application name here)" --><!-- Entities to fill in slots in docbook version of FDL notice --><!ENTITY % FDLIS "IGNORE">
485
<!ENTITY % FDLFCT "IGNORE">
486
<!ENTITY % FDLBCT "IGNORE">
487
<!-- These are the language-independent entities. They can be (more
488
or less) freely extended. Keep this list sorted and sensible.
489
Make sure you always add full markup to the text.
491
Naming policy: name the entity like you would see the text
492
(inclusive case). KDE entities are always lowercased. Spaces
493
are omitted. Examples: Qt (for "Qt"), RedHat (for "Red Hat"),
494
kfloppy (for "KFloppy") . (Entity names cannot start with digits,
495
in that case, use the written form for the first digit.)
497
DO NOT JUST RENAME ENTITIES! That implies removal of an existing
498
entity and that may change the validity of documents, which must
499
not happen. Place the name you wish to remove in the list of
500
obsolete entities (depending on the case, the expansion is
501
redefined or kept as it was); the new name goes in the official list.
502
A later version of the DTD (with another version number!) will
503
effectively remove these entities. In that way, old documents
504
remain valid, while new ones can only use the new declarations.
505
--><!ENTITY AIX "<trademark class='registered'>AIX</trademark>">
506
<!ENTITY aktion "<application>aKtion</application>">
507
<!ENTITY amor "<application>AMOR</application>">
508
<!ENTITY ark "<application>Ark</application>">
509
<!ENTITY arts "<application>aRts</application>">
510
<!ENTITY arts-builder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
511
<!ENTITY artscontrol "<application>artscontrol</application>">
512
<!ENTITY artsd "<application>artsd</application>">
513
<!ENTITY artsdsp "<application>artsdsp</application>">
514
<!ENTITY artsserver "<application>artsserver</application>">
515
<!ENTITY artsshell "<application>artsshell</application>">
516
<!ENTITY artswrapper "<application>artswrapper</application>">
517
<!ENTITY ATAPI "<acronym>ATAPI</acronym>">
518
<!ENTITY atlantik "<application>Atlantik</application>">
519
<!ENTITY brahms "<application>Brahms</application>">
520
<!ENTITY catalogmanager "<application>Catalog Manager</application>">
521
<!ENTITY CD "<acronym>CD</acronym>">
522
<!ENTITY CDE "<acronym>CDE</acronym>">
523
<!ENTITY CD-ROM "<acronym>CD-ROM</acronym>">
524
<!ENTITY cervisia "<application>Cervisia</application>">
525
<!ENTITY CSS "<trademark>CSS</trademark>">
526
<!ENTITY CUPS "<acronym>CUPS</acronym>">
527
<!ENTITY drkonqi "<application>DrKonqi</application>">
528
<!ENTITY DCOP "<acronym>DCOP</acronym>">
529
<!ENTITY DVI "<acronym>DVI</acronym>">
530
<!ENTITY ELF "<acronym>ELF</acronym>">
531
<!ENTITY Emacs "<application>Emacs</application>">
532
<!ENTITY flashkard "<application>FlashKard</application>">
533
<!ENTITY FTP "<acronym>FTP</acronym>">
534
<!ENTITY gcc "<command>gcc</command>">
535
<!ENTITY GIF "<acronym>GIF</acronym>">
536
<!ENTITY GMT "<acronym>GMT</acronym>">
537
<!ENTITY GNU "<acronym>GNU</acronym>">
538
<!ENTITY GUI "<acronym>GUI</acronym>">
539
<!ENTITY Handspring "<trademark>Handspring</trademark>">
540
<!ENTITY Hewlett-Packard '<trademark class="registered">Hewlett-Packard</trademark>'>
541
<!ENTITY HotSync '<trademark class="registered">HotSync</trademark>'>
542
<!ENTITY HP '<trademark class="registered">HP</trademark>'>
543
<!ENTITY HP-UX '<trademark class="registered">HP-UX</trademark>'>
544
<!ENTITY HTTP "<acronym>HTTP</acronym>">
545
<!ENTITY IRIX '<trademark class="registered">IRIX</trademark>'>
546
<!ENTITY Java "<trademark>Java</trademark>">
547
<!ENTITY Jini "<trademark>Jini</trademark>">
548
<!ENTITY kab2 "<application>Kab2</application>">
549
<!ENTITY kenolaba "<application>Kenolaba</application>">
550
<!ENTITY kaboodle "<application>Kaboodle</application>">
551
<!ENTITY kaddressbook "<application>KAddressBook</application>">
552
<!ENTITY kalarm "<application>KAlarm</application>">
553
<!ENTITY kalarmd "<application>KAlarmd</application>">
554
<!ENTITY kalzium "<application>Kalzium</application>">
555
<!ENTITY kamera "<application>Kamera</application>">
556
<!ENTITY kandy "<application>Kandy</application>">
557
<!ENTITY kappfinder "<application>Kappfinder</application>">
558
<!ENTITY kaphorism "<application>KAphorism</application>">
559
<!ENTITY karm "<application>KArm</application>">
560
<!ENTITY kasteroids "<application>KAsteroids</application>">
561
<!ENTITY kate "<application>Kate</application>">
562
<!ENTITY katomic "<application>KAtomic</application>">
563
<!ENTITY kbabel "<application>KBabel</application>">
564
<!ENTITY kbabeldict "<application>KBabelDict</application>">
565
<!ENTITY kbackgammon "<application>KBackgammon</application>">
566
<!ENTITY kbattleship "<application>KBattleship</application>">
567
<!ENTITY kbiff "<application>KBiff</application>">
568
<!ENTITY kblackbox "<application>KBlackbox</application>">
569
<!ENTITY kbounce "<application>KBounce</application>">
570
<!ENTITY kbugbuster "<application>kbugbuster</application>">
571
<!ENTITY kcalc "<application>KCalc</application>">
572
<!ENTITY kcharselect "<application>KCharSelect</application>">
573
<!ENTITY kchart "<application>KChart</application>">
574
<!ENTITY kchat "<application>KChat</application>">
575
<!ENTITY kcontrol "<application>KControl</application>">
576
<!ENTITY kcron "<application>KCron</application>">
577
<!ENTITY kdat "<application>KDat</application>">
578
<!ENTITY kdebugdialog "<application>KDebugDialog</application>">
579
<!ENTITY kde-http '<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">http://www.kde.org/</ulink>'>
580
<!ENTITY kde-ftp '<ulink url="ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/">ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/</ulink>'>
581
<!ENTITY kdepasswd "<application>kdepasswd</application>">
582
<!ENTITY kdesktop "<application>KDesktop</application>">
583
<!ENTITY kdessh "<application>kdessh</application>">
584
<!ENTITY kdesu "<application>KDE su</application>">
585
<!ENTITY kdiskfree "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
586
<!ENTITY kdict "<application>KDict</application>">
587
<!ENTITY kdm "<application>kdm</application>">
588
<!ENTITY kdvi "<application>KDVI</application>">
589
<!ENTITY kedit "<application>KEdit</application>">
590
<!ENTITY keduca "<application>KEduca</application>">
591
<!ENTITY keystone "<application>Keystone</application>">
592
<!ENTITY kfax "<application>KFax</application>">
593
<!ENTITY kfaxview "<application>Kfaxview</application>">
594
<!ENTITY kfind "<application>KFind</application>">
595
<!ENTITY kfloppy "<application>Kfloppy</application>">
596
<!ENTITY kformula "<application>KFormula</application>">
597
<!ENTITY kfouleggs "<application>KFoulEggs</application>">
598
<!ENTITY kfract "<application>KFract</application>">
599
<!ENTITY khangman "<application>KHangMan</application>">
600
<!ENTITY kgeo "<application>KGeo</application>">
601
<!ENTITY kghostview "<application>KGhostView</application>">
602
<!ENTITY khelpcenter "<application>KHelpCenter</application>">
603
<!ENTITY khexedit "<application>KHexEdit</application>">
604
<!ENTITY kicker "<application>Kicker</application>">
605
<!ENTITY kiconedit "<application>KIconEdit</application>">
606
<!ENTITY kikbd "<application>kikbd</application>">
607
<!ENTITY kit "<application>Kit</application>">
608
<!ENTITY kiten "<application>Kiten</application>">
609
<!ENTITY kivio "<application>Kivio</application>">
610
<!ENTITY kjots "<application>KJots</application>">
611
<!ENTITY kjumpingcube "<application>KJumpingCube</application>">
612
<!ENTITY klaptop "<application>KLaptop</application>">
613
<!ENTITY klatin "<application>KLatin</application>">
614
<!ENTITY klettres "<application>KLettres</application>">
615
<!ENTITY kolorlines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
616
<!ENTITY klipper "<application>Klipper</application>">
617
<!ENTITY kljettool "<application>KLjettool</application>">
618
<!ENTITY klpq "<application>Klpq</application>">
619
<!ENTITY klprfax "<application>Klprfax</application>">
620
<!ENTITY kmahjongg "<application>KMahjongg</application>">
621
<!ENTITY kmail "<application>KMail</application>">
622
<!ENTITY kmathtool "<application>KMathTool</application>">
623
<!ENTITY kmenuedit "<application>kmenuedit</application>">
624
<!ENTITY kmessedwords "<application>KMessedWords</application>">
625
<!ENTITY kmid "<application>KMid</application>">
626
<!ENTITY kmidi "<application>KMidi</application>">
627
<!ENTITY kmines "<application>KMines</application>">
628
<!ENTITY kmix "<application>KMix</application>">
629
<!ENTITY kmplot "<application>KmPlot</application>">
630
<!ENTITY knewsticker "<application>KNewsTicker</application>">
631
<!ENTITY knode "<application>KNode</application>">
632
<!ENTITY knotes "<application>KNotes</application>">
633
<!ENTITY knorskverbs "<application>KNorskVerbs</application>">
634
<!ENTITY kodometer "<application>KOdometer</application>">
635
<!ENTITY koffice "<application>KOffice</application>">
636
<!ENTITY kolf "<application>Kolf</application>">
637
<!ENTITY kompare "<application>Kompare</application>">
638
<!ENTITY koncd "<application>KOnCD</application>">
639
<!ENTITY konqueror "<application>Konqueror</application>">
640
<!ENTITY konquest "<application>Konquest</application>">
641
<!ENTITY konsole "<application>Konsole</application>">
642
<!ENTITY kontour "<application>Kontour</application>">
643
<!ENTITY kooka "<application>Kooka</application>">
644
<!ENTITY korganizer "<application>KOrganizer</application>">
645
<!ENTITY korn "<application>KOrn</application>">
646
<!ENTITY koshell "<application>KOShell</application>">
647
<!ENTITY kotalkd "<application>KOTalkd</application>">
648
<!ENTITY kpackage "<application>KPackage</application>">
649
<!ENTITY kpager "<application>KPager</application>">
650
<!ENTITY kpaint "<application>KPaint</application>">
651
<!ENTITY kpanel "<application>KPanel</application>">
652
<!ENTITY kpatience "<application>KPatience</application>">
653
<!ENTITY kpercentage "<application>KPercentage</application>">
654
<!ENTITY kpilot "<application>KPilot</application>">
655
<!ENTITY kpf "<application>kpf</application>">
656
<!ENTITY kpm "<application>Kpm</application>">
657
<!ENTITY kpresenter "<application>KPresenter</application>">
658
<!ENTITY kpoker "<application>KPoker</application>">
659
<!ENTITY kpovmodeler "<application>KPovModeler</application>">
660
<!ENTITY kppp "<application>KPPP</application>">
661
<!ENTITY kreatecd "<application>KreateCD</application>">
662
<!ENTITY krec "<application>KRec</application>">
663
<!ENTITY kregexpeditor "<application>KRegExpEditor</application>">
664
<!ENTITY kreversi "<application>KReversi</application>">
665
<!ENTITY krita "<application>Krita</application>">
666
<!ENTITY kruler "<application>KRuler</application>">
667
<!ENTITY ksame "<application>KSame</application>">
668
<!ENTITY kscd "<application>KsCD</application>">
669
<!ENTITY kscore "<application>KScore</application>">
670
<!ENTITY kscreensaver "<application>KScreensaver</application>">
671
<!ENTITY ksgmltools "<application>ksgmltools</application>">
672
<!ENTITY kshisen "<application>KShisen</application>">
673
<!ENTITY ksim "<application>KSim</application>">
674
<!ENTITY ksirc "<application>KSirc</application>">
675
<!ENTITY ksirtet "<application>KSirtet</application>">
676
<!ENTITY ksmiletris "<application>KSmiletris</application>">
677
<!ENTITY ksnake "<application>KSnake</application>">
678
<!ENTITY ksnapshot "<application>KSnapshot</application>">
679
<!ENTITY ksokoban "<application>KSokoban</application>">
680
<!ENTITY kspaceduel "<application>KSpaceDuel</application>">
681
<!ENTITY kspell "<application>KSpell</application>">
682
<!ENTITY kspread "<application>KSpread</application>">
683
<!ENTITY kstars "<application>KStars</application>">
684
<!ENTITY kstart "<application>kstart</application>">
685
<!ENTITY ksysctrl "<application>KSysctrl</application>">
686
<!ENTITY ksysguard "<application>KSysguard</application>">
687
<!ENTITY ksysv "<application>KSysV</application>">
688
<!ENTITY ktalk "<application>KTalk</application>">
689
<!ENTITY ktalkd "<application>KTalkd</application>">
690
<!ENTITY kteatime "<application>KTeaTime</application>">
691
<!ENTITY kthesaurus "<application>KThesaurus</application>">
692
<!ENTITY ktimemon "<application>KTimemon</application>">
693
<!ENTITY ktimer "<application>KTimer</application>">
694
<!ENTITY ktip "<application>KTip</application>">
695
<!ENTITY ktouch "<application>KTouch</application>">
696
<!ENTITY ktron "<application>KTron</application>">
697
<!ENTITY ktuberling "<application>KTuberling</application>">
698
<!ENTITY kugar "<application>Kugar</application>">
699
<!ENTITY kuickshow "<application>KuickShow</application>">
700
<!ENTITY kuser "<application>KUser</application>">
701
<!ENTITY kview "<application>KView</application>">
702
<!ENTITY kviewshell "<application>KViewshell</application>">
703
<!ENTITY kvoctrain "<application>KVocTrain</application>">
704
<!ENTITY kworldclock "<application>KWorldClock</application>">
705
<!ENTITY kword "<application>KWord</application>">
706
<!ENTITY kwin "<application>KWin</application>">
707
<!ENTITY k4wins "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
708
<!ENTITY kwrite "<application>KWrite</application>">
709
<!ENTITY kwuftpd "<application>kwuftpd</application>">
710
<!ENTITY LaserJet '<trademark class="registered">LaserJet</trademark>'>
711
<!ENTITY lisa "<application>Lisa</application>">
712
<!ENTITY Linux '<trademark class="registered">Linux</trademark>'>
713
<!ENTITY Linux-Mandrake "<trademark>Linux-Mandrake</trademark>">
714
<!ENTITY LinuxPPC "<trademark>LinuxPPC</trademark>">
715
<!ENTITY lskat "<application>Lskat</application>">
716
<!ENTITY LZW "<acronym>LZW</acronym>">
717
<!ENTITY Mac '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark>'>
718
<!ENTITY MacOS '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark> <acronym>OS</acronym>'>
719
<!ENTITY Mandrake "<trademark>Mandrake</trademark>">
720
<!ENTITY megami "<application>Megami</application>">
721
<!ENTITY Microsoft '<trademark class="registered">Microsoft</trademark>'>
722
<!ENTITY MIDI "<acronym>MIDI</acronym>">
723
<!ENTITY MIME "<acronym>MIME</acronym>">
724
<!ENTITY moonphase "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
725
<!ENTITY Motif '<trademark class="registered">Motif</trademark>'>
726
<!ENTITY MRU "<acronym>MRU</acronym>">
727
<!ENTITY MTU "<acronym>MTU</acronym>">
728
<!ENTITY MusiXTeX "<application>MusiXTeX</application>">
729
<!ENTITY Netscape '<trademark class="registered">Netscape</trademark>'>
730
<!ENTITY NeXTSTEP "<trademark>NeXTSTEP</trademark>">
731
<!ENTITY noatun "<application>Noatun</application>">
732
<!ENTITY PalmOS '<trademark class="registered">Palm OS</trademark>'>
733
<!ENTITY PalmPilot "<productname><trademark>PalmPilot</trademark></productname>">
734
<!ENTITY PMX "<application>PMX</application>">
735
<!-- acronym too? --><!ENTITY PostScript '<trademark class="registered">PostScript</trademark>'>
736
<!ENTITY PPP "<acronym>PPP</acronym>">
737
<!ENTITY quanta "<application>Quanta</application>">
738
<!ENTITY quantaplus "<application>Quanta Plus</application>">
739
<!ENTITY Qt "<trademark>Qt</trademark>">
740
<!ENTITY RedHat '<trademark class="registered">Red Hat</trademark>'>
741
<!ENTITY reslisa "<application>ResLisa</application>">
742
<!ENTITY Sendmail '<application><trademark class="registered">sendmail</trademark></application>'>
743
<!ENTITY SMTP "<acronym>SMTP</acronym>">
744
<!ENTITY SGI "<trademark>SGI</trademark>">
745
<!ENTITY Solaris "<trademark>Solaris</trademark>">
746
<!ENTITY SuSE '<acronym><trademark class="registered">SuSE</trademark></acronym>'>
747
<!ENTITY ThreeCom '<trademark class="registered">3Com</trademark>'>
748
<!ENTITY tkmidi "<application>tkmidi</application>">
749
<!ENTITY TrueType '<trademark class="registered">TrueType</trademark>'>
750
<!ENTITY UNIX '<trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark>'>
751
<!ENTITY URL "<acronym>URL</acronym>">
752
<!ENTITY URI "<acronym>URI</acronym>">
753
<!ENTITY Visor "<trademark>Visor</trademark>">
754
<!ENTITY windowmaker "<application>Window Maker</application>">
755
<!ENTITY Windows '<trademark class="registered">Windows</trademark>'>
756
<!ENTITY WordNet '<trademark class="registered">WordNet</trademark>'>
757
<!ENTITY Wordperfect '<application><trademark class="registered">WordPerfect</trademark></application>'>
758
<!ENTITY X-Server "<application>X-Server</application>">
759
<!ENTITY XEmacs "<application>XEmacs</application>">
760
<!ENTITY X-Window '<trademark class="registered">X Window System</trademark>'>
761
<!ENTITY XHTML "<trademark>XHTML</trademark>">
762
<!ENTITY XML "<trademark>XML</trademark>">
763
<!ENTITY XSL "<trademark>XSL</trademark>">
764
<!-- Defaults, do NOT add anything to this without checking with the docbook
765
team. --><!ENTITY package "This application isn't part of a KDE package">
766
<!-- Obsolete entities --><!-- Put them here; they will be removed at some stage --><!ENTITY artsbuilder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
767
<!ENTITY kdf "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
768
<!ENTITY klaptopdaemon "<application>KLaptop</application>">
769
<!ENTITY klines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
770
<!ENTITY kmoon "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
771
<!ENTITY kodo "<application>KOdometer</application>">
772
<!ENTITY kpat "<application>KPatience</application>">
773
<!ENTITY kwin4 "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
774
<!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../../libs/xinclude.mod">
775
<!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?>
776
<!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
777
<!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED>
778
<!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml">
779
<!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED>
780
<!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED>
781
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED>
782
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED>
783
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED>
784
<!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY>
785
<!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
786
<!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include">
787
<!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include">
788
<!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include">
789
<!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include">
790
<!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include">
791
<!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include">
792
<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'">
793
<!ENTITY language "en">
795
<article id="network" status="complete" lang="en_GB">
798
<title>Networking</title>
801
<title>Credits and Licence</title>
802
<para>This document is maintained by the Ubuntu documentation team (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). For a list of contributors, see the <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/contributors.html">contributors page</ulink></para>
803
<para>This document is made available under the Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 Licence (CC-BY-SA).</para>
804
<para>You are free to modify, extend, and improve the Ubuntu documentation source code under the terms of this licence. All derivative works must be released under this licence.</para>
805
<para>This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AS DESCRIBED IN THE DISCLAIMER.</para>
806
<para>A copy of the licence is available here: <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/ccbysa.html">Creative Commons ShareAlike Licence</ulink>.</para>
809
<year>2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008</year>
810
<holder>Canonical Ltd. and members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project</holder>
811
</copyright><copyright><year>2006.</year><holder>Jeff Bailes (thepizzaking@gmail.com)</holder></copyright>
813
<publishername>The Ubuntu Documentation Project</publishername>
817
<para>This chapter contains information on general networking with Kubuntu. Topics covered include connecting to the internet as well as connecting and sharing files between a Windows or Mac system and Kubuntu.</para>
821
<!-- INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING -->
822
<sect1 id="network-intro" status="complete">
823
<title>Introduction to networking in Kubuntu</title>
825
<para>Networking in Kubuntu has become much easier for everyone. The days of configuring your settings via the command line are almost gone completely. A majority of users will never have to use the command line when configuring their network settings in order to share files between PCs or to gain access to the Internet. There are those select few who might be utilising hardware that is not Linux certified as of yet. For those, there might be the possibility of making changes via the command line.</para>
828
New in Kubuntu 8.04 is <application>KNetworkManager</application>.
829
<application>KNetworkManager</application> makes connecting and managing your
830
connections a snap. Whether you are using a wired (Ethernet) connection or a
831
wireless connection, <application>KNetworkManager</application> can monitor for
832
connects and disconnects, locates wireless access points, and manages your
833
wireless encryption (see <xref linkend="network-apps-knetworkmanager"/>).
836
<para>Some users will want to do more than surf the Internet or read Email such as sharing files between a Windows PC or a Mac. Setting up Kubuntu on a Windows network is a very simple task and at most will only require very minor command line usage.</para>
839
<title>Determining your network hardware</title>
840
<para>If you are having issues connecting to your network or the Internet, the first thing you need to do is locate the model of the network device you are using. To do so, unfortunately you will have to use the command line at this time. To get to the command line in Kubuntu, press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Space</keycap></keycombo>. This will open up a pop-up called <application>Katapult</application>. Enter the word <userinput>konsole</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. You will notice that once <application>Konsole</application> opens, you will see something similar to <prompt>username@hostname:~$</prompt>. Here you will type <userinput>lspci</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Locate your network hardware information, you will need this for the upcoming sections, especially for wireless cards.</para>
845
<!-- SETTINGS (IP ADDRESS, GATEWAY, NETMASK, BROADCASE, NETWORK, DNS) -->
846
<sect1 id="network-connect-settings" status="complete">
847
<title>Common network settings</title>
849
<para>A majority of connection settings can be changed from within the <guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel> section of System Settings. To access the Network Settings, go to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice> and then select <guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel> at the lower left of the window.</para>
851
<para>No matter which connection you are using, the network settings will usually be configured the same. Most users are probably familiar with Windows networking and seeing terms such as <acronym>IP</acronym> address, gateway address, netmask address, and <acronym>DNS</acronym> addresses. They are still the same in Kubuntu however there are two extra settings that are common with Linux systems, network address and broadcast address however these extra settings are not necessary for basic home networking and connecting to the Internet.</para>
853
<para>Please select from the following to get a brief introduction to each settings. <itemizedlist>
854
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-ip"/></para></listitem>
855
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-gateway"/></para></listitem>
856
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-netmask"/></para></listitem>
857
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-dns"/></para></listitem>
858
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-hostname"/></para></listitem>
859
</itemizedlist></para>
861
<example id="nic-settings">
862
<title>Kubuntu Network Interface Setting</title>
864
# eth0 is set to automatically receive its address (DHCP)
868
# eth1 is setting its own address (static)
870
iface eth1 inet static
871
address 192.168.1.100
872
netmask 255.255.255.0
874
broadcast 192.168.0.255
881
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-ip" status="complete">
882
<title><acronym>IP</acronym> Address</title>
884
<para>An <acronym>IP</acronym> address is a unique identifier, commonly known as the computer's address, that is used in communicating between other computers on a network and the Internet. There are two versions of <acronym>IP</acronym> addressing, <acronym>IPv4</acronym> which is the most widely used and the oldest, and <acronym>IPv6</acronym> which is newer. <acronym>IPv6</acronym> was created to cure the fact the world was running out of <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses.</para>
887
<title><acronym>IPv4</acronym><acronym>IP</acronym> address</title>
889
<listitem><para>192.168.1.100</para></listitem>
890
<listitem><para>10.0.0.100</para></listitem>
891
<listitem><para>63.184.200.19</para></listitem>
896
<title><acronym>IPv6</acronym><acronym>IP</acronym> address</title>
898
<listitem><para>E3D7:0000:0000:0000:51F4:9BC8:C0A8:6420</para></listitem>
899
<listitem><para>E3D7::51F4:9BC8:C0A8:6420</para></listitem>
905
<!-- GATEWAY ADDRESS -->
906
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-gateway" status="complete">
907
<title>Gateway <acronym>IP</acronym> Address</title>
909
<para>A gateway address is also known as the default gateway. The gateway serves as an access point to another network and a majority of the times would be your service provider in order to gain access to the Internet. A gateway <acronym>IP</acronym> address looks the same as an <acronym>IP</acronym> address.</para>
914
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-netmask" status="complete">
915
<title>Netmask</title>
917
<para>A netmask address, or subnet mask, is an address that allows the splitting of a large network into small subnetworks.</para>
922
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-dns" status="complete">
923
<title><acronym>DNS</acronym><acronym>IP</acronym> Address</title>
925
<para><acronym>DNS</acronym> (Domain Name System) translates domain names as well as computer hostnames to <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses. This is the system that will translate www.kubuntu.org into the website's actual <acronym>IP</acronym> address.</para>
929
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-hostname" status="draft">
930
<title>Host name</title>
932
<para>The host name is the physical, unique name of your computer. A valid hostname consists of <acronym>ASCII</acronym> letters "a" through "z", digits "0" through "9", and the hyphen (-). It can consist of any combination of the previous allowed characters.</para>
937
<!-- NETWORK-CONNECTING -->
938
<sect1 id="network-connecting" status="complete">
939
<title>Establishing a connection</title>
941
<para>Establishing a connection depends on various things. Are you connecting directly to the Internet utilising a modem whether it be a <acronym>DSL</acronym> modem or a dial-up modem? Do you have broadband access and have a router or a system providing Internet sharing? Are you using Ethernet or wireless network connection? <acronym>DHCP</acronym> or static? These are just a few of the variables that need to be researched and understood prior to moving on and possibly causing more problems now or later on.</para>
943
<para>There are multiple ways of connecting to a network or the Internet however only three main topics will be covered. <itemizedlist>
944
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-eth"/></para></listitem>
945
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-wifi"/></para></listitem>
946
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-modems"/></para></listitem>
947
</itemizedlist></para>
950
<para><acronym>DSL</acronym> (Digital Subscriber Line) is a form of broadband Internet service that has a modem that connects to the service provider's network. Some users will either connect directly to that modem or may have a router connected to it in order to share the connection.</para>
954
<para><acronym>DHCP</acronym> (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a networking protocol that allows your system to obtain an <acronym>IP</acronym> (Internet Protocol) address, gateway address, netmask, as well as <acronym>DNS</acronym> (Domain Name System) addresses. Using DHCP is setup by default for each network interface installed into the system. This makes connecting easier and seamless in most situations. Please <xref linkend="network-connect-settings"/>.</para>
959
<sect1 id="network-connect-eth" status="complete">
960
<title>Ethernet</title>
962
<para>Ethernet adapters are the most common types of networking interfaces in use today. Ethernet is physically connected with a cable to either your broadband modem, router or switch, or another <acronym>PC</acronym>. The most common type of cable in use is know as Category-5 (<acronym>CAT</acronym>-5). It looks similar to the typical telephone cable, but instead of four wires inside the cable there are eight. For an example of what a <acronym>CAT</acronym>-5 cable looks like, please review <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat-5"/>.</para>
964
<para>The majority of users who are using this form of Ethernet for a connection are not going to run into any problems. If you do run into an issue connecting with this type of connection, the following could potentially assist you in fixing your issue.</para>
966
<sect2 id="network-connect-eth-gui" status="complete">
967
<title>GUI based troubleshooting and settings</title>
973
<guimenu>KMenu</guimenu>
974
<guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem>
975
<guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel>
979
<para>From within the <guilabel>Network Connection</guilabel> window there is a tab named <guilabel>Network Interfaces</guilabel>. Hopefully you will see your adapter labeled something like <guilabel>eth0</guilabel>. If there is an issue with the card or the settings, usually the system will automatically disable the card. If the card is disabled, you will see <guilabel>X Disabled</guilabel> under the <guilabel>State</guilabel> column. To enable the device, simply press the <guibutton>Administrator Mode...</guibutton> at the bottom of the window. This will open a password dialogue in which you enter your username's password. Once you have entered this mode, simply press the <guibutton>Enable Interface</guibutton> button. If there are issues enabling the device, you will be notified with an error. To see the settings of this device, press the <guibutton>Configure Interface...</guibutton> button. The window that opens will allow you to manually configure your network settings to match your network.</para>
985
<sect2 id="network-connect-eth-cli" status="complete">
986
<title>Command line based troubleshooting and settings</title>
992
<guimenu>KMenu</guimenu>
993
<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
994
<guimenuitem>Konsole (Terminal Program)</guimenuitem>
998
<para>The main file that the user will be working with is <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>. A typical default <filename>interfaces</filename> file will look similar to the following:</para>
999
<example id="etc-net-interface">
1000
<title><filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename></title>
1003
iface lo inet loopback
1006
iface eth0 inet dhcp
1009
iface eth1 inet dhcp
1012
<note><title>KNetworkManager Warning</title>
1013
<para>If you are planning on using <application>KNetworkManager</application> it is advised that you <emphasis role="bold">DO NOT</emphasis> edit <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> unless it is necessary to get your network connection working. If you do manually edit your <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> then <application>KNetworkManager</application> will not work.</para>
1023
<sect1 id="network-connect-wifi" status="complete">
1027
Wireless networking has gotten better with Kubuntu 8.04, however there
1028
are still problems for users who do not have a card supported natively.
1029
If you have not purchased a wireless card yet, please take a look at the
1030
supported hardware at
1031
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported"/>.
1034
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-howdoi" status="complete">
1035
<title>How do I...</title>
1040
<term>...figure out if my wireless card works?</term>
1042
<para>If your wireless card has been detected, <application>KNetworkManager</application> will have a menu entry listing your wireless device. You can attempt to connect to your wireless network by clicking on the System Tray icon and selecting your wireless network. If you are able to browse the network with the a web browser, you have successfully connected to the internet.</para>
1047
<term>...configure encryptions such as <acronym>WEP</acronym> or <acronym>WPA</acronym></term>
1049
<para>With <application>KNetworkManager</application> you simple click the application icon in the system tray and select the wireless network you want to connect to. When you click on a network that has encryption enabled, you will get a pop-up dialogue to enter this information. Once entered, this information is stored within the <application>KWallet</application> utility. This allows you to connect to that network in the future just by entering your <application>KWallet</application> password.</para>
1054
<term>...check if I have a Internet connection?</term>
1056
<para>Open up <application>Konqueror</application>, and try to browse to <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com"/>. If this worked, you have a fully working internet connection.</para>
1058
If the above did not work, open up <application>Konsole</application>
1059
(<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) and type <userinput>ping gateway_ip_address</userinput>
1060
(substitude gateway_ip_address by the ip address of your gateway. This
1061
address is usually 192.168.1.1, but may vary depending on the nature of
1062
your network). If you are able to ping your gateway, then the DNS on your
1063
computer is not working correctly. If you are not able to ping the gateway,
1064
then you do not have a proper internet connection.
1070
<term>...figure out which wireless card my system uses?</term>
1072
<para><application>KInfoCentre</application>: (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KInfoCentre - Info Centre</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) A KDE utility that provides information about your computer system. Once <application>KInfoCentre</application> is opened, select <guilabel>PCI</guilabel> from the left hand window. This will display all of the <acronym>PCI</acronym> information about your system. Scroll down until you see <guilabel>Network controller:</guilabel>. This will provide information about your wireless adapter.</para>
1074
<para><emphasis role="bold">Command line</emphasis>: (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) This will open up <application>Konsole</application> providing you with a terminal or the command line. Once you are sitting at the command prompt simply type <userinput>lspci</userinput> and press the <keycap>Enter</keycap> key. Locate the <guilabel>Network controller:</guilabel> line as this will provide information about your wireless adapter.</para>
1079
<term>...get help with my wireless connection?</term>
1081
<para>It is recommended that you use another connection source to the Internet and read through the many topics for wireless connections. The following are just a couple locations to review.</para>
1085
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs"/>
1090
<ulink url="http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=136"/>
1098
<term>...get my Broadcom wireless adapter to work?</term>
1100
<para>Since kernel version 2.6.17, support for Broadcom wireless devices were included. This means that there are some Broadcom devices that work out of the box, however there are still many that don't. If your Broadcom wireless device isn't working then you have two choices; <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> or <application>NdisWrapper</application>.</para>
1101
<para>With the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility there are only a select few devices that actually work. To see the devices that are currently supported please review <ulink url="http://bcm43xx.berlios.de/?go=devices"/>. If your device is not supported then it is advised that you use the <application>NdisWrapper</application> utility. For information on configuring your device with the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility please see <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-bcm43xx"/> and for configuring your device with <application>NdisWrapper</application> utility please see <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper"/>.</para>
1107
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper" status="complete">
1108
<title>NdisWrapper</title>
1111
<title>Command Line Intensive</title>
1112
<para>Configuration of <application>NdisWrapper</application> is command line intensive. There are currently no graphical clients to aide in this configuration. Even though it is command line oriented, the instructions are easy to follow.</para>
1116
<title>Hardware Platforms</title>
1117
<para>This method is only supported for users of the Intel and AMD platforms. Users of older iBooks and Powerbooks cannot use this method. However, users of MacBooks (Intel based) should be able to use this method.</para>
1120
<para><application>NdisWrapper</application> is considered the wireless fix-all for Linux. A great percentage of wireless adapters that are not supported natively or with other utilities are supported with <application>NdisWrapper</application>. Install <application>ndiswrapper</application> by using <application>Adept</application>. If you are uncomfortable with installation practices then it is advised that you review the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.</para>
1122
<para>Once you have installed <application>NdisWrapper</application>, locate the Windows drivers either on a <acronym>CD</acronym> or the Internet. Drivers for Windows XP are preferred, however Windows 2000 drivers will usually work just as well. Once you have located the CD or the drivers on the Internet, copy them to a local folder on your system. In some instances, you may have your drivers in a <filename>driver.zip</filename> or a <filename>driver.exe</filename> file. If it the file is in a <filename>.zip</filename> format, unzip the file by either <mousebutton>right</mousebutton> clicking on the file and selecting <guilabel>Extract</guilabel> from the pop-up menu. If the file is in a <filename>.exe</filename> format, then install the <application>cabextract</application> utility and open up <application>Konsole</application> to navigate the correct directory. Once you have navigated to the directory storing the <filename>.exe</filename> file, type <userinput>cabextract filename.exe</userinput>. This will extract or unzip the file to the directory you are in. The driver will be in the <filename>.inf</filename> format, so what you will want to do is type <userinput>sudo ndiswrapper -i filename.inf</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. If successful you shouldn't receive any errors. This command has gone ahead and loaded or installed the drivers in the <application>NdisWrapper</application> module. To see if these drivers worked, simply type <userinput>sudo modprobe ndiswrapper</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Test to see if you have a network and/or Internet connection.</para>
1124
<para>If everything went well then the final step would be to load the <application>NdisWrapper</application> module by default. To do this simple type <userinput>sudo sh -c "echo ndiswrapper >> /etc/modules"</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will automatically start <application>NdisWrapper</application> at boot time.</para>
1126
<para>If everything didn't go so well, the issue may not be with <application>NdisWrapper</application> but possibly with <application>KNetworkManager</application>. To see if in fact that <application>KNetworkManager</application> was at fault, simply click the system tray icon and select <guilabel>Quit</guilabel>. Once <application>KNetworkManager</application> has closed, go back to the command line and type <userinput>sudo modprobe -r ndiswrapper && sudo modprobe
1127
ndiswrapper</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will unload <application>NdisWrapper</application> and then reload it. After you have reloaded it, test your network and/or Internet connection again.</para>
1131
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-bcm43xx" status="complete">
1132
<title>Broadcom</title>
1134
<para>Since the 6.10 (Edgy Eft) release, the kernel has included driver support for some Broadcom cards utilising the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility. Currently there are not that many supported cards, however development continues. To see if your card is supported please review the list at <ulink url="http://bcm43xx.berlios.de/?go=devices"/>. If your card is not included in the list, then refer to <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper"/>.</para>
1136
<para>To get started, the first thing you will need to do is install the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility. For more information on installing extra applications, please refer to the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> section.</para>
1138
<para>Once you have <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> installed you can read through a list of links to various drivers for your Broadcom device. To do this open up <application>Konsole</application> (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) and type at the prompt <userinput>zless /usr/share/doc/bcm43xx-fwcutter/README.gz</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. You have the choice of picking a driver from that list, driver CD, or manufacturer's website. The file you are interested in using is the <filename>bcwl5.sys</filename> file. If you have the drivers in a <filename>.zip</filename> format, unzip the files to a local directory. If the drivers are in a <filename>.exe</filename> format, you will need to install <application>Cabextract</application>. With <application>Cabextract</application>, at the command line locate the directory where you downloaded or copied the file to. Once there type at the prompt <userinput>cabextract filename.exe</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will extract the file into the directory you are in.</para>
1140
<para>Now that you have the driver files extracted, navigate with <application>Konsole</application> to the directory with the driver files. Next you will use the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility to install the drivers. To do so, at the prompt type <userinput>sudo bcm43xx-fwcutter -w
1141
/lib/firmware/$(uname -r) bcwl5.sys</userinput>. You may receive a couple of warnings which are nothing to worry about. If it didn't work, it will provide an error that states either driver isn't supported or the driver is too old. If this is the case, you would repeat this step using one of the drivers from the list in the <filename>README.gz</filename> file shown above. If you continue to have issues, connect to the Internet with another source and review the following sites: <itemizedlist>
1142
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://bcm43xx.spugna.org/"/></para></listitem>
1143
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=136"/></para></listitem>
1144
</itemizedlist> If you continue to have issues with loading the drivers, then you may need to use the <application>NdisWrapper</application> utility.</para>
1146
<para>Now if you went through the driver installation without any major errors or issues, the next step would be to load the new module you created in the previous step. At the command line type <userinput>sudo modprobe
1147
bcm43xx</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. To see if the module loaded and is working, at the prompt type <userinput>iwconfig</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. If it works it should return the name of the interface as <acronym>ethX</acronym> where X is the number of the device. In most cases it may be <acronym>eth1</acronym> if you have a <acronym>CAT-5</acronym> Ethernet device already installed and configured. Also to test and see if your device can scan, at the command prompt type <userinput>sudo iwlist ethX scan</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Don't worry if it reports <emphasis>no networks found</emphasis> as your connection may still be working. Test and see if you can connect to your network and the Internet. If everything has worked then you will want to add the module so it will load at boot. To do so, at the command prompt type <userinput>sudo sh -c "echo bcm43xx >> /etc/modules"</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1154
<sect1 id="network-connect-modems" status="complete">
1155
<title>MODEMS</title>
1157
<sect2 id="modems-adsl" status="complete">
1161
<para>Please refer to <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ADSLPPPoE"/> for further information if you run into issues with the following procedures.</para>
1164
<sect3 id="pppoe-adsl" status="complete">
1165
<title>PPPoE ADSL Modem Installation</title>
1169
<para>Open <application>Konsole</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
1173
<para>At the command prompt type <userinput>sudo pppoeconf</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1177
<para>A text-based menu program will guide you through the next steps, which are:</para>
1180
<para>Confirm that your Ethernet card is detected.</para>
1183
<para>Enter your username provided by your <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
1186
<para>Enter your password provided by your <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
1189
<para>If you already have a <acronym>PPPoE</acronym> connection configured, you will be asked if it may be modified.</para>
1192
<para>When asked if you want the <option>noauth</option> and the <option>defaultroute</option> options and want to remove the <option>nodetach</option> option, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.</para>
1195
<para>When asked if you want to use <option>peer DNS</option>, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.</para>
1198
<para>When asked if you want the <option>Limited MSS</option>, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.</para>
1201
<para>When asked if you want to connect at start up, select <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis> to enable a start up connection, or <emphasis role="bold">No</emphasis> to manually connect.</para>
1204
<para>When asked if you want to connect immediately, select the appropriate response.</para>
1210
<para>To start your <acronym>ADSL</acronym> connection on demand type <userinput>pon
1211
dsl-provider</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1215
<para>To stop your <acronym>ADSL</acronym> connection type <userinput>poff
1216
dsl-provider</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1222
<sect3 id="usb-adsl" status="complete">
1223
<title>USB ADSL Modem Installation</title>
1225
<para>Due to similar issues of that with a Winmodem, installation and configuration of a <acronym>USB</acronym><acronym>ADSL</acronym> modem may require lengthy procedures depending on the type of modem. For further installation information, pleas refer to <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UsbAdslModem"/>. You will of course need another means of connection in order to review this documentation.</para>
1230
<sect2 id="modems-dialup" status="complete">
1231
<title>Dial-Up</title>
1233
<para>Many people still access the Internet via a dial-up modem today. There are two basic types of dial-up modems in use. <variablelist>
1234
<varlistentry><term>Software Modems</term>
1236
<para>Software modems, also known as Winmodems, are the type that are usually built into the system itself whether it is a desktop or a laptop. These modems are usually connected to a <acronym>PCI</acronym> port inside of the computer or a <acronym>USB</acronym> port outside of the computer. There are still quite a few of these types of modems that are not supported by Linux due to the type of binary driver or firmware they use. Winmodems supported in Linux are also known as Linmodems.</para>
1240
<varlistentry><term>Hardware Modems</term>
1242
<para>Hardware modems, or true modems, are usually connected to the serial port outside of the computer and process the raw modem commands unlike a Winmodem. These types of modems have become rare of late however they still stand as the most supported type of modem for Linux as they typically do not need a special driver.</para>
1245
</variablelist></para>
1247
<para>The following sections will provide information on installation and configuration of your modem. The last section will provide configuration information on configuring a dial-up connection (see <xref linkend="dialup-config"/>).</para>
1249
<sect3 id="winmodem" status="complete">
1250
<title>Winmodem Installation</title>
1252
<para>Unfortunately due to the many different types of chipsets and the work involved in getting a Winmodem installed and functioning would be difficult to document in this one location. However, there are already documents out there to help you in your success at getting your Winmodem to work with Kubuntu. Not every Winmodem is guaranteed to work, but there are utilities out there to aide you in getting a supported Winmodem to work. The following links will hopefully provide the information needed to get your Winmodem working.</para>
1256
<para><ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/"/> - This site is the main informational point for getting Winmodems, or Linmodems as they are also known as, installed and working in Linux.</para>
1260
<para><ulink url="http://132.68.73.235/linmodems/index.html#scanmodem"/> - This site provides useful information on the <application>scanModem</application> utility. This is the utility that will not only detect your Winmodem, but it will also provide information on the type of support for your device.</para>
1264
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/ScanModem"/> - Ubuntu community documentation on utilising the <application>scanModem</application> utility within Ubuntu and Kubuntu.</para>
1268
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto"/> - Ubuntu community documentation on general dial-up modem information. A good starting point for Ubuntu and Kubuntu systems alike.</para>
1272
<para><ulink url="http://start.at/modem"/> - Winmodems are not modems website that contains a very broad database of Winmodem support. Use this to further verify support for your modem, or research the list first before trying to install a device that may not be supported.</para>
1278
<sect3 id="hardware-modem" status="complete">
1279
<title>Hardware Modem Installation</title>
1281
<para>Unlike software modems, or Winmodems, hardware modems do not need special software drivers. If your modem connects to your <acronym>PC</acronym> via the serial port, then you are in fact using a hardware modem. In order to configure your modem, you need to know which <acronym>COM</acronym> port, or serial port, you are using. The typical structure for <acronym>COM</acronym> devices is <filename>/dev/ttySx</filename>, where x is one less than the <acronym>COM</acronym> port number. For instance, if you plug your modem into <acronym>COM</acronym> port 1, then you would use the <filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> device. Port 2 would be <filename>/dev/ttyS1</filename> and so on.</para>
1285
<sect3 id="dialup-config" status="complete">
1286
<title>Dial-up Internet configuration</title>
1288
<para>There are a few ways in order for you to get your dial-up connection working with the Internet.</para>
1290
<sect4 id="kppp" status="complete">
1291
<title>Using KPPP</title>
1293
<para><application>KPPP</application> - The dialer and front end for <application>pppd</application> which allows for interactive script generation and network setup. This is the preferred application in Kubuntu for dial-up modems. For more information on setting up <application>KPPP</application>, please refer to <ulink type="help" url="help:/kppp">The KPPP Handbook</ulink>.</para>
1297
<sect4 id="wvdial" status="complete">
1298
<title>Using WvDial</title>
1300
<para><application>WvDial</application> - The command line Linux application for dial-up modems. This utility has been around almost since the invention of Linux itself. The following is a quick step-by-step procedure for using <application>WvDial</application>. Note that <application>WvDial</application> use is command line intensive.</para>
1304
<para>Open <application>Konsole</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
1308
<para>At the command prompt, type <userinput>sudo wvdialconf
1309
/etc/wvdial.conf</userinput> and then press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1310
<note><title>ERROR</title>
1311
<para>If you see the following error, then your modem is not supported, in use, or not properly configured.</para>
1314
Editing `/etc/wvdial.conf'.
1316
Scanning your serial ports for a modem.
1318
Modem Port Scan<*1>: S0 S1 S2 S3
1321
Sorry, no modem was detected! Is it in use by another program?
1322
Did you configure it properly with setserial?
1324
Please read the FAQ at http://open.nit.ca/wiki/?WvDial
1326
If you still have problems, send mail to <wvdial-list@lists.nit.ca>.
1331
<para>If you did not receive the previous error message then you can move on and finish the setup by manually editing the <filename>/etc/wvdial.conf</filename> configuration file. To do so press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>, type <userinput>kdesu kwrite /etc/wvdial.conf</userinput> and press the <keycap>OK</keycap> button.</para>
1335
<para>After opening the <filename>wvdial.conf</filename>, insert your <acronym>ISP</acronym> information where needed. Other options may be needed in order to get your Winmodem to work correctly. This information is either available on the <ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/">Linmodems</ulink> website, or if you sent an email to their mailing-list, the information they provided to aide you in your setup. You can also type <userinput>man
1336
wvdial.conf</userinput> at the command prompt for further information.</para>
1340
<para>Save and close out of the <filename>/etc/wvdial.conf</filename> configuration file.</para>
1344
<para>At the command line, try to dial out by typing <userinput>sudo
1345
wvdial</userinput> and pressing <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
1352
<sect4 id="pppconfig" status="complete">
1353
<title>Using pppconfig with pon & poff</title>
1355
<para><application>pppconfig</application> is another command line option used to manage dial-up connections. This setup is not the easiest to configure, however it is a very flexible application. The <application>pon</application> and <application>poff</application> dial and hang-up when using the <application>pppconfig</application> utility.</para>
1357
<para>If you are interested in using this utility, please refer to the <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/SetUpDialer#head- 0769b0061bf81bfba710118540bd86223e815761">wiki topic for pppconfig</ulink>.</para>
1364
<!-- SHARING BETWEEN SYSTEMS -->
1365
<sect1 id="network-sharing" status="complete">
1366
<title>Network sharing</title>
1368
<para>Network sharing in Kubuntu, or Linux in general is easy and only requires very little configuration. Three quick choices are <variablelist>
1370
<term><application>Samba</application></term>
1372
<para>Provides file and print services to all <acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS</acronym> clients, including Microsoft Windows. <acronym>Samba</acronym> is the recommended way to connecting to your Microsoft shares and the easiest to setup and configure.</para>
1377
<term><application>NFS</application></term>
1379
<para>Network File System supports sharing of files, printers and resources over a network. <application>NFS</application> is more difficult to setup and configure however it contains extra features and added benefits to an all Linux network.</para>
1384
<term><application>ZeroConf</application></term>
1386
<para>Zero Configuration Networking is a system that automatically creates an <acronym>IP</acronym> network without configuration or servers. This type of setup allows users without the knowledge of networking to easily configure a simple network.</para>
1389
</variablelist></para>
1391
<sect2 id="network-sharing-samba" status="complete">
1392
<title>Samba</title>
1394
<para>If you are using a Windows network, then <application>Samba</application> may be your choice and configuration does not require use of the command line. To start simply press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo> and type <userinput>kdesu kwrite /etc/samba/smb.conf</userinput> and press the <guibutton>Run</guibutton> button. This will open the <application>KWrite</application> text editor. Navigate down just below the <guilabel>Global Settings</guilabel> section to where it says <guilabel>workgroup = MSHOME</guilabel> and change out the <guilabel>MSHOME</guilabel> to match your Windows workgroup. Save the file and close <application>KWrite</application>. The next step is to install <application>Samba</application>. For more information on installation please review the section <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications">Adding Applications</ulink>.</para>
1396
<para>Using the icons located in the <application>Kicker</application>, the terminal looking icon (<application>System Menu</application>) to the immediate right of the <application>KMenu</application> icon will allow you to navigate to <guilabel>Remote Places</guilabel>. Once you have navigated to there, you will be able to access <guilabel>Samba Shares</guilabel>.</para>
1398
<para>For more information, further instructions, or advanced features of <application>Samba</application> please review <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpSamba"/>.</para>
1402
<sect2 id="network-sharing-nfs" status="complete">
1403
<title><acronym>NFS</acronym></title>
1405
<para><acronym>NFS</acronym>, or Network File System, is a file system supporting the sharing of files, printers and resources permanently over a network. <acronym>NFS</acronym> is much more advanced and difficult than <application>Samba</application>. Considering <acronym>NFS</acronym> is a very extensive protocol for file sharing, this portion of the Kubuntu System Documentation will ask you to review the following sites for further information: <itemizedlist>
1407
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NFSv4Howto"/></para>
1410
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpNFSHowTo"/></para>
1413
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/OnNFSDrive"/></para>
1416
<para><ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/"/></para>
1418
</itemizedlist></para>
1422
<sect2 id="network-sharing-zeroconf" status="complete">
1423
<title>ZeroConf Networking</title>
1425
<para><acronym>ZeroConf</acronym>, or Zero Configuration Networking, is a system that automatically creates an <acronym>IP</acronym> network without special configurations or servers. This type of networking and sharing is by far the most simple and is targeted to users with little or no networking knowledge. <acronym>ZeroConf</acronym> allows a user to to connect to computers, networked printers, and other shareable resources on the network without configuring network settings by hand.</para>
1428
<title>ZeroConf Configuration</title>
1430
<para>Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.</para>
1434
<para>Select <guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel>.</para>
1438
<para>In the left hand side of the <application>Network Settings</application> dialogue, select the <guilabel>Zeroconf Service Discovery</guilabel> option.</para>
1442
<para>If the <guilabel>Enable Zeroconf network browsing</guilabel> or the <guilabel>Browse local network</guilabel> options are not selected, please select them now and press the <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> button.</para>
1447
<title>Accessing network shares</title>
1449
<para>Select <guimenuitem>Remote Places</guimenuitem> from the <guibutton>System Menu</guibutton> icon located to the immediate right of the <application>KMenu</application>.</para>
1453
<para>To view other <acronym>ZeroConf</acronym> systems, select <guilabel>Network Services</guilabel> from the main window.</para>
1457
<para>To view all available systems on your network, select <guilabel>Samba Shares</guilabel> from the main window.</para>
1464
<!-- NETWORK APPLICATIONS -->
1465
<sect1 id="network-apps" status="complete">
1466
<title>Networking Applications</title>
1468
<para>Kubuntu has a a great deal of applications designed around networking. Whether it is network monitoring, network security, or many others, Kubuntu has a solution for you. For more information on some of the available networking applications for Kubuntu, please see: <itemizedlist>
1469
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-knetworkmanager"/></para></listitem>
1470
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-wireshark"/></para></listitem>
1471
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-etherape"/></para></listitem>
1472
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-firewall"/></para></listitem>
1473
</itemizedlist></para>
1475
<sect2 id="network-apps-knetworkmanager" status="complete">
1476
<title>KNetworkManager</title>
1478
<para><application>KNetworkManager</application> is the KDE front end for <application>NetworkManager</application>. Providing a sophisticated yet intuitive user interface, <application>KNetworkManager</application> allows users to easily switch their network environment. <application>KNetworkManager</application> is installed with every Kubuntu system. The following is a brief list of the devices that <application>KNetworkManager</application> supports: <itemizedlist>
1480
<para>Wired Ethernet (<acronym>IEEE</acronym> 802.3)</para>
1484
<para>Wireless Ethernet (<acronym>IEEE</acronym> 802.11): Unencrypted, WEP, WPA (Personal and Enterprise)</para>
1488
<para>Virtual Private Network (<acronym>VPN</acronym>): <application>OpenVPN</application>, <application>VPNC</application></para>
1492
<para>Dial-Up (<acronym>PPP</acronym>)</para>
1495
</itemizedlist></para>
1497
<para>More information can be found on the <application>KNetworkManager</application> website located at <ulink url="http://en.opensuse.org/Projects/KNetworkManager"/>.</para>
1501
<sect2 id="network-apps-wireshark" status="complete">
1502
<title>Wireshark</title>
1504
<para><application>Wireshark</application> is a network traffic analyzer, or "sniffer", used to capture packets off the wire while decoding numerous protocols. More information can be found on the <application>Wireshark</application> website located at <ulink url="http://www.wireshark.org/"/>.</para>
1506
<para><application>Wireshark</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu. Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.</para>
1509
<sect2 id="network-apps-etherape" status="complete">
1510
<title>EtherApe</title>
1512
<para><application>EtherApe</application> graphically displays network activities. Active hosts are shown as circles of varying size, and the traffic among them is shown as lines of varying width. <application>EtherApe</application> is a <application>GNOME</application> application and requires the <application>GNOME</application> libraries. These libraries will automatically be installed and configured for you if you decide to use <application>EtherApe</application>. More information can be found on the <application>EtherApe</application> website located at <ulink url="http://etherape.sourceforge.net"/>.</para>
1514
<para><application>EtherApe</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu. Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.</para>
1517
<sect2 id="network-apps-firewall" status="complete">
1518
<title>Guarddog</title>
1520
<para><application>Guarddog</application> is a firewall configuration utility for KDE. It is aimed at two groups of users: <itemizedlist>
1522
<para>Novice to intermediate users who are not experts in <acronym>TCP/IP</acronym> networking and security</para>
1526
<para>Those users who don't want the hassle of dealing with cryptic shell scripts and ipchains or iptables parameters.</para>
1528
</itemizedlist> More information can be found on the <application>Guarddog</application> website located at <ulink url="http://www.simonzone.com/software/guarddog/"/>.</para>
1530
<para><application>Guarddog</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu. Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.</para>
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kubuntu/network/en_GB/network.xml
