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<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../../libs/global.ent">
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<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
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<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
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<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Hardy Heron">
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<!ENTITY distro-rev "8.04">
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<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2008">
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<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "hardy">
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<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.24">
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<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.2.3">
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<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.7">
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<!ENTITY python-version "2.5.2">
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<!-- AUTHORS --><!ENTITY author-ubuntu-documentation-project SYSTEM "../common/authors/ubuntu-documentation-project.xml">
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<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
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<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
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<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
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<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
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<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
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<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
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<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
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<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
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<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
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<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-dpkgfile "ubuntu5.10.tar">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
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<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
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<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
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<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
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<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
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<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
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<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
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<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
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<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
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<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
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<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
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<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
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<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
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<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
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<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
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<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
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<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
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<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
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<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
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<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
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<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
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<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
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<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
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<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
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<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
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<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
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<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
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<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
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<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
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<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
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<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
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<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
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<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
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<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
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<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
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<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
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<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
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<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
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<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
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<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
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<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
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<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
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<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
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<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
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<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
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<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
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<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
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<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
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<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
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<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
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<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
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<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
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<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
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<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
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<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
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<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
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<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
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<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
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<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
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<!ENTITY Breton "br">
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<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
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<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
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<!ENTITY Danish "da">
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<!ENTITY German "de">
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<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
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<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
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<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
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<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
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<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
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<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
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<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
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<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
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<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
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<!ENTITY French "fr">
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<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
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<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
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<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
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<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
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<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
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<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
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<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
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<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
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<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
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<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
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<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
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<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
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<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
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<!ENTITY Italian "it">
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<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
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<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
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<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
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<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
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<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
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<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
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<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
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<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
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<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
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<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
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<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
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<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
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<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
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<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
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<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
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<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
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<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
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<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
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<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
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<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
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<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
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<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
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<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
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<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
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<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
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<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
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<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
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<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
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<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
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<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
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<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
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<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
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<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
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<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
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<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
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<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
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<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
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<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
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<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
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<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
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<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
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<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
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<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
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<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
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<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
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<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
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<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
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<!ENTITY Somali "so">
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<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
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<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
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<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
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<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
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<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
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<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
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<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
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<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
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<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
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<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
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<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
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<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
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<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
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<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
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<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
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<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
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<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
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<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
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<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
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<!ENTITY % cdo-C SYSTEM "../../../libs/cdo-C.ent">
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<!-- COMMON DOC OBJECTS --><!ENTITY copyright SYSTEM "../common/C/copyright.xml">
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<!ENTITY conventions SYSTEM "../common/C/conventions.xml">
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<!ENTITY feedback SYSTEM "../common/C/feedback.xml">
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<!ENTITY publisher SYSTEM "../common/C/publisher.xml">
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<!ENTITY disclaimer SYSTEM "../common/C/disclaimer.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY inline-ubuntu-icon-header SYSTEM "../common/C/inlinemediaobject-ubuntu-icon-header.xml">
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<!ENTITY relative-ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-relative-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY ubuntu-icon SYSTEM "../common/C/mediaobject-ubuntu-icon.xml">
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<!ENTITY gpl SYSTEM "../common/C/gpl.xml">
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<!ENTITY fdl SYSTEM "../common/C/fdl.xml">
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<!ENTITY cc-by-sa SYSTEM "../common/C/ccbysa.xml">
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<!ENTITY licenses SYSTEM "../common/C/licenses.xml">
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<!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../common/C/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY klegalnotice SYSTEM "../kubuntu/libs/legalnotice.xml">
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<!ENTITY % kde-menus-C SYSTEM "../../libs/kde-menus-C.ent">
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<!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS AT THE VERY END --><!-- KDE MENU Entries --><!ENTITY menuar "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add/Remove Programs</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuadept "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Adept Manager - Manage Packages</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuakregator "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Akregator - RSS Feed Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuamarok "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Amarok Audio -Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuark "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Ark - Archiving Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuaudacity "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublender "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Blender</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menubluechat "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Bluetooth Chat</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menublueobex "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Bluetooth OBEX Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudevhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menudigikam "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>digiKam - Photo Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menueclipse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Eclipse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuff "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menufind "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Find
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Files/Folders</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugambas "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugimp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gimp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menugwenview "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Gwenview - Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Help</guimenuitem></menuchoice
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<!ENTITY menuinkscape "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Inkscape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<!ENTITY menuk3b "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
316
<guimenuitem>K3b - CD & DVD Burning</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
317
<!ENTITY menukaffeine "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
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<guimenuitem>Kaffeine - Media Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
319
<!ENTITY menukaramba "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
320
<guimenuitem>SuperKaramba</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
321
<!ENTITY menukarm "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
322
<guimenuitem>KArm Personal Time Tracker</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
323
<!ENTITY menukatapult "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
324
<guimenuitem>Katapult - KDE launcher</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
325
<!ENTITY menukate "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
326
<guimenuitem>Kate - Advanced Text Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
327
<!ENTITY menuaudiocreator "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
328
<guimenuitem>KAudioCreator - CD Ripper</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
329
<!ENTITY menukcron "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
330
>KCron - Task Scheduler</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
331
<!ENTITY menugwwiz "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KDE Groupware Wizard</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
332
<!ENTITY menukdevelop "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
333
<guimenuitem>KDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
334
<!ENTITY menukeep "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
335
>Keep Backup System</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
336
<!ENTITY menukexi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kexi - Database Creator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
337
<!ENTITY menukinfoctr "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KInfoCenter - Info Center</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
338
<!ENTITY menukino "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
339
<guimenuitem>Kino</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
340
<!ENTITY menukivio "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
341
<guimenuitem>Kivio (Flowchart & Diagram
342
Editing)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
343
<!ENTITY menukjobview "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
344
<guimenuitem>KJobViewer - Print Jobs</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
345
<!ENTITY menukmag "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
346
<guimenuitem>KMag - Screen Magnifier</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
347
<!ENTITY menukmix "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu>
348
<guimenuitem>KMix - Sound Mixer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
349
<!ENTITY menukmouse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
350
<guimenuitem>KMouseTool - Automatic Mouse Click</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
351
<!ENTITY menukmymoney "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
352
<guimenuitem>KMyMoney2</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
353
<!ENTITY menuknetmgr "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
354
<guimenuitem>KNetworkManager - Network Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
355
<!ENTITY menuknotes "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
356
<guimenuitem>KNotes - Popup Notes</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
357
<!ENTITY menukonqi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
358
<guimenuitem>Konqueror - Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
359
<!ENTITY menukonsole "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem
360
>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
361
<!ENTITY menukontact "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kontact - Personal Information Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
362
<!ENTITY menukonv "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konversation - IRC Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
363
<!ENTITY menukooka "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kooka - Scan & OCR Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
364
<!ENTITY menukopete "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kopete - Instant Messager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
365
<!ENTITY menukpdf "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KPDF - PDF Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
366
<!ENTITY menukppp "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KPPP - Internet Dial-Up Tool</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
367
<!ENTITY menukrdc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krdc - Remote Desktop Connection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
368
<!ENTITY menukrfb "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krfb - Desktop Sharing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
369
<!ENTITY menukrita "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Krita - Painting and Image Editing</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
370
<!ENTITY menukscd "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Multimedia</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSCD - CD Player</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
371
<!ENTITY menuksnap "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSnapshot - Screen Capture Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
372
<!ENTITY menuksysgd "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSysGuard - Performance Monitor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
373
<!ENTITY menuksyslog "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KSystemLog - System Logs Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
374
<!ENTITY menuktorrent "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KTorrent - BitTorrent Client</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
375
<!ENTITY menukubdb "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Kubuntu Device Database</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
376
<!ENTITY menulock "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Lock Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
377
<!ENTITY menulogout "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Log Out...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
378
<!ENTITY menumonodev "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
379
<guimenuitem>MonoDevelop</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
380
<!ENTITY menumonodoc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
381
<guimenuitem>MonoDoc</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
382
<!ENTITY menuqt4designer "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Development</guisubmenu>
383
<guimenuitem>Qt4 Designer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
384
<!ENTITY menuqtparted "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
385
<guimenuitem>QtParted</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
386
<!ENTITY menurun "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>Run
387
Command...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
388
<!ENTITY menuscribus "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Graphics</guisubmenu>
389
<guimenuitem>Scribus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
390
<!ENTITY menuskim "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
391
<guimenuitem>Skim - Input method platform</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
392
<!ENTITY menuspcrnch "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Utilities</guisubmenu>
393
<guimenuitem>SpeedCrunch - Calculator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
394
<!ENTITY menusud "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch
395
User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>username: default (:0,
396
vt7)</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
397
<!ENTITY menusul "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Lock Current & Start New Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
398
<!ENTITY menusun "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Switch
399
User</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Start New Session</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
400
<!ENTITY menusysset "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System
401
Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
402
<!ENTITY menuwifi "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu>
403
<guimenuitem>Wireless Assistant Wireless LAN
404
Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
405
<!ENTITY menukbandmouse "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System
406
Settings</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Keyboard &
407
Mouse</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
408
<!ENTITY menufax "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guisubmenuitem>Fax Address Utility</guisubmenuitem></menuchoice>">
409
<!-- OPEN OFFICE --><!ENTITY menuooimpress "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
410
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Impress - Presentation</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
411
<!ENTITY menuoocalc "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
412
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Calc - Spreadsheet</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
413
<!ENTITY menuoowriter "<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu>
414
<guimenuitem>OpenOffice.org Writer - Word Processor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
415
<!-- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS --><!ENTITY ctrlaltf1 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
416
<keycap>F1</keycap></keycombo>">
417
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf2 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
418
<keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>">
419
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf3 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
420
<keycap>F3</keycap></keycombo>">
421
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf4 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
422
<keycap>F4</keycap></keycombo>">
423
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf5 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
424
<keycap>F5</keycap></keycombo>">
425
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf6 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
426
<keycap>F6</keycap></keycombo>">
427
<!ENTITY ctrlaltf7 "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap>
428
<keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo>">
429
<!ENTITY ctrlaltbkspc "<keycombo><keycap>Ctrl</keycap><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Backspace</keycap>
431
<!ENTITY % kde SYSTEM "../../libs/kde.ent">
432
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY kde-version "3.5.9">
433
<!ENTITY adept "Adept">
434
<!ENTITY appshort "<application>Adept</application>">
435
<!ENTITY different-user "kdesu">
436
<!ENTITY % kde-general SYSTEM "/usr/share/apps/ksgmltools2/customization/obsolete/general.entities">
438
KDE general entities for DocBook as used in the KDE documentation
440
Copyright (C) 2002 Frederik Fouvry
442
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
443
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
444
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
445
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
447
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
448
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
449
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
450
GNU General Public License for more details.
452
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
453
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
454
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
456
Send suggestions, comments, etc. to the KDE docbook list
457
<kde-docbook@kde.org>.
462
Refer to this file as
464
"-//KDE//ENTITIES DocBook XML General Entity Declarations V1.1//EN"
466
This file contains what dbgenent.mod should contain and is read
467
after all other files just like dbgenent.mod should be.
469
--><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- Extensions to the DocBook DTD --><!-- ============================================================= --><!-- E.g. KDE specific entities (see also dbgenent.mod for this) --><!-- Legal texts we put in a specific place
470
so that we don't need to cut'n'paste them to every doc
471
--><!ENTITY GPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA SGML>
472
<!ENTITY GPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License V2//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html" NDATA linespecific>
473
<!ENTITY GPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/gpl-notice.docbook">
474
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML (why?) --><!ENTITY LGPL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA SGML>
475
<!ENTITY LGPL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License V2.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html" NDATA linespecific>
476
<!ENTITY LGPLNotice PUBLIC "-//KDE//DOCUMENT GNU Lesser General Public License Notice//EN" "../en/entities/lgpl-notice.docbook">
477
<!-- meant for inclusion, so no [CN]DATA SGML --><!ENTITY FDL-html PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1 (HTML)//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA SGML>
478
<!ENTITY FDL PUBLIC "-//GNU//DOCUMENT GNU Free Documentation License V1.1//EN" "http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html" NDATA linespecific>
479
<!-- FDLNotice is defined in lang.entities (why?) --><!-- KDE index generation
480
Set addindex to IGNORE to stop index generation
481
Indices are generated on the fly, so no intermediate file is needed
482
--><!ENTITY % addindex "INCLUDE">
483
<!ENTITY documentation.index "<index></index>">
484
<!--ENTITY kapp "(Oops - someone forgot to fill in the application name here)" --><!-- Entities to fill in slots in docbook version of FDL notice --><!ENTITY % FDLIS "IGNORE">
485
<!ENTITY % FDLFCT "IGNORE">
486
<!ENTITY % FDLBCT "IGNORE">
487
<!-- These are the language-independent entities. They can be (more
488
or less) freely extended. Keep this list sorted and sensible.
489
Make sure you always add full markup to the text.
491
Naming policy: name the entity like you would see the text
492
(inclusive case). KDE entities are always lowercased. Spaces
493
are omitted. Examples: Qt (for "Qt"), RedHat (for "Red Hat"),
494
kfloppy (for "KFloppy") . (Entity names cannot start with digits,
495
in that case, use the written form for the first digit.)
497
DO NOT JUST RENAME ENTITIES! That implies removal of an existing
498
entity and that may change the validity of documents, which must
499
not happen. Place the name you wish to remove in the list of
500
obsolete entities (depending on the case, the expansion is
501
redefined or kept as it was); the new name goes in the official list.
502
A later version of the DTD (with another version number!) will
503
effectively remove these entities. In that way, old documents
504
remain valid, while new ones can only use the new declarations.
505
--><!ENTITY AIX "<trademark class='registered'>AIX</trademark>">
506
<!ENTITY aktion "<application>aKtion</application>">
507
<!ENTITY amor "<application>AMOR</application>">
508
<!ENTITY ark "<application>Ark</application>">
509
<!ENTITY arts "<application>aRts</application>">
510
<!ENTITY arts-builder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
511
<!ENTITY artscontrol "<application>artscontrol</application>">
512
<!ENTITY artsd "<application>artsd</application>">
513
<!ENTITY artsdsp "<application>artsdsp</application>">
514
<!ENTITY artsserver "<application>artsserver</application>">
515
<!ENTITY artsshell "<application>artsshell</application>">
516
<!ENTITY artswrapper "<application>artswrapper</application>">
517
<!ENTITY ATAPI "<acronym>ATAPI</acronym>">
518
<!ENTITY atlantik "<application>Atlantik</application>">
519
<!ENTITY brahms "<application>Brahms</application>">
520
<!ENTITY catalogmanager "<application>Catalog Manager</application>">
521
<!ENTITY CD "<acronym>CD</acronym>">
522
<!ENTITY CDE "<acronym>CDE</acronym>">
523
<!ENTITY CD-ROM "<acronym>CD-ROM</acronym>">
524
<!ENTITY cervisia "<application>Cervisia</application>">
525
<!ENTITY CSS "<trademark>CSS</trademark>">
526
<!ENTITY CUPS "<acronym>CUPS</acronym>">
527
<!ENTITY drkonqi "<application>DrKonqi</application>">
528
<!ENTITY DCOP "<acronym>DCOP</acronym>">
529
<!ENTITY DVI "<acronym>DVI</acronym>">
530
<!ENTITY ELF "<acronym>ELF</acronym>">
531
<!ENTITY Emacs "<application>Emacs</application>">
532
<!ENTITY flashkard "<application>FlashKard</application>">
533
<!ENTITY FTP "<acronym>FTP</acronym>">
534
<!ENTITY gcc "<command>gcc</command>">
535
<!ENTITY GIF "<acronym>GIF</acronym>">
536
<!ENTITY GMT "<acronym>GMT</acronym>">
537
<!ENTITY GNU "<acronym>GNU</acronym>">
538
<!ENTITY GUI "<acronym>GUI</acronym>">
539
<!ENTITY Handspring "<trademark>Handspring</trademark>">
540
<!ENTITY Hewlett-Packard '<trademark class="registered">Hewlett-Packard</trademark>'>
541
<!ENTITY HotSync '<trademark class="registered">HotSync</trademark>'>
542
<!ENTITY HP '<trademark class="registered">HP</trademark>'>
543
<!ENTITY HP-UX '<trademark class="registered">HP-UX</trademark>'>
544
<!ENTITY HTTP "<acronym>HTTP</acronym>">
545
<!ENTITY IRIX '<trademark class="registered">IRIX</trademark>'>
546
<!ENTITY Java "<trademark>Java</trademark>">
547
<!ENTITY Jini "<trademark>Jini</trademark>">
548
<!ENTITY kab2 "<application>Kab2</application>">
549
<!ENTITY kenolaba "<application>Kenolaba</application>">
550
<!ENTITY kaboodle "<application>Kaboodle</application>">
551
<!ENTITY kaddressbook "<application>KAddressBook</application>">
552
<!ENTITY kalarm "<application>KAlarm</application>">
553
<!ENTITY kalarmd "<application>KAlarmd</application>">
554
<!ENTITY kalzium "<application>Kalzium</application>">
555
<!ENTITY kamera "<application>Kamera</application>">
556
<!ENTITY kandy "<application>Kandy</application>">
557
<!ENTITY kappfinder "<application>Kappfinder</application>">
558
<!ENTITY kaphorism "<application>KAphorism</application>">
559
<!ENTITY karm "<application>KArm</application>">
560
<!ENTITY kasteroids "<application>KAsteroids</application>">
561
<!ENTITY kate "<application>Kate</application>">
562
<!ENTITY katomic "<application>KAtomic</application>">
563
<!ENTITY kbabel "<application>KBabel</application>">
564
<!ENTITY kbabeldict "<application>KBabelDict</application>">
565
<!ENTITY kbackgammon "<application>KBackgammon</application>">
566
<!ENTITY kbattleship "<application>KBattleship</application>">
567
<!ENTITY kbiff "<application>KBiff</application>">
568
<!ENTITY kblackbox "<application>KBlackbox</application>">
569
<!ENTITY kbounce "<application>KBounce</application>">
570
<!ENTITY kbugbuster "<application>kbugbuster</application>">
571
<!ENTITY kcalc "<application>KCalc</application>">
572
<!ENTITY kcharselect "<application>KCharSelect</application>">
573
<!ENTITY kchart "<application>KChart</application>">
574
<!ENTITY kchat "<application>KChat</application>">
575
<!ENTITY kcontrol "<application>KControl</application>">
576
<!ENTITY kcron "<application>KCron</application>">
577
<!ENTITY kdat "<application>KDat</application>">
578
<!ENTITY kdebugdialog "<application>KDebugDialog</application>">
579
<!ENTITY kde-http '<ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">http://www.kde.org/</ulink>'>
580
<!ENTITY kde-ftp '<ulink url="ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/">ftp://ftp.kde.org/pub/kde/</ulink>'>
581
<!ENTITY kdepasswd "<application>kdepasswd</application>">
582
<!ENTITY kdesktop "<application>KDesktop</application>">
583
<!ENTITY kdessh "<application>kdessh</application>">
584
<!ENTITY kdesu "<application>KDE su</application>">
585
<!ENTITY kdiskfree "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
586
<!ENTITY kdict "<application>KDict</application>">
587
<!ENTITY kdm "<application>kdm</application>">
588
<!ENTITY kdvi "<application>KDVI</application>">
589
<!ENTITY kedit "<application>KEdit</application>">
590
<!ENTITY keduca "<application>KEduca</application>">
591
<!ENTITY keystone "<application>Keystone</application>">
592
<!ENTITY kfax "<application>KFax</application>">
593
<!ENTITY kfaxview "<application>Kfaxview</application>">
594
<!ENTITY kfind "<application>KFind</application>">
595
<!ENTITY kfloppy "<application>Kfloppy</application>">
596
<!ENTITY kformula "<application>KFormula</application>">
597
<!ENTITY kfouleggs "<application>KFoulEggs</application>">
598
<!ENTITY kfract "<application>KFract</application>">
599
<!ENTITY khangman "<application>KHangMan</application>">
600
<!ENTITY kgeo "<application>KGeo</application>">
601
<!ENTITY kghostview "<application>KGhostView</application>">
602
<!ENTITY khelpcenter "<application>KHelpCenter</application>">
603
<!ENTITY khexedit "<application>KHexEdit</application>">
604
<!ENTITY kicker "<application>Kicker</application>">
605
<!ENTITY kiconedit "<application>KIconEdit</application>">
606
<!ENTITY kikbd "<application>kikbd</application>">
607
<!ENTITY kit "<application>Kit</application>">
608
<!ENTITY kiten "<application>Kiten</application>">
609
<!ENTITY kivio "<application>Kivio</application>">
610
<!ENTITY kjots "<application>KJots</application>">
611
<!ENTITY kjumpingcube "<application>KJumpingCube</application>">
612
<!ENTITY klaptop "<application>KLaptop</application>">
613
<!ENTITY klatin "<application>KLatin</application>">
614
<!ENTITY klettres "<application>KLettres</application>">
615
<!ENTITY kolorlines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
616
<!ENTITY klipper "<application>Klipper</application>">
617
<!ENTITY kljettool "<application>KLjettool</application>">
618
<!ENTITY klpq "<application>Klpq</application>">
619
<!ENTITY klprfax "<application>Klprfax</application>">
620
<!ENTITY kmahjongg "<application>KMahjongg</application>">
621
<!ENTITY kmail "<application>KMail</application>">
622
<!ENTITY kmathtool "<application>KMathTool</application>">
623
<!ENTITY kmenuedit "<application>kmenuedit</application>">
624
<!ENTITY kmessedwords "<application>KMessedWords</application>">
625
<!ENTITY kmid "<application>KMid</application>">
626
<!ENTITY kmidi "<application>KMidi</application>">
627
<!ENTITY kmines "<application>KMines</application>">
628
<!ENTITY kmix "<application>KMix</application>">
629
<!ENTITY kmplot "<application>KmPlot</application>">
630
<!ENTITY knewsticker "<application>KNewsTicker</application>">
631
<!ENTITY knode "<application>KNode</application>">
632
<!ENTITY knotes "<application>KNotes</application>">
633
<!ENTITY knorskverbs "<application>KNorskVerbs</application>">
634
<!ENTITY kodometer "<application>KOdometer</application>">
635
<!ENTITY koffice "<application>KOffice</application>">
636
<!ENTITY kolf "<application>Kolf</application>">
637
<!ENTITY kompare "<application>Kompare</application>">
638
<!ENTITY koncd "<application>KOnCD</application>">
639
<!ENTITY konqueror "<application>Konqueror</application>">
640
<!ENTITY konquest "<application>Konquest</application>">
641
<!ENTITY konsole "<application>Konsole</application>">
642
<!ENTITY kontour "<application>Kontour</application>">
643
<!ENTITY kooka "<application>Kooka</application>">
644
<!ENTITY korganizer "<application>KOrganizer</application>">
645
<!ENTITY korn "<application>KOrn</application>">
646
<!ENTITY koshell "<application>KOShell</application>">
647
<!ENTITY kotalkd "<application>KOTalkd</application>">
648
<!ENTITY kpackage "<application>KPackage</application>">
649
<!ENTITY kpager "<application>KPager</application>">
650
<!ENTITY kpaint "<application>KPaint</application>">
651
<!ENTITY kpanel "<application>KPanel</application>">
652
<!ENTITY kpatience "<application>KPatience</application>">
653
<!ENTITY kpercentage "<application>KPercentage</application>">
654
<!ENTITY kpilot "<application>KPilot</application>">
655
<!ENTITY kpf "<application>kpf</application>">
656
<!ENTITY kpm "<application>Kpm</application>">
657
<!ENTITY kpresenter "<application>KPresenter</application>">
658
<!ENTITY kpoker "<application>KPoker</application>">
659
<!ENTITY kpovmodeler "<application>KPovModeler</application>">
660
<!ENTITY kppp "<application>KPPP</application>">
661
<!ENTITY kreatecd "<application>KreateCD</application>">
662
<!ENTITY krec "<application>KRec</application>">
663
<!ENTITY kregexpeditor "<application>KRegExpEditor</application>">
664
<!ENTITY kreversi "<application>KReversi</application>">
665
<!ENTITY krita "<application>Krita</application>">
666
<!ENTITY kruler "<application>KRuler</application>">
667
<!ENTITY ksame "<application>KSame</application>">
668
<!ENTITY kscd "<application>KsCD</application>">
669
<!ENTITY kscore "<application>KScore</application>">
670
<!ENTITY kscreensaver "<application>KScreensaver</application>">
671
<!ENTITY ksgmltools "<application>ksgmltools</application>">
672
<!ENTITY kshisen "<application>KShisen</application>">
673
<!ENTITY ksim "<application>KSim</application>">
674
<!ENTITY ksirc "<application>KSirc</application>">
675
<!ENTITY ksirtet "<application>KSirtet</application>">
676
<!ENTITY ksmiletris "<application>KSmiletris</application>">
677
<!ENTITY ksnake "<application>KSnake</application>">
678
<!ENTITY ksnapshot "<application>KSnapshot</application>">
679
<!ENTITY ksokoban "<application>KSokoban</application>">
680
<!ENTITY kspaceduel "<application>KSpaceDuel</application>">
681
<!ENTITY kspell "<application>KSpell</application>">
682
<!ENTITY kspread "<application>KSpread</application>">
683
<!ENTITY kstars "<application>KStars</application>">
684
<!ENTITY kstart "<application>kstart</application>">
685
<!ENTITY ksysctrl "<application>KSysctrl</application>">
686
<!ENTITY ksysguard "<application>KSysguard</application>">
687
<!ENTITY ksysv "<application>KSysV</application>">
688
<!ENTITY ktalk "<application>KTalk</application>">
689
<!ENTITY ktalkd "<application>KTalkd</application>">
690
<!ENTITY kteatime "<application>KTeaTime</application>">
691
<!ENTITY kthesaurus "<application>KThesaurus</application>">
692
<!ENTITY ktimemon "<application>KTimemon</application>">
693
<!ENTITY ktimer "<application>KTimer</application>">
694
<!ENTITY ktip "<application>KTip</application>">
695
<!ENTITY ktouch "<application>KTouch</application>">
696
<!ENTITY ktron "<application>KTron</application>">
697
<!ENTITY ktuberling "<application>KTuberling</application>">
698
<!ENTITY kugar "<application>Kugar</application>">
699
<!ENTITY kuickshow "<application>KuickShow</application>">
700
<!ENTITY kuser "<application>KUser</application>">
701
<!ENTITY kview "<application>KView</application>">
702
<!ENTITY kviewshell "<application>KViewshell</application>">
703
<!ENTITY kvoctrain "<application>KVocTrain</application>">
704
<!ENTITY kworldclock "<application>KWorldClock</application>">
705
<!ENTITY kword "<application>KWord</application>">
706
<!ENTITY kwin "<application>KWin</application>">
707
<!ENTITY k4wins "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
708
<!ENTITY kwrite "<application>KWrite</application>">
709
<!ENTITY kwuftpd "<application>kwuftpd</application>">
710
<!ENTITY LaserJet '<trademark class="registered">LaserJet</trademark>'>
711
<!ENTITY lisa "<application>Lisa</application>">
712
<!ENTITY Linux '<trademark class="registered">Linux</trademark>'>
713
<!ENTITY Linux-Mandrake "<trademark>Linux-Mandrake</trademark>">
714
<!ENTITY LinuxPPC "<trademark>LinuxPPC</trademark>">
715
<!ENTITY lskat "<application>Lskat</application>">
716
<!ENTITY LZW "<acronym>LZW</acronym>">
717
<!ENTITY Mac '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark>'>
718
<!ENTITY MacOS '<trademark class="registered">Mac</trademark> <acronym>OS</acronym>'>
719
<!ENTITY Mandrake "<trademark>Mandrake</trademark>">
720
<!ENTITY megami "<application>Megami</application>">
721
<!ENTITY Microsoft '<trademark class="registered">Microsoft</trademark>'>
722
<!ENTITY MIDI "<acronym>MIDI</acronym>">
723
<!ENTITY MIME "<acronym>MIME</acronym>">
724
<!ENTITY moonphase "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
725
<!ENTITY Motif '<trademark class="registered">Motif</trademark>'>
726
<!ENTITY MRU "<acronym>MRU</acronym>">
727
<!ENTITY MTU "<acronym>MTU</acronym>">
728
<!ENTITY MusiXTeX "<application>MusiXTeX</application>">
729
<!ENTITY Netscape '<trademark class="registered">Netscape</trademark>'>
730
<!ENTITY NeXTSTEP "<trademark>NeXTSTEP</trademark>">
731
<!ENTITY noatun "<application>Noatun</application>">
732
<!ENTITY PalmOS '<trademark class="registered">Palm OS</trademark>'>
733
<!ENTITY PalmPilot "<productname><trademark>PalmPilot</trademark></productname>">
734
<!ENTITY PMX "<application>PMX</application>">
735
<!-- acronym too? --><!ENTITY PostScript '<trademark class="registered">PostScript</trademark>'>
736
<!ENTITY PPP "<acronym>PPP</acronym>">
737
<!ENTITY quanta "<application>Quanta</application>">
738
<!ENTITY quantaplus "<application>Quanta Plus</application>">
739
<!ENTITY Qt "<trademark>Qt</trademark>">
740
<!ENTITY RedHat '<trademark class="registered">Red Hat</trademark>'>
741
<!ENTITY reslisa "<application>ResLisa</application>">
742
<!ENTITY Sendmail '<application><trademark class="registered">sendmail</trademark></application>'>
743
<!ENTITY SMTP "<acronym>SMTP</acronym>">
744
<!ENTITY SGI "<trademark>SGI</trademark>">
745
<!ENTITY Solaris "<trademark>Solaris</trademark>">
746
<!ENTITY SuSE '<acronym><trademark class="registered">SuSE</trademark></acronym>'>
747
<!ENTITY ThreeCom '<trademark class="registered">3Com</trademark>'>
748
<!ENTITY tkmidi "<application>tkmidi</application>">
749
<!ENTITY TrueType '<trademark class="registered">TrueType</trademark>'>
750
<!ENTITY UNIX '<trademark class="registered">UNIX</trademark>'>
751
<!ENTITY URL "<acronym>URL</acronym>">
752
<!ENTITY URI "<acronym>URI</acronym>">
753
<!ENTITY Visor "<trademark>Visor</trademark>">
754
<!ENTITY windowmaker "<application>Window Maker</application>">
755
<!ENTITY Windows '<trademark class="registered">Windows</trademark>'>
756
<!ENTITY WordNet '<trademark class="registered">WordNet</trademark>'>
757
<!ENTITY Wordperfect '<application><trademark class="registered">WordPerfect</trademark></application>'>
758
<!ENTITY X-Server "<application>X-Server</application>">
759
<!ENTITY XEmacs "<application>XEmacs</application>">
760
<!ENTITY X-Window '<trademark class="registered">X Window System</trademark>'>
761
<!ENTITY XHTML "<trademark>XHTML</trademark>">
762
<!ENTITY XML "<trademark>XML</trademark>">
763
<!ENTITY XSL "<trademark>XSL</trademark>">
764
<!-- Defaults, do NOT add anything to this without checking with the docbook
765
team. --><!ENTITY package "This application isn't part of a KDE package">
766
<!-- Obsolete entities --><!-- Put them here; they will be removed at some stage --><!ENTITY artsbuilder "<application>aRts-builder</application>">
767
<!ENTITY kdf "<application>KDiskFree</application>">
768
<!ENTITY klaptopdaemon "<application>KLaptop</application>">
769
<!ENTITY klines "<application>Kolor Lines</application>">
770
<!ENTITY kmoon "<application>Moon Phase</application>">
771
<!ENTITY kodo "<application>KOdometer</application>">
772
<!ENTITY kpat "<application>KPatience</application>">
773
<!ENTITY kwin4 "<application>K Four Wins</application>">
774
<!ENTITY % xinclude SYSTEM "../../../libs/xinclude.mod">
775
<!ELEMENT xi:include (xi:fallback)?>
776
<!ATTLIST xi:include xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
777
<!ATTLIST xi:include href CDATA #REQUIRED>
778
<!ATTLIST xi:include parse (xml | text) "xml">
779
<!ATTLIST xi:include xpointer CDATA #IMPLIED>
780
<!ATTLIST xi:include encoding CDATA #IMPLIED>
781
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept CDATA #IMPLIED>
782
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-charset CDATA #IMPLIED>
783
<!ATTLIST xi:include accept-language CDATA #IMPLIED>
784
<!ELEMENT xi:fallback ANY>
785
<!ATTLIST xi:fallback xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
786
<!ENTITY % local.preface.class "| xi:include">
787
<!ENTITY % local.part.class "| xi:include">
788
<!ENTITY % local.chapter.class "| xi:include">
789
<!ENTITY % local.divcomponent.mix "| xi:include">
790
<!ENTITY % local.para.char.mix "| xi:include">
791
<!ENTITY % local.info.class "| xi:include">
792
<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude'">
793
<!ENTITY language "en">
795
<article id="network" status="complete" lang="ro">
798
<title>Rețelistică</title>
801
<title>Autori și Licență</title>
802
<para>Acest document este întreținut de către echipa de documentație Ubuntu (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). Pentru o listă a colaboratorilor consultați pagina <ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/contributors.html">colaboratori</ulink>.</para>
803
<para>Acest document este disponibil sub termenii licenței Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 License (CC-BY-SA).</para>
804
<para>Aveți libertatea de a modifica, extinde și îmbunătăţi codul sursă al documentației Ubuntu respectând termenii acestei licențe. Orice lucrare derivată din acestă documentație trebuie să se supună termenilor acestei licențe.</para>
805
<para>Această documentație este difuzată în speranța că va fi utilă, dar FĂRĂ NICI O GARANŢIE; nici chiar garanția implicită de COMERCIALIZARE sau ADAPTARE PENTRU UN ANUMIT SCOP, CONFORM DESCRIERII DIN DECLARAȚIA DE NEASUMARE A RESPONSABILITĂȚII.</para>
806
<para>O copie a licenței este disponibilă aici:<ulink type="help" url="help:/kubuntu/ccbysa.html">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para>
809
<year>2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008</year>
810
<holder>Canonical Ltd. și membrii proiectului de documentație Ubuntu.</holder>
813
<publishername>Proiectul de documentație Ubuntu</publishername>
817
<para>Acest capitol contine informatii despre retelistica generala din Kubuntu.Subiectele parcurse includ conexiune la internet si sharing fisiere intre Windows sau MAC cu Kubuntu.</para>
821
<!-- INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING -->
822
<sect1 id="network-intro" status="complete">
823
<title>Introducerea in retelistica din Kubuntu.</title>
825
<para>Retelistica din Kubuntu acum este mai usor de folosit.Zilele petrecute la configurarea setarilor din consola aproape au disparut complet.Majoritatea utilizatorilor nu vor mai trebui sa foloseasca consola cand vor sa isi configureze setarile de retea ca sa imparta fisiere intre calculatoare sau sa se conecteze la internet.</para>
828
New in Kubuntu 8.04 is <application>KNetworkManager</application>.
829
<application>KNetworkManager</application> makes connecting and managing your
830
connections a snap. Whether you are using a wired (Ethernet) connection or a
831
wireless connection, <application>KNetworkManager</application> can monitor for
832
connects and disconnects, locates wireless access points, and manages your
833
wireless encryption (see <xref linkend="network-apps-knetworkmanager"/>).
837
Some users will want to do more than surf the Internet or read Email such as
838
sharing files between a Windows PC or a Mac. Setting up Kubuntu on a Windows
839
network is a very simple task and at most will only require very minor command
844
<title>Determining your network hardware</title>
846
If you are having issues connecting to your network or the Internet, the first
847
thing you need to do is locate the model of the network device you are using.
848
To do so, unfortunately you will have to use the command line at this time. To
849
get to the command line in Kubuntu, press
850
<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>Space</keycap></keycombo>. This will open
851
up a pop-up called <application>Katapult</application>. Enter the word
852
<userinput>konsole</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. You will
853
notice that once <application>Konsole</application> opens, you will see
854
something similar to <prompt>username@hostname:~$</prompt>. Here you will type
855
<userinput>lspci</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. Locate your
856
network hardware information, you will need this for the upcoming sections,
857
especially for wireless cards.
863
<!-- SETTINGS (IP ADDRESS, GATEWAY, NETMASK, BROADCASE, NETWORK, DNS) -->
864
<sect1 id="network-connect-settings" status="complete">
865
<title>Setari de baza pentru reţea</title>
868
A majority of connection settings can be changed from within the
869
<guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel> section of System Settings. To access the
870
Network Settings, go to
872
<guimenu>KMenu</guimenu>
873
<guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem>
875
and then select <guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel> at the lower left of the
880
No matter the connection you are using, the network settings will usually be
881
configured the same. Most users are probably familiar with Windows networking
882
and seeing terms such as <acronym>IP</acronym> address, gateway address,
883
netmask address, and <acronym>DNS</acronym> addresses. They are still the same
884
in Kubuntu however there are two extra settings that are common with Linux
885
systems, network address and broadcast address however these extra settings
886
are not necessary for basic home networking and connecting to the Internet.
890
Please select from the following to get a brief introduction to each settings.
892
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-ip"/></para></listitem>
893
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-gateway"/></para></listitem>
894
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-netmask"/></para></listitem>
895
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-dns"/></para></listitem>
896
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-settings-hostname"/></para></listitem>
900
<example id="nic-settings">
901
<title>Interfaţa pentru reţea Kubuntu</title>
903
# eth0 is set to automatically receive its address (DHCP)
907
# eth1 is setting its own address (static)
909
iface eth1 inet static
910
address 192.168.1.100
911
netmask 255.255.255.0
913
broadcast 192.168.0.255
920
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-ip" status="complete">
921
<title>Adresă <acronym>IP</acronym></title>
924
An <acronym>IP</acronym> address is a unique identifier, commonly known as the
925
computer's address, that is used in communicating between other computers on a
926
network and the Internet. There are two versions of <acronym>IP</acronym>
927
addressing, <acronym>IPv4</acronym> which is the most widely used and the
928
oldest, and <acronym>IPv6</acronym> which is newer. <acronym>IPv6</acronym>
929
was created to cure the fact the world was running out of <acronym>IP</acronym>
934
<title><acronym>IPv4</acronym> <acronym>IP</acronym> address</title>
936
<listitem><para>192.168.1.100</para></listitem>
937
<listitem><para>192.168.1.100</para></listitem>
938
<listitem><para>192.168.1.100</para></listitem>
943
<title><acronym>IPv6</acronym> <acronym>IP</acronym> address</title>
945
<listitem><para>E3D7:0000:0000:0000:51F4:9BC8:C0A8:6420</para></listitem>
946
<listitem><para>E3D7::51F4:9BC8:C0A8:6420</para></listitem>
952
<!-- GATEWAY ADDRESS -->
953
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-gateway" status="complete">
954
<title>Gateway <acronym>IP</acronym> Address</title>
957
A gateway address is also known as the default gateway. The gateway serves as
958
an access point to another network and a majority of the times would be your
959
service provider in order to gain access to the Internet. A gateway
960
<acronym>IP</acronym> address looks the same as an <acronym>IP</acronym>
967
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-netmask" status="complete">
968
<title>Mască reţea</title>
971
A netmask address, or subnet mask, is an address that allows the splitting of
972
a large network into small subnetworks.
978
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-dns" status="complete">
979
<title>Adresă <acronym>DNS</acronym><acronym>IP</acronym></title>
982
<acronym>DNS</acronym> (Domain Name System) translates domain names as well as
983
computer hostnames to <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses. This is the system that
984
will translate www.kubuntu.org into the websites actual <acronym>IP</acronym>
990
<sect2 id="network-connect-settings-hostname" status="draft">
991
<title>Host name</title>
994
The host name is the physical, unique name of your computer. A valid hostname
995
consists of <acronym>ASCII</acronym> letters "a" through
996
"z", digits "0" through "9", and the hyphen (-).
997
It can consist of any combination of the previous allowed characters.
1003
<!-- NETWORK-CONNECTING -->
1004
<sect1 id="network-connecting" status="complete">
1005
<title>Establishing a connection</title>
1008
Establishing a connection depends on various things. Are you connecting
1009
directly to the Internet utilizing a modem whether it be a
1010
<acronym>DSL</acronym> modem or a dial-up modem? Do you have broadband access
1011
and have a router or a system providing Internet sharing? Are you using Ethernet
1012
or wireless network connection? <acronym>DHCP</acronym> or static? These are
1013
just a few of the variables that need to be researched and understood prior to
1014
moving on and possibly causing more problems now or later on.
1018
There are multiple ways of connecting to a network or the Internet however only
1019
three main topics will be covered.
1021
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-eth"/></para></listitem>
1022
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-wifi"/></para></listitem>
1023
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-connect-modems"/></para></listitem>
1029
<acronym>DSL</acronym> (Digital Subscriber Line) is a form of broadband Internet
1030
service that has a modem that connects to the service providers network. Some
1031
users will either connect directly to that modem or may have a router connected
1032
to it in order to share the connection.
1038
<acronym>DHCP</acronym> (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is
1039
a networking protocol that allows your system to obtain an
1040
<acronym>IP</acronym> (Internet Protocol) address, gateway address, netmask, as
1041
well as <acronym>DNS</acronym> (Domain Name System) addresses. Using DHCP
1042
is setup by default for each network interface installed into the system.
1043
This makes connecting easier and seamless in most situations. Please <xref linkend="network-connect-settings"/>.
1049
<sect1 id="network-connect-eth" status="complete">
1050
<title>Ethernet</title>
1053
Ethernet adapters are the most common types of networking interfaces in use
1054
today. Ethernet is physically connected with a cable to either your broadband
1055
modem, router or switch, or another <acronym>PC</acronym>. The most common type
1056
of cable in use is know as Category-5 (<acronym>CAT</acronym>-5). It looks
1057
similar to the typical telephone cable, but instead of four wires inside the
1058
cable there are eight. For an example of what a <acronym>CAT</acronym>-5 cable
1059
looks like, please review <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat-5"/>.
1063
A majority of users who are using this form of Ethernet for a connection are
1064
not going to run into any problems. If you do in fact run into an issue
1065
connecting with this type of connection, the following could potentially assist
1066
you in fixing your issue.
1069
<sect2 id="network-connect-eth-gui" status="complete">
1070
<title>GUI based troubleshooting and settings</title>
1076
<guimenu>KMenu</guimenu>
1077
<guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem>
1078
<guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel>
1083
From within the <guilabel>Network Connection</guilabel> window there is a tab
1084
named <guilabel>Network Interfaces</guilabel>. Hopefully you will see your
1085
adapter labeled something like <guilabel>eth0</guilabel>. If there is an issue
1086
with the card or the settings, usually the system will automatically disable
1087
the card. If the card is disabled, you will see <guilabel>X Disabled</guilabel>
1088
under the <guilabel>State</guilabel> column. To enable the device, simply press
1089
the <guibutton>Administrator Mode...</guibutton> at the bottom of the window.
1090
This will open a password dialog in which you enter your username's password.
1091
Once you have entered this mode, simply press the <guibutton>Enable
1092
Interface</guibutton> button. If there are issues enabling the device, you will
1093
be notified with an error. To see the settings of this device, press the
1094
<guibutton>Configure Interface...</guibutton> button. The window that opens
1095
will allow you to manually configure your network settings to match your
1103
<sect2 id="network-connect-eth-cli" status="complete">
1104
<title>Command line based troubleshooting and settings</title>
1110
<guimenu>KMenu</guimenu>
1111
<guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu>
1112
<guimenuitem>Konsole (Terminal Program)</guimenuitem>
1117
The main file that the user will be working with is
1118
<filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>. A typical default
1119
<filename>interfaces</filename> file will look similar to the following:
1121
<example id="etc-net-interface">
1122
<title><filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename></title>
1125
iface lo inet loopback
1128
iface eth0 inet dhcp
1131
iface eth1 inet dhcp
1134
<note><title>KNetworkManager Warning</title>
1136
If you are planning on using <application>KNetworkManager</application> it is
1137
advised that you <emphasis role="bold">DO NOT</emphasis> edit
1138
<filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> unless it is necessary to get your
1139
network connection working. If you do manually edit your
1140
<filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> then
1141
<application>KNetworkManager</application> will not work.
1152
<sect1 id="network-connect-wifi" status="complete">
1156
Wireless networking has gotten better with Kubuntu 8.04, however there
1157
are still problems for users who do not have a card supported natively.
1158
If you have not purchased a wireless card yet, please take a look at the
1159
supported hardware at
1160
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported"/>.
1163
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-howdoi" status="complete">
1164
<title>How do I...</title>
1169
<term>...figure out if my wireless card works?</term>
1172
If your wireless card has been detected,
1173
<application>KNetworkManager</application> will have a menu entry listing your
1174
wireless device. You can attempt to connect to your wireless network by
1175
clicking on the System Tray icon and selecting your wireless network. If you
1176
are able to browse the network with the a web browser, you have successfully
1177
connected to the internet.
1183
<term>...configure encryptions such as <acronym>WEP</acronym> or
1184
<acronym>WPA</acronym></term>
1187
With <application>KNetworkManager</application> you simple click the
1188
application icon in the system tray and select the wireless network you want to
1189
connect to. When you click on a network that has encryption enabled, you will
1190
get a pop-up dialog to enter this information. Once entered, this information is
1191
stored within the <application>KWallet</application> utility. This allows you
1192
to connect to that network in the future just by entering your
1193
<application>KWallet</application> password.
1199
<term>...check if I have a Internet connection?</term>
1202
Open up <application>Konqueror</application>, and try to browse to
1203
<ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com"/>. If this worked, you have a fully working
1204
internet connection.
1207
If the above did not work, open up <application>Konsole</application>
1208
(<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) and type <userinput>ping gateway_ip_address</userinput>
1209
(substitude gateway_ip_address by the ip address of your gateway. This
1210
address is usually 192.168.1.1, but may vary depending on the nature of
1211
your network). If you are able to ping your gateway, then the DNS on your
1212
computer is not working correctly. If you are not able to ping the gateway,
1213
then you do not have a proper internet connection.
1219
<term>...figure out which wireless card my system uses?</term>
1222
<application>KInfoCenter</application>: (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>KInfoCenter - Info Center</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) A KDE utility that
1223
provides information about your computer system. Once
1224
<application>KInfoCenter</application> is opened, select
1225
<guilabel>PCI</guilabel> from the left hand window. This will display all of the
1226
<acronym>PCI</acronym> information about your system. Scroll down until you see
1227
<guilabel>Network controller:</guilabel>. This will provide information about
1228
your wireless adapter.
1232
<emphasis role="bold">Command line</emphasis>: (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) This will
1233
open up <application>Konsole</application> providing you with a terminal or the
1234
command line. Once you are sitting at the command prompt simply type
1235
<userinput>lspci</userinput> and press the <keycap>Enter</keycap> key. Locate
1236
the <guilabel>Network controller:</guilabel> line as this will provide
1237
information about your wireless adapter.
1243
<term>...get help with my wireless connection?</term>
1246
It is recommended that you use another
1247
connection source to the Internet and read through the many topics for wireless
1248
connections. The following are just a couple locations to review.
1253
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs"/>
1258
<ulink url="http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=136"/>
1266
<term>...get my Broadcom wireless adapter to work?</term>
1269
Since kernel version 2.6.17, support for Broadcom wireless devices were
1270
included. This means that there are some Broadcom devices that work out of the
1271
box, however there are still many that don't. If your Broadcom wireless device
1272
isn't working then you have two choices;
1273
<application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> or
1274
<application>NdisWrapper</application>.
1278
<application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility there are only a select few
1279
devices that actually work. To see the devices that are currently supported
1280
please review <ulink url="http://bcm43xx.berlios.de/?go=devices"/>. If your
1281
device is not supported then it is advised that you use the
1282
<application>NdisWrapper</application> utility. For information on configuring
1283
your device with the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility please
1284
see <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-bcm43xx"/> and for configuring your
1285
device with <application>NdisWrapper</application> utility please see <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper"/>.
1292
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper" status="complete">
1293
<title>NdisWrapper</title>
1296
<title>Command Line Intensive</title>
1298
Configuration of <application>NdisWrapper</application> is command line
1299
intensive. There are currently no graphical clients to aide in this
1300
configuration. Even though it is command line oriented, the instructions are
1306
<title>Hardware Platforms</title>
1308
This method is only supported for users of the Intel and AMD platforms. Users
1309
of older iBooks and Powerbooks cannot use this method. However, users of
1310
MacBooks (Intel based) should be able to use this method.
1315
<application>NdisWrapper</application> is considered the wireless fix-all for
1316
Linux. A great percentage of wireless adapters that are not supported natively
1317
or with other utilities are supported with
1318
<application>NdisWrapper</application>. Install
1319
<application>ndiswrapper</application> by using
1320
<application>Adept</application>. If you are uncomfortable with installation
1321
practices then it is advised that you review the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.
1325
Once you have installed <application>NdisWrapper</application>,
1326
locate the Windows drivers either on a <acronym>CD</acronym> or the
1327
Internet. Drivers for Windows XP are preferred, however Windows 2000 drivers
1328
will usually work just as well. Once you have located the CD or the drivers on
1329
the Internet, copy them to a local folder on your system. In
1330
some instances, you may have your drivers in a <filename>driver.zip</filename>
1331
or a <filename>driver.exe</filename> file. If it the file is in a
1332
<filename>.zip</filename> format, unzip the file by either
1333
<mousebutton>right</mousebutton> clicking on the file and selecting
1334
<guilabel>Extract</guilabel> from the pop-up menu. If the file is in a
1335
<filename>.exe</filename> format, then install the
1336
<application>cabextract</application> utility and open up
1337
<application>Konsole</application> to navigate the correct directory. Once you
1338
have navigated to the directory storing the <filename>.exe</filename> file,
1339
type <userinput>cabextract filename.exe</userinput>. This will extract or
1340
unzip the file to the directory you are in. The driver will be in the
1341
<filename>.inf</filename> format, so what you will want to do is type
1342
<userinput>sudo ndiswrapper -i filename.inf</userinput> and press
1343
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. If successful you shouldn't receive any errors. This
1344
command has gone ahead and loaded or installed the drivers in the
1345
<application>NdisWrapper</application> module. To see if these drivers worked,
1346
simply type <userinput>sudo modprobe ndiswrapper</userinput> and press
1347
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. Test to see if you have a network and/or Internet
1352
If everything went well then the final step would be to load the
1353
<application>NdisWrapper</application> module by default. To do this simple
1354
type <userinput>sudo sh -c "echo ndiswrapper >> /etc/modules"</userinput> and
1355
press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will automatically start
1356
<application>NdisWrapper</application> at boot time.
1360
If everything didn't go so well, the issue may not be with
1361
<application>NdisWrapper</application> but possibly with
1362
<application>KNetworkManager</application>. To see if in fact that
1363
<application>KNetworkManager</application> was at fault, simply click the system
1364
tray icon and select <guilabel>Quit</guilabel>. Once
1365
<application>KNetworkManager</application> has closed, go back to the command
1366
line and type <userinput>sudo modprobe -r ndiswrapper && sudo modprobe
1367
ndiswrapper</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will unload
1368
<application>NdisWrapper</application> and then reload it. After you have
1369
reloaded it, test your network and/or Internet connection again.
1374
<sect2 id="network-connect-wifi-bcm43xx" status="complete">
1375
<title>Broadcom</title>
1378
Since the 6.10 (Edgy Eft) release, the kernel has included driver support for
1379
some Broadcom cards utilizing the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application>
1380
utility. Currently there are not that many supported cards, however development
1381
continues. To see if your card is supported please review the list at <ulink url="http://bcm43xx.berlios.de/?go=devices"/>. If your card is not included in
1382
the list, then refer to <xref linkend="network-connect-wifi-ndiswrapper"/>.
1386
To get started, the first thing you will need to do is install the
1387
<application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility. For more information on
1388
installing extra applications, please refer to the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> section.
1392
Once you have <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> installed you can
1393
read through a list of links to various drivers for your Broadcom device. To do
1394
this open up <application>Konsole</application> (<menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) and type at the
1395
prompt <userinput>zless /usr/share/doc/bcm43xx-fwcutter/README.gz</userinput>
1396
and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. You have the choice of picking a driver from
1397
that list, driver CD, or manufacturer's website. The file you are interested in
1398
using is the <filename>bcwl5.sys</filename> file. If you have the drivers in a
1399
<filename>.zip</filename> format, unzip the files to a local directory. If the
1400
drivers are in a <filename>.exe</filename> format, you will need to install
1401
<application>Cabextract</application>. With
1402
<application>Cabextract</application>, at the command line locate the directory
1403
where you downloaded or copied the file to. Once there type at the prompt
1404
<userinput>cabextract filename.exe</userinput> and press
1405
<keycap>Enter</keycap>. This will extract the file into the directory you are
1410
Now that you have the driver files extracted, navigate with
1411
<application>Konsole</application> to the directory with the driver files. Next
1412
you will use the <application>bcm43xx-fwcutter</application> utility to install
1413
the drivers. To do so, at the prompt type <userinput>sudo bcm43xx-fwcutter -w
1414
/lib/firmware/$(uname -r) bcwl5.sys</userinput>. You may receive a couple of
1415
warnings which are nothing to worry about. If it didn't work, it will provide
1416
an error that states either driver isn't supported or the driver is to old. If
1417
this is the case, you would repeat this step using one of the drivers from the
1418
list in the <filename>README.gz</filename> file shown above. If you continue to
1419
have issues, connect to the Internet with another source and review the
1422
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://bcm43xx.spugna.org/"/></para></listitem>
1423
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=136"/></para></listitem>
1425
If you continue to have issues with loading the drivers, then you may need to
1426
use the <application>NdisWrapper</application> utility.
1430
Now if you went through the driver installation without any major errors or
1431
issues, the next step would be to load the new module you created in the
1432
previous step. At the command line type <userinput>sudo modprobe
1433
bcm43xx</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. To see if the module
1434
loaded and is working, at the prompt type <userinput>iwconfig</userinput> and
1435
press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. If it works it should return the name of the
1436
interface as <acronym>ethX</acronym> where X is the number of the device. In
1437
most cases it may be <acronym>eth1</acronym> if you have a
1438
<acronym>CAT-5</acronym> Ethernet device already installed and configured. Also
1439
to test and see if your device can scan, at the command prompt type
1440
<userinput>sudo iwlist ethX scan</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1441
Don't worry if it reports <emphasis>no networks found</emphasis> as your
1442
connection may still be working. Test and see if you can connect to your
1443
network and the Internet. If everything has worked then you will want to add
1444
the module so it will load at boot. To do so, at the command prompt type
1445
<userinput>sudo sh -c "echo bcm43xx >> /etc/modules"</userinput> and press
1446
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1454
<sect1 id="network-connect-modems" status="complete">
1455
<title>MODEMS</title>
1457
<sect2 id="modems-adsl" status="complete">
1462
Please refer to <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ADSLPPPoE"/> for
1463
further information if you run into issues with the following procedures.
1467
<sect3 id="pppoe-adsl" status="complete">
1468
<title>PPPoE ADSL Modem Installation</title>
1473
Open <application>Konsole</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1479
At the command prompt type <userinput>sudo pppoeconf</userinput> and press
1480
<keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1486
A text-based menu program will guide you through the next steps, which are:
1491
Confirm that your Ethernet card is detected.
1496
Enter your username provided by your <acronym>ISP</acronym>.
1501
Enter your password provided by your <acronym>ISP</acronym>.
1506
If you already have a <acronym>PPPoE</acronym> connection configured, you will
1507
be asked if it may be modified.
1512
When asked if you want the <option>noauth</option> and the
1513
<option>defaultroute</option> options and want to remove the
1514
<option>nodetach</option> option, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.
1519
When asked if you want to use <option>peer DNS</option>, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.
1524
When asked if you want the <option>Limited MSS</option>, choose <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis>.
1529
When asked if you want to connect at start up, select <emphasis role="bold">Yes</emphasis> to enable a start up connection, or <emphasis role="bold">No</emphasis> to manually connect.
1534
When asked if you want to connect immediately, select the appropriate response.
1542
To start your <acronym>ADSL</acronym> connection on demand type <userinput>pon
1543
dsl-provider</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1549
To stop your <acronym>ADSL</acronym> connection type <userinput>poff
1550
dsl-provider</userinput> and press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1557
<sect3 id="usb-adsl" status="complete">
1558
<title>USB ADSL Modem Installation</title>
1561
Due to similar issues of that with a Winmodem, installation and configuration
1562
of a <acronym>USB</acronym> <acronym>ADSL</acronym> modem may require lengthy
1563
procedures depending on the type of modem. For further installation
1564
information, pleas refer to <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UsbAdslModem"/>. You will of course need
1565
another means of connection in order to review this documentation.
1571
<sect2 id="modems-dialup" status="complete">
1572
<title>Dial-Up</title>
1575
Many people still access the Internet via a dial-up modem today. There are two
1576
basic types of dial-up modems in use.
1578
<varlistentry><term>Software Modems</term>
1581
Software modems, also known as Winmodems, are the type that are usually built
1582
into the system itself whether it is a desktop or a laptop. These modems are
1583
usually connected to a <acronym>PCI</acronym> port inside of the computer or a
1584
<acronym>USB</acronym> port outside of the computer. There are still quite a
1585
few of these types of modems that are not supported by Linux due to the type of
1586
binary driver or firmware they use. Winmodems supported in Linux are also known
1592
<varlistentry><term>Hardware Modems</term>
1595
Hardware modems, or true modems, are usually connected to the serial port
1596
outside of the computer and process the raw modem commands unlike a Winmodem.
1597
These types of modems have become rare of late however they still stand as the
1598
most supported type of modem for Linux as they typically do not need a special
1607
The following sections will provide information on installation and
1608
configuration of your modem. The last section will provide configuration
1609
information on configuring a dial-up connection (see <xref linkend="dialup-config"/>).
1612
<sect3 id="winmodem" status="complete">
1613
<title>Winmodem Installation</title>
1616
Unfortunately due to the many different types of chipsets and the work involved
1617
in getting a Winmodem installed and functioning would be difficult to document
1618
in this one location. However, there are already documents out there to help
1619
you in your success at getting your Winmodem to work with Kubuntu. Not every
1620
Winmodem is guaranteed to work, but there are utilities out there to aide you
1621
in getting a supported Winmodem to work. The following links will hopefully
1622
provide the information needed to get your Winmodem working.
1628
<ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/"/> - This site is the main informational
1629
point for getting Winmodems, or Linmodems as they are also known as, installed
1630
and working in Linux.
1636
<ulink url="http://132.68.73.235/linmodems/index.html#scanmodem"/> - This site
1637
provides useful information on the <application>scanModem</application>
1638
utility. This is the utility that will not only detect your Winmodem, but it
1639
will also provide information on the type of support for your device.
1645
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/ScanModem"/> -
1646
Ubuntu community documentation on utilizing the
1647
<application>scanModem</application> utility within Ubuntu and Kubuntu.
1653
<ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto"/> - Ubuntu
1654
community documentation on general dial-up modem information. A good starting
1655
point for Ubuntu and Kubuntu systems alike.
1661
<ulink url="http://start.at/modem"/> - Winmodems are not modems website that
1662
contains a very broad database of Winmodem support. Use this to further verify
1663
support for your modem, or research the list first before trying to install a
1664
device that may not be supported.
1671
<sect3 id="hardware-modem" status="complete">
1672
<title>Hardware Modem Installation</title>
1675
Unlike software modems, or Winmodems, hardware modems do not need special
1676
software drivers. If your modem connects to your <acronym>PC</acronym> via the
1677
serial port, then you are in fact using a hardware modem. In order to configure
1678
your modem, you need to know which <acronym>COM</acronym> port, or serial port,
1679
you are using. The typical structure for <acronym>COM</acronym> devices is
1680
<filename>/dev/ttySx</filename>, where x is one less than the
1681
<acronym>COM</acronym> port number. For instance, if you plug your modem into
1682
<acronym>COM</acronym> port 1, then you would use the
1683
<filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> device. Port 2 would be
1684
<filename>/dev/ttyS1</filename> and so on.
1689
<sect3 id="dialup-config" status="complete">
1690
<title>Dial-up Internet configuration</title>
1693
There are a few ways in order for you to get your dial-up connection working
1697
<sect4 id="kppp" status="complete">
1698
<title>Using KPPP</title>
1701
<application>KPPP</application> - The dialer and front end for
1702
<application>pppd</application> which allows for interactive script generation
1703
and network setup. This is the preferred application in Kubuntu for dial-up
1704
modems. For more information on setting up <application>KPPP</application>,
1705
please refer to <ulink type="help" url="help:/kppp">The KPPP
1711
<sect4 id="wvdial" status="complete">
1712
<title>Using WvDial</title>
1715
<application>WvDial</application> - The command line Linux application for
1716
dial-up modems. This utility has been around almost since the invention of
1717
Linux itself. The following is a quick step-by-step procedure for using
1718
<application>WvDial</application>. Note that <application>WvDial</application>
1719
use is command line intensive.
1725
Open <application>Konsole</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guisubmenu>System</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Konsole - Terminal Program</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1731
At the command prompt, type <userinput>sudo wvdialconf
1732
/etc/wvdial.conf</userinput> and then press <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1734
<note><title>ERROR</title>
1736
If you see the following error, then your modem is not supported, in use, or
1737
not properly configured.
1741
Editing `/etc/wvdial.conf'.
1743
Scanning your serial ports for a modem.
1745
Modem Port Scan<*1>: S0 S1 S2 S3
1748
Sorry, no modem was detected! Is it in use by another program?
1749
Did you configure it properly with setserial?
1751
Please read the FAQ at http://open.nit.ca/wiki/?WvDial
1753
If you still have problems, send mail to <wvdial-list@lists.nit.ca>.
1759
If you did not receive the previous error message then you can move on and
1760
finish the setup by manually editing the <filename>/etc/wvdial.conf</filename>
1761
configuration file. To do so press
1762
<keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>, type
1763
<userinput>kdesu kwrite /etc/wvdial.conf</userinput> and press the
1764
<keycap>OK</keycap> button.
1770
After opening the <filename>wvdial.conf</filename>, insert your
1771
<acronym>ISP</acronym> information where needed. Other options may be needed in
1772
order to get your Winmodem to work correctly. This information is either
1773
available on the <ulink url="http://www.linmodems.org/">Linmodems</ulink>
1774
website, or if you sent an email to their mailing-list, the information they
1775
provided to aide you in your setup. You can also type <userinput>man
1776
wvdial.conf</userinput> at the command prompt for further information.
1782
Save and close out of the <filename>/etc/wvdial.conf</filename> configuration
1789
At the command line, try to dial out by typing <userinput>sudo
1790
wvdial</userinput> and pressing <keycap>Enter</keycap>.
1798
<sect4 id="pppconfig" status="complete">
1799
<title>Using pppconfig with pon & poff</title>
1802
<application>pppconfig</application> is another command line option used to
1803
manage dial-up connections. This setup is not the easiest to configure, however
1804
it is a very flexible application. The <application>pon</application> and
1805
<application>poff</application> dial and hang-up when using the
1806
<application>pppconfig</application> utility.
1810
If you are interested in using this utility, please refer to the <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DialupModemHowto/SetUpDialer#head- 0769b0061bf81bfba710118540bd86223e815761">wiki topic for pppconfig</ulink>.
1818
<!-- SHARING BETWEEN SYSTEMS -->
1819
<sect1 id="network-sharing" status="complete">
1820
<title>Network sharing</title>
1823
Network sharing in Kubuntu, or Linux in general is easy and only requires very
1824
little configuration. Three quick choices are
1827
<term><application>Samba</application></term>
1830
Provides file and print services to all
1831
<acronym>SMB</acronym>/<acronym>CIFS</acronym> clients, including Microsoft
1832
Windows. <acronym>Samba</acronym> is the recommended way to connecting to your
1833
Microsoft shares and the easiest to setup and configure.
1839
<term><application>NFS</application></term>
1842
Network File System supports sharing of files, printers and resources over a
1843
network. <application>NFS</application> is more difficult to setup and
1844
configure however it contains extra features and added benefits to an all Linux
1851
<term><application>ZeroConf</application></term>
1854
Zero Configuration Networking is a system that automatically creates an
1855
<acronym>IP</acronym> network without configuration or servers. This type of
1856
setup allows users without the knowledge of networking to easily configure a
1864
<sect2 id="network-sharing-samba" status="complete">
1865
<title>Samba</title>
1868
If you are using a Windows network, then <application>Samba</application> may
1869
be your choice and configuration does not require use of the command line. To
1870
start simply press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap><keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>
1871
and type <userinput>kdesu kwrite /etc/samba/smb.conf</userinput> and press the
1872
<guibutton>Run</guibutton> button. This will open the
1873
<application>KWrite</application> text editor. Navigate down just below the
1874
<guilabel>Global Settings</guilabel> section to where it says
1875
<guilabel>workgroup = MSHOME</guilabel> and change out the
1876
<guilabel>MSHOME</guilabel> to match your Windows workgroup. Save the file and
1877
close <application>KWrite</application>. The next step is to install
1878
<application>Samba</application>. For more information on installation please
1879
review the section <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications">Adding
1880
Applications</ulink>.
1884
Using the icons located in the <application>Kicker</application>, the terminal
1885
looking icon (<application>System Menu</application>) to the immediate right of
1886
the <application>KMenu</application> icon will allow you to navigate to
1887
<guilabel>Remote Places</guilabel>. Once you have navigated to there, you will
1888
be able to access <guilabel>Samba Shares</guilabel>.
1892
For more information, further instructions, or advanced features of
1893
<application>Samba</application> please review <ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpSamba"/>.
1898
<sect2 id="network-sharing-nfs" status="complete">
1899
<title><acronym>NFS</acronym></title>
1902
<acronym>NFS</acronym>, or Network File System, is a file system supporting the
1903
sharing of files, printers and resources permanently over a network.
1904
<acronym>NFS</acronym> is much more advanced and difficult than
1905
<application>Samba</application>. Considering <acronym>NFS</acronym> is a very
1906
extensive protocol for file sharing, this portion of the Kubuntu System
1907
Documentation will ask you to review the following sites for further
1911
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NFSv4Howto"/></para>
1914
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SettingUpNFSHowTo"/></para>
1917
<para><ulink url="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/OnNFSDrive"/></para>
1920
<para><ulink url="http://nfs.sourceforge.net/"/></para>
1929
<sect2 id="network-sharing-zeroconf" status="complete">
1930
<title>ZeroConf Networking</title>
1933
<acronym>ZeroConf</acronym>, or Zero Configuration Networking, is a system that
1934
automatically creates an <acronym>IP</acronym> network without special
1935
configurations or servers. This type of networking and sharing is by far the
1936
most simple and is targeted to users with little or no networking knowledge.
1937
<acronym>ZeroConf</acronym> allows a user to to connect to computers, networked
1938
printers, and other shareable resources on the network without configuring
1939
network settings by hand.
1943
<title>ZeroConf Configuration</title>
1946
Open <application>System Settings</application> by going to <menuchoice><guimenu>KMenu</guimenu><guimenuitem>System
1947
Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice>.
1953
Select <guilabel>Network Settings</guilabel>.
1959
In the left hand side of the <application>Network Settings</application>
1960
dialog, select the <guilabel>Zeroconf Service Discovery</guilabel> option.
1966
If the <guilabel>Enable Zeroconf network browsing</guilabel> or the
1967
<guilabel>Browse local network</guilabel> options are not selected, please
1968
select them now and press the <guibutton>Apply</guibutton> button.
1974
<title>Accessing network shares</title>
1977
Select <guimenuitem>Remote Places</guimenuitem> from the <guibutton>System
1978
Menu</guibutton> icon located to the immediate right of the
1979
<application>KMenu</application>.
1985
To view other <acronym>ZeroConf</acronym> systems, select <guilabel>Network
1986
Services</guilabel> from the main window.
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To view all available systems on your network, select <guilabel>Samba
1993
Shares</guilabel> from the main window.
2001
<!-- NETWORK APPLICATIONS -->
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<sect1 id="network-apps" status="complete">
2003
<title>Networking Applications</title>
2006
Kubuntu has a a great deal of applications designed around networking. Whether
2007
it is network monitoring, network security, or many others, Kubuntu has a
2008
solution for you. For more information on some of the available networking
2009
applications for Kubuntu, please see:
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<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-knetworkmanager"/></para></listitem>
2012
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-wireshark"/></para></listitem>
2013
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-etherape"/></para></listitem>
2014
<listitem><para><xref linkend="network-apps-firewall"/></para></listitem>
2018
<sect2 id="network-apps-knetworkmanager" status="complete">
2019
<title>KNetworkManager</title>
2022
<application>KNetworkManager</application> is the KDE front end for
2023
<application>NetworkManager</application>. Providing a sophisticated yet
2024
intuitive user interface, <application>KNetworkManager</application> allows
2025
users to easily switch their network environment.
2026
<application>KNetworkManager</application> is installed with every Kubuntu
2027
system. The following is a brief list of the devices that
2028
<application>KNetworkManager</application> supports:
2032
Wired Ethernet (<acronym>IEEE</acronym> 802.3)
2038
Wireless Ethernet (<acronym>IEEE</acronym> 802.11): Unencrypted, WEP, WPA
2039
(Personal and Enterprise)
2045
Virtual Private Network (<acronym>VPN</acronym>):
2046
<application>OpenVPN</application>, <application>VPNC</application>
2052
Dial-Up (<acronym>PPP</acronym>)
2060
More information can be found on the <application>KNetworkManager</application>
2061
website located at <ulink url="http://en.opensuse.org/Projects/KNetworkManager"/>.
2066
<sect2 id="network-apps-wireshark" status="complete">
2067
<title>Wireshark</title>
2070
<application>Wireshark</application> is a network traffic analyzer, or
2071
"sniffer", used to capture packets off the wire while decoding
2072
numerous protocols. More information can be found on the
2073
<application>Wireshark</application> website located at <ulink url="http://www.wireshark.org/"/>.
2077
<application>Wireshark</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu.
2078
Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more
2079
information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the <ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink> document.
2083
<sect2 id="network-apps-etherape" status="complete">
2084
<title>EtherApe</title>
2087
<application>EtherApe</application> graphically displays network activities.
2088
Active hosts are shown as circles of varying size, and the traffic among them
2089
is shown as lines of varying width. <application>EtherApe</application> is a
2090
<application>GNOME</application> application and requires the
2091
<application>GNOME</application> libraries. These libraries will automatically
2092
be installed and configured for you if you decide to use
2093
<application>EtherApe</application>. More information can be found on the
2094
<application>EtherApe</application> website located at <ulink url="http://etherape.sourceforge.net"/>.
2098
<application>EtherApe</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu.
2099
Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more
2100
information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the
2101
<ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink>
2106
<sect2 id="network-apps-firewall" status="complete">
2107
<title>Guarddog</title>
2110
<application>Guarddog</application> is a firewall configuration utility for
2111
KDE. It is aimed at two groups of users:
2115
Novice to intermediate users who are not experts in <acronym>TCP/IP</acronym>
2116
networking and security
2122
Those users who don't want the hassle of dealing with cryptic shell scripts and
2123
ipchains or iptables parameters.
2127
More information can be found on the <application>Guarddog</application>
2128
website located at <ulink url="http://www.simonzone.com/software/guarddog/"/>.
2132
<application>Guarddog</application> isn't installed initially with Kubuntu.
2133
Installation is easy using <application>Adept</application>. For more
2134
information on installing extra applications with Kubuntu, please see the
2135
<ulink url="help:/kubuntu/add-applications/">Adding Applications</ulink>
added
removed
kubuntu/network/ro/network.xml
