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# Debian GNU/Linux Installation Guide
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"Project-Id-Version: d-i-manual\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2001-02-09 01:25+0100\n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: 2005-10-09 13:18+0800\n"
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"Last-Translator: Ji YongGang<jungle@soforge.com>\n"
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"Language-Team: debian-chinese-gb <debian-chinese-gb@lists.debian.org>\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#: install-methods.xml:5
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msgid "Obtaining System Installation Media"
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#: install-methods.xml:12
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msgid "Official &debian; CD-ROM Sets"
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msgstr "官方的 &debian; 光盘套装"
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#: install-methods.xml:13
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"By far the easiest way to install &debian; is from an Official Debian CD-ROM "
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"Set. You can buy a set from a vendor (see the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd-"
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"vendors;\">CD vendors page</ulink>). You may also download the CD-ROM images "
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"from a Debian mirror and make your own set, if you have a fast network "
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"connection and a CD burner (see the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd;\">Debian CD "
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"page</ulink> for detailed instructions). If you have a Debian CD set and CDs "
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"are bootable on your machine, you can skip right to <xref linkend=\"boot-"
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"installer\"/>; much effort has been expended to ensure the files most people "
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"need are there on the CD. Although a full set of binary packages requires "
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"several CDs, it is unlikely you will need packages on the third CD and "
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"above. You may also consider using the DVD version, which saves a lot of "
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"space on your shelf and you avoid the CD shuffling marathon."
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"目前安装 &debian; 最容易的方法是使用一个官方的 Debian CD 盘套件。您可以从一个"
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"销售商处购买 (参见 <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd-vendors;\">光盘销售商</"
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"ulink>)。如果您有快速的网络连接和光盘刻录机的话，也可以从 Debian 镜像站点下载"
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"光盘映像然后自行刻录光盘 (具体参见 <ulink url=\"&url-debian-cd;\">Debian CD "
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"页</ulink>)。如果您有一套 Debian 的 CD 盘套件并且能在您的机器上引导这些 CD "
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"盘，您可以直接跳至 <xref linkend=\"boot-installer\"/>。我们已经做了很多努力来"
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"确保 CD 中已经包含了大多数人所需要的文件。尽管一整套预编译的二进制软件包需要"
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"好几张 CD 盘，但是 您可能不会用到第三张 CD 盘以后的内容。您也可以可以考虑使"
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"用 DVD 版本，这将为您的书架节约很多光盘存放空间，并且您可以避免沉闷地 CD 盘切"
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#: install-methods.xml:30
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"If your machine doesn't support CD booting, but you do have a CD set, you "
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"can use an alternative strategy such as <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-"
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"boot\">floppy disk,</phrase> <phrase arch=\"s390\">tape, emulated tape,</"
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"phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">hard disk,</phrase> <phrase "
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"condition=\"bootable-usb\">usb stick,</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-"
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"tftp\">net boot,</phrase> or manually loading the kernel from the CD to "
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"initially boot the system installer. The files you need for booting by "
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"another means are also on the CD; the Debian network archive and CD folder "
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"organization are identical. So when archive file paths are given below for "
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"particular files you need for booting, look for those files in the same "
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"directories and subdirectories on your CD."
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"如果您的机器不支持 CD 盘引导，但是您有一套 CD 光盘套件，您可以使用其他的方法"
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"比如： <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-boot\">软盘、</phrase> <phrase "
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"arch=\"s390\">磁带、磁带仿真、</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">"
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"硬盘、</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-usb\">U 盘、</phrase> <phrase "
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"condition=\"supports-tftp\">网络引导，</phrase> 或者从 CD 盘中手工装载内核来"
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"初始化系统安装程序。CD 盘已经包含了通过其他方法引导所需要的文件； Debain 的网"
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"络存档和 CD 盘的文件夹组织方式是一致的。因此如果后面有给出的用于引导的特定存"
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"档文件路径时，请在 CD 盘中同样的文件目录和子目录下查找它们。"
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#: install-methods.xml:52
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"Once the installer is booted, it will be able to obtain all the other files "
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"it needs from the CD."
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msgstr "一旦安装程序被引导，它将能够获得 CD 盘中其他所有必需的文件。"
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#: install-methods.xml:57
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"If you don't have a CD set, then you will need to download the installer "
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"system files and place them on the <phrase arch=\"s390\">installation tape</"
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"phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-boot\">floppy disk or</phrase> "
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"<phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">hard disk or</phrase> <phrase condition="
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"\"bootable-usb\">usb stick or</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-tftp\">a "
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"connected computer</phrase> so they can be used to boot the installer."
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"如果您没有一套 CD 光盘套件，则您需要下载安装系统文件并且把他们放到： <phrase "
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"arch=\"s390\">安装磁带</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-floppy-boot\">软"
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"盘 或</phrase> <phrase condition=\"bootable-disk\">硬盘 或</phrase> <phrase "
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"condition=\"bootable-usb\">U 盘 或</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-tftp"
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"\">一台连网的计算机上</phrase> 然后他们可以被用来引导安装程序。"
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#: install-methods.xml:83
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msgid "Downloading Files from Debian Mirrors"
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msgstr "从 Debian 镜像服务器下载文件"
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#: install-methods.xml:85
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"To find the nearest (and thus probably the fastest) mirror, see the <ulink "
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"url=\"&url-debian-mirrors;\">list of Debian mirrors</ulink>."
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"选择离您较近的(因此很可能也是最快的)镜像服务器，请参见 <ulink url=\"&url-"
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"debian-mirrors;\">Debian 镜像列表</ulink>。"
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#: install-methods.xml:90
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"When downloading files from a Debian mirror, be sure to download the files "
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"in <emphasis>binary</emphasis> mode, not text or automatic mode."
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"当从 Debian 镜像服务器下载文件的时候，请确认下载的文件是处于<emphasis>二进制"
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"</emphasis>模式，而不是文本或者自动模式。"
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#: install-methods.xml:99
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msgid "Where to Find Installation Images"
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#: install-methods.xml:101
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"The installation images are located on each Debian mirror in the directory "
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"<ulink url=\"&url-debian-installer;/images\">debian/dists/&releasename;/main/"
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"installer-&architecture;/current/images/</ulink> — the <ulink url="
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"\"&url-debian-installer;/images/MANIFEST\">MANIFEST</ulink> lists each image "
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"安装映像位于每一个 Debian 镜像的 <ulink url=\"&url-debian-installer;/images"
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"\">debian/dists/&releasename;/main/installer-&architecture;/current/images/</"
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"ulink> — <ulink url=\"&url-debian-installer;/images/MANIFEST"
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"\">MANIFEST</ulink> 文件列出了每一个映像及其用途。"
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#: install-methods.xml:113
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msgid "Alpha Installation Files"
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#: install-methods.xml:114
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"If you choose to boot from ARC console firmware using <command>MILO</"
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"command>, you will also need to prepare a disk containing <command>MILO</"
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"command> and <command>LINLOAD.EXE</command> from the provided disk images. "
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"See <xref linkend=\"alpha-firmware\"/> for more information on Alpha "
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"firmware and boot loaders. The floppy images can be found in the "
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"<filename>MILO</filename> directory as "
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"<filename>milo_<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>.bin</filename>."
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"如果您选择通过 <command>MILO</command> 来从 ARC 控制台固件引导，就需要从所提"
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"供的磁盘映像中准备一张载有 <command>MILO</command> 和 <command>LINLOAD.EXE</"
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"command> 的磁盘。有关 Alpha 固件和启动引导器的更多信息请参见 <xref linkend="
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"\"alpha-firmware\"/> 。软盘映像可以在 <filename>MILO</filename> 目录下找到。"
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"其形式为： <filename>milo_<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>.bin</"
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#: install-methods.xml:125
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"Unfortunately, these <command>MILO</command> images could not be tested and "
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"might not work for all subarchitectures. If you find it doesn't work for "
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"you, try copying the appropriate <command>MILO</command> binary onto the "
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"floppy (<ulink url=\"&disturlftp;main/disks-alpha/current/MILO/\"></ulink>). "
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"Note that those <command>MILO</command>s don't support ext2 <quote>sparse "
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"superblocks</quote>, so you can't use them to load kernels from newly "
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"generated ext2 file systems. As a workaround, you can put your kernel onto "
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"the FAT partition next to the <command>MILO</command>."
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"抱歉的是，这些 <command>MILO</command> 映像文件未经过足够的测试，也许并不是在"
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"所有的子体系下都能正常运行。如果您发现它不能运行，请尝试将合适的 "
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"<command>MILO</command> 二进制文件拷贝到软盘中(<ulink url=\"&disturlftp;main/"
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"disks-alpha/current/MILO/\"></ulink>)。注意，这些 <command>MILO</command> 不"
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"支持 ext2 的<quote>sparse superblocks</quote>，因此您不能从新生成的 ext2 文件"
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"系统中装载内核。作为一个变通方法，您可以把内核放到 FAT 分区中，紧跟着 "
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"<command>MILO</command>。"
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#: install-methods.xml:137
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"<command>MILO</command> binaries are platform-specific. See <xref linkend="
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"\"alpha-cpus\"/> to determine the appropriate <command>MILO</command> image "
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"for your Alpha platform."
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"<command>MILO</command> 的二进制文件是依赖于具体平台的，请参见 <xref linkend="
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"\"alpha-cpus\"/> 来确认哪一个 <command>MILO</command> 映象适用于您的 Alpha 平"
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#: install-methods.xml:152
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msgid "RiscPC Installation Files"
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msgstr "RiscPC 的安装文件"
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#: install-methods.xml:153
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"The RiscPC installer is booted initially from RISC OS. All the necessary "
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"files are provided in one Zip archive, &rpc-install-kit;. Download this file "
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"onto the RISC OS machine, copy the <filename>linloader.!Boot</filename> "
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"components into place, and run <filename>!dInstall</filename>."
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"RiscPC 安装程序最初是从 RiSC OS 引导的。所有必需的文件都由一个名为 &rpc-"
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"install-kit; 的档案所提供，请将此文件下载到 RISC OS 机器中，将 "
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"<filename>linloader.!Boot</filename> 拷贝到合适的位置，然后运行 <filename>!"
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"dInstall</filename>。"
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#: install-methods.xml:165
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msgid "NetWinder Installation Files"
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msgstr "NetWinder 的安装文件"
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#: install-methods.xml:166
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"The easiest way to boot a NetWinder is over the network, using the supplied "
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"TFTP image &netwinder-boot-img;."
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"启动一台 NetWinder 最轻松的途径是使用所提供的 TFTP 映象文件 &netwinder-boot-"
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#: install-methods.xml:175
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msgid "CATS Installation Files"
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#: install-methods.xml:176
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"The only supported boot method for CATS is to use the combined image &cats-"
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"boot-img;. This can be loaded from any device accessible to the Cyclone "
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"在 CATS 上唯一被支持的引导方法是使用组合映像 &cats-boot-img;。它能从任何 "
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"Cyclone 启动引导器可以访问的设备上被装载。"
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#: install-methods.xml:221
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msgid "Choosing a Kernel"
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#: install-methods.xml:223
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"Some m68k subarchs have a choice of kernels to install. In general we "
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"recommend trying the most recent version first. If your subarch or machine "
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"needs to use a 2.2.x kernel, make sure you choose one of the images that "
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"supports 2.2.x kernels (see the <ulink url=\"&disturl;/main/installer-"
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"&architecture;/current/images/MANIFEST\">MANIFEST</ulink>)."
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"一些 m68k 子体系可以选择要安装的内核。一般来说我们推荐您首先尝试最新的版本。"
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"如果您的子体系系统或机器需要使用 2.2.x 版的内核，请确认您选择的是一个支持对应"
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"内核的映像。(请参见 <ulink url=\"&disturl;/main/installer-&architecture;/"
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"current/images/MANIFEST\">MANIFEST</ulink>)。"
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#: install-methods.xml:232
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"All of the m68k images for use with 2.2.x kernels, require the kernel "
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"parameter &ramdisksize;."
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msgstr "所有使用 2.2.x 内核的 m68k 的映像都要求使用 &ramdisksize; 内核参数。"
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#: install-methods.xml:250
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msgid "Creating an IPL tape"
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#: install-methods.xml:252
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"If you can't boot (IPL) from the CD-ROM and you are not using VM you need to "
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"create an IPL tape first. This is described in section 3.4.3 in the <ulink "
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"url=\"http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/pubs/pdfs/redbooks/sg246264.pdf\"> Linux "
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"for IBM eServer zSeries and S/390: Distributions</ulink> Redbook. The files "
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"you need to write to the tape are (in this order): <filename>kernel.debian</"
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"filename>, <filename>parmfile.debian</filename> and <filename>initrd.debian</"
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"filename>. The files can be downloaded from the <filename>tape</filename> "
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"sub-directory, see <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>,"
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"如果您不能从光盘引导(IPL)并且没有使用 VM，您首先就需要创建一个 IPL 磁带。这"
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"在 <ulink url=\"http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/pubs/pdfs/redbooks/sg246264.pdf"
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"\"> Linux for IBM eServer zSeries and S/390: Distributions</ulink> Redbook 的"
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"第 3.4.3 节中有描述。您需要写到磁带上的文件是(按以下顺序): <filename>kernel."
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"debian</filename>、<filename>parmfile.debian</filename> 和 <filename>initrd."
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"debian</filename>。这些文件可以从 <filename>tape</filename>子目录下载，请参"
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"见 <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>,"
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#: install-methods.xml:276
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msgid "Creating Floppies from Disk Images"
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#: install-methods.xml:277
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"Bootable floppy disks are generally used as a last resort to boot the "
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"installer on hardware that cannot boot from CD or by other means."
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"可启动的软盘一般被视为是在那些不能从光盘或其它方式启动的硬件上引导安装程序的"
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#: install-methods.xml:282
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msgid "Floppy disk booting reportedly fails on Mac USB floppy drives."
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msgstr "有报告说 Mac USB 软盘驱动器不支持引导软盘。"
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#: install-methods.xml:286
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msgid "Floppy disk booting is not supported on Amigas or 68k Macs."
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msgstr "Amigas 或者 68k Macs 的软盘引导方法也不被支持。"
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#: install-methods.xml:291
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"Disk images are files containing the complete contents of a floppy disk in "
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"<emphasis>raw</emphasis> form. Disk images, such as <filename>boot.img</"
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"filename>, cannot simply be copied to floppy drives. A special program is "
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"used to write the image files to floppy disk in <emphasis>raw</emphasis> "
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"mode. This is required because these images are raw representations of the "
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"disk; it is required to do a <emphasis>sector copy</emphasis> of the data "
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"from the file onto the floppy."
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"软盘映像是一些包含完整的 <emphasis>原始</emphasis> 格式软盘内容的文件。类似 "
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"<filename>boot.img</filename> 这样的软盘映像不能直接拷贝到软盘中。有一个特殊"
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"的程序可以将它们按 <emphasis>原始</emphasis> 模式写入软盘。这是一个必须的步"
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"骤，因为这些映像 文件是一些原始的磁盘保存方式。所以需要把文件的数据 "
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"<emphasis>按扇区拷贝</emphasis> 放到软盘中。"
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#: install-methods.xml:302
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"There are different techniques for creating floppies from disk images, which "
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"depend on your platform. This section describes how to create floppies from "
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"disk images on different platforms."
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"根据平台的不同，有各种不同的方法来从软盘映像创建引导软盘。这一节将描述如何在"
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#: install-methods.xml:308
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"No matter which method you use to create your floppies, you should remember "
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"to flip the write-protect tab on the floppies once you have written them, to "
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"ensure they are not damaged unintentionally."
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"无论您使用何种方法来建立引导软盘，您应该在建立以后记住打开写保护的开关，以便"
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#: install-methods.xml:316
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msgid "Writing Disk Images From a Linux or Unix System"
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msgstr "从 Linux 或者 Unix 系统写软盘映像"
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#: install-methods.xml:317
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"To write the floppy disk image files to the floppy disks, you will probably "
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"need root access to the system. Place a good, blank floppy in the floppy "
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"drive. Next, use the command <informalexample><screen>\n"
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"$ dd if=<replaceable>filename</replaceable> of=/dev/fd0 bs=1024 conv=sync ; "
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"</screen></informalexample> where <replaceable>filename</replaceable> is one "
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"of the floppy disk image files (see <xref linkend=\"downloading-files\"/> "
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"for what <replaceable>filename</replaceable> should be). <filename>/dev/fd0</"
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"filename> is a commonly used name of the floppy disk device, it may be "
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"different on your workstation <phrase arch=\"sparc\">(on Solaris, it is "
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"<filename>/dev/fd/0</filename>)</phrase>. The command may return to the "
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"prompt before Unix has finished writing the floppy disk, so look for the "
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"disk-in-use light on the floppy drive and be sure that the light is out and "
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"the disk has stopped revolving before you remove it from the drive. On some "
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"systems, you'll have to run a command to eject the floppy from the drive "
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"<phrase arch=\"sparc\">(on Solaris, use <command>eject</command>, see the "
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"manual page)</phrase>."
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"为了把软盘映像写入软盘，您可能需要系统的 root 访问权限。在软驱中放入一张优质"
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"的空白软盘，然后使用命令 <informalexample><screen>\n"
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"$ dd if=<replaceable>filename</replaceable> of=/dev/fd0 bs=1024 conv=sync ; "
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"</screen></informalexample> 其中 <replaceable>filename</replaceable> 是一个软"
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"盘映像文件(请参阅 <xref linkend=\"downloading-files\"/> 来获知应该使用哪个 "
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"<replaceable>filename</replaceable>)。<filename>/dev/fd0</filename> 是一个常"
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"见的软驱设备名。可能在您的工作站上面有所不同 <phrase arch=\"sparc\">(在 "
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"Solaris 系统上是 <filename>/dev/fd/0</filename>)</phrase>。这个命令也许在写软"
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"盘任务结束之前就会返回到命令符下。请观察软盘驱动器上面的磁盘使用灯，并且确保"
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"在您拔出软盘的时候灯已熄灭。在某些系统上，您可能需要运行一条命令来弹出软盘 "
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"<phrase arch=\"sparc\">(在 Solaris 系统中使用 <command>eject</command> 命令，"
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#: install-methods.xml:341
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"Some systems attempt to automatically mount a floppy disk when you place it "
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"in the drive. You might have to disable this feature before the workstation "
433
"will allow you to write a floppy in <emphasis>raw mode</emphasis>. "
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"Unfortunately, how to accomplish this will vary based on your operating "
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"system. <phrase arch=\"sparc\"> On Solaris, you can work around volume "
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"management to get raw access to the floppy. First, make sure that the floppy "
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"is auto-mounted (using <command>volcheck</command> or the equivalent command "
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"in the file manager). Then use a <command>dd</command> command of the form "
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"given above, just replace <filename>/dev/fd0</filename> with <filename>/vol/"
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"rdsk/<replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable></filename>, where "
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"<replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable> is the name the floppy disk was given "
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"when it was formatted (unnamed floppies default to the name "
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"<filename>unnamed_floppy</filename>). On other systems, ask your system "
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"administrator. </phrase>"
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"有些系统会在您放入软盘时自动尝试对其进行挂载。若要让工作站允许您对软盘进行 "
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"<emphasis>原始模式</emphasis> 写入操作，您可能必须关闭此功能。不幸的是，如何"
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"关闭此功能的方法 完全取决于具体的操作系统。<phrase arch=\"sparc\"> 在 "
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"Solaris 上，您可以利用卷管理来获得对软驱的原始访问权。首先，确信软盘已经被自"
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"动挂载(使用 <command>volcheck</command> 或者文件管理器中的类似命令)。然后安照"
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"上面给出的形式使用 <command>dd</command> 命令，只是把 <filename>/dev/fd0</"
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"filename> 替换成 <filename>/vol/rdsk/<replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable></"
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"filename>，这里 <replaceable>floppy_name</replaceable> 是软盘在格式化时所定的"
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"名字。(未命名的软盘默认使用 <filename>unnamed_floppy</filename>)。至于其他系"
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"统，请咨询您的系统管理员)。</phrase>"
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#: install-methods.xml:362
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"If writing a floppy on powerpc Linux, you will need to eject it. The "
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"<command>eject</command> program handles this nicely; you might need to "
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"如果想在 powerpc Linux 上写入一张软盘，您将必须弹出它。<command>eject</"
466
"command> 命令能够很好地对此进行控制，当然您可能需要先安装它。"
469
#: install-methods.xml:380
471
msgid "Writing Disk Images From DOS, Windows, or OS/2"
472
msgstr "在 DOS、Windows、或者 OS/2 下写磁盘映像"
475
#: install-methods.xml:382
478
"If you have access to an i386 machine, you can use one of the following "
479
"programs to copy images to floppies."
480
msgstr "如果您能操作一台 i386 机器，您可以使用如下方法之一往软盘拷贝映像文件。"
483
#: install-methods.xml:387
486
"The <command>rawrite1</command> and <command>rawrite2</command> programs can "
487
"be used under MS-DOS. To use these programs, first make sure that you are "
488
"booted into DOS. Trying to use these programs from within a DOS box in "
489
"Windows, or double-clicking on these programs from the Windows Explorer is "
490
"<emphasis>not</emphasis> expected to work."
492
"<command>rawrite1</command> 和 <command>rawrite2</command> 程序可在 MS-DOS 下"
493
"使用。如果想使用这些程序，首先要确定您是从 DOS 启动。在 Windows 的 DOS 窗口或"
494
"者在 文件浏览器中双击使用这些程序是 <emphasis>不能</emphasis> 运行的。"
497
#: install-methods.xml:395
500
"The <command>rwwrtwin</command> program runs on Windows 95, NT, 98, 2000, "
501
"ME, XP and probably later versions. To use it you will need to unpack diskio."
502
"dll in the same directory."
504
"<command>rwwrtwin</command> 程序可以在 Windows 95、NT、98、2000、ME、XP 甚至"
505
"可能最新的版本上运行。要使用它您需要解压 diskio.dll 至相同目录下。"
508
#: install-methods.xml:401
511
"These tools can be found on the Official Debian CD-ROMs under the <filename>/"
512
"tools</filename> directory."
514
"这些工具可以在官方 Debian 光盘中找到。他们位于 <filename>/tools</filename> 目"
518
#: install-methods.xml:414
520
msgid "Writing Disk Images on Atari Systems"
521
msgstr "在 Atari 系统上写磁盘映像"
524
#: install-methods.xml:415
527
"You'll find the &rawwrite.ttp; program in the same directory as the floppy "
528
"disk images. Start the program by double clicking on the program icon, and "
529
"type in the name of the floppy image file you want written to the floppy at "
530
"the TOS program command line dialog box."
532
"您可以在与软盘映像相同的目录下找到 &rawwrite.ttp;。双击程序图标，在 TOS 程序 "
533
"命令行输入框内键入您想写入软盘的软盘映像文件名。"
536
#: install-methods.xml:426
538
msgid "Writing Disk Images on Macintosh Systems"
539
msgstr "在 Macintosh 系统上写磁盘映像"
542
#: install-methods.xml:427
545
"There is no MacOS application to write images to floppy disks (and there "
546
"would be no point in doing this as you can't use these floppies to boot the "
547
"installation system or install kernel and modules from on Macintosh). "
548
"However, these files are needed for the installation of the operating system "
549
"and modules, later in the process."
551
"没有一个 MacOS 应用程序可以用于将映像文件写到软盘(而且这也没有什么意义，因为"
552
"您也不能在 Macintosh 系统上用软盘引导安装系统来安装内核以及模块)。但是，这些"
553
"文件也被用来在后面的安装过程中安装操作系统和模块。"
556
#: install-methods.xml:445
558
msgid "Writing Disk Images From MacOS"
559
msgstr "在 MacOS 上写磁盘映像"
562
#: install-methods.xml:446
565
"An AppleScript, <application>Make Debian Floppy</application>, is available "
566
"for burning floppies from the provided disk image files. It can be "
567
"downloaded from <ulink url=\"ftp://ftp2.sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/de/"
568
"debian-imac/MakeDebianFloppy.sit\"></ulink>. To use it, just unstuff it on "
569
"your desktop, and then drag any floppy image file to it. You must have "
570
"Applescript installed and enabled in your extensions manager. Disk Copy will "
571
"ask you to confirm that you wish to erase the floppy and proceed to write "
572
"the file image to it."
574
"这里有一个名为 <application>Make Debian Floppy</application> 的 AppleSrcipt "
575
"可以用来从所提供的磁盘映像制作软盘。它可以从 <ulink url=\"ftp://ftp2."
576
"sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/de/debian-imac/MakeDebianFloppy.sit\"></"
577
"ulink> 处下载。使用时只需要解压文件至桌面然后向其拖入您想刻录的映像文件。您必"
578
"须已经安装了 Applescript 并在您的扩展管理器中开启它。Disk Copy 会要求您确认您"
582
#: install-methods.xml:457
585
"You can also use the MacOS utility <command>Disk Copy</command> directly, or "
586
"the freeware utility <command>suntar</command>. The <filename>root.bin</"
587
"filename> file is an example of a floppy image. Use one of the following "
588
"methods to create a floppy from the floppy image with these utilities."
590
"您也可以直接使用 MacOS 工具 <command>Disk Copy</command> ，或者免费软件工具 "
591
"<command>suntar</command>。<filename>root.bin</filename> 是一个软盘映像范例。"
592
"您可以使用以下方法之一来利用这些工具将磁盘映像写入软盘。"
595
#: install-methods.xml:468
597
msgid "Writing Disk Images with <command>Disk Copy</command>"
598
msgstr "写磁盘映像：使用<command>Disk Copy</command>"
601
#: install-methods.xml:469
604
"If you are creating the floppy image from files which were originally on the "
605
"official &debian; CD, then the Type and Creator are already set correctly. "
606
"The following <command>Creator-Changer</command> steps are only necessary if "
607
"you downloaded the image files from a Debian mirror."
609
"假如您是使用官方 &debian; 光盘上的软盘映像文件，那么 Type 和 Creator 已经设置"
610
"正确。以下 <command>Creator-Changer</command> 步骤只针对从 Debian 镜像下载映"
614
#: install-methods.xml:478
617
"Obtain <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-creator-changer;\">Creator-Changer</ulink> "
618
"and use it to open the <filename>root.bin</filename> file."
620
"取得 <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-creator-changer;\">Creator-Changer</ulink> 并"
621
"且用它打开 <filename>root.bin</filename> 文件。"
624
#: install-methods.xml:485
627
"Change the Creator to <userinput>ddsk</userinput> (Disk Copy), and the Type "
628
"to <userinput>DDim</userinput> (binary floppy image). The case is sensitive "
631
"将 Creator 改为 <userinput>ddsk</userinput> (Disk Copy)，并将 Type 改为 "
632
"<userinput>DDim</userinput> (binary floppy image)。注意此处大小写敏感。"
635
#: install-methods.xml:492
638
"<emphasis>Important:</emphasis> In the Finder, use <userinput>Get Info</"
639
"userinput> to display the Finder information about the floppy image, and "
640
"<quote>X</quote> the <userinput>File Locked</userinput> check box so that "
641
"MacOS will be unable to remove the boot blocks if the image is accidentally "
644
"<emphasis>注意：</emphasis> 在 Finder 中，使用 <userinput>Get Info</"
645
"userinput> 来显示关于软盘映像的 Finder 信息，并在 <userinput>File Locked</"
646
"userinput> 复选框中划上<quote>X</quote>。这样在映像意外的被挂载时 MacOS 将不"
650
#: install-methods.xml:501
653
"Obtain <command>Disk Copy</command>; if you have a MacOS system or CD it "
654
"will very likely be there already, otherwise try <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-"
655
"diskcopy;\"></ulink>."
657
"获取 <command>Disk Copy</command>。如果您已经拥有了 MacOS 系统或光盘，它多半"
658
"就已经被包含在其中，否则可以试试 <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-diskcopy;\"></"
662
#: install-methods.xml:508
665
"Run <command>Disk Copy</command>, and select <menuchoice> "
666
"<guimenu>Utilities</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Make a Floppy</guimenuitem> </"
667
"menuchoice>, then select the <emphasis>locked</emphasis> image file from the "
668
"resulting dialog. It will ask you to insert a floppy, then ask if you really "
669
"want to erase it. When done it should eject the floppy."
671
"运行 <command>Disk Copy</command>，并且从 <userinput>Utilities</userinput> 菜"
672
"单中选择 <guimenuitem>Make a Floppy</guimenuitem>，然后从对话框中选择 "
673
"<emphasis>locked</emphasis> 的映像文件。它会要求您插入一张软盘，然后询问是否"
677
#: install-methods.xml:523
679
msgid "Writing Disk Images with <command>suntar</command>"
680
msgstr "写磁盘映像：使用<command>suntar</command>"
683
#: install-methods.xml:527
686
"Obtain <command>suntar</command> from <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-suntar;\"> </"
687
"ulink>. Start the <command>suntar</command> program and select "
688
"<quote>Overwrite Sectors...</quote> from the <userinput>Special</userinput> "
691
"获取 <command>suntar</command>，它在 <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-suntar;\"> </"
692
"ulink> 中。运行 <command>suntar</command> 程序并且从 <userinput>Special</"
693
"userinput> 菜单中选择<quote>Overwrite Sectors...</quote>。"
696
#: install-methods.xml:535
699
"Insert the floppy disk as requested, then hit &enterkey; (start at sector 0)."
700
msgstr "按照要求插入软盘，然后点击 &enterkey; (从0扇区开始)。"
703
#: install-methods.xml:541
706
"Select the <filename>root.bin</filename> file in the file-opening dialog."
707
msgstr "在打开文件对话框中选择 <filename>root.bin</filename> 文件。"
710
#: install-methods.xml:546
713
"After the floppy has been created successfully, select <menuchoice> "
714
"<guimenu>File</guimenu> <guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>. If "
715
"there are any errors writing the floppy, simply toss that floppy and try "
718
"当软盘被成功写入之后，选中 <menuchoice> <guimenu>File</guimenu> "
719
"<guimenuitem>Eject</guimenuitem> </menuchoice>。如果写盘期间发生任何错误，请"
723
#: install-methods.xml:554
726
"Before using the floppy you created, <emphasis>set the write protect tab</"
727
"emphasis>! Otherwise if you accidentally mount it in MacOS, MacOS will "
730
"在使用您创建的软盘之前，<emphasis>请设置写保护标签</emphasis>！否则，如果您偶"
731
"然在 MacOS 中挂载了它，MacOS 将会将其毁坏。"
734
#: install-methods.xml:573
736
msgid "Preparing Files for USB Memory Stick Booting"
737
msgstr "为从 USB 闪盘引导准备文件"
740
#: install-methods.xml:575
743
"For preparing the USB stick you will need a system where GNU/Linux is "
744
"already running and where USB is supported. You should ensure that the usb-"
745
"storage kernel module is loaded (<userinput>modprobe usb-storage</"
746
"userinput>) and try to find out which SCSI device the USB stick has been "
747
"mapped to (in this example <filename>/dev/sda</filename> is used). To write "
748
"to your stick, you will probably have to turn off its write protection "
751
"您需要一台运行支持 USB 的 GNU/Linux 系统来为 USB 闪盘引导准备文件。您应该确"
752
"定 usb-storage 内核模块已经被加载(<userinput>modprobe usb-storage</"
753
"userinput>) 然后尝试找出 USB 闪盘被映射到的哪个 SCSI 设备(在此以 <filename>/"
754
"dev/sda</filename> 为例)。为了写入您的闪盘，您可能需要关闭它的写保护开关。"
757
#: install-methods.xml:585
760
"Note, that the USB stick should be at least 128 MB in size (smaller setups "
761
"are possible if you follow <xref linkend=\"usb-copy-flexible\"/>)."
763
"注意，准备的 USB 闪盘应该至少有 128MB 的容量(在更小的尺寸安装也是可能的，请参"
764
"考 <xref linkend=\"usb-copy-flexible\"/>)。"
767
#: install-methods.xml:593
769
msgid "Copying the files — the easy way"
770
msgstr "复制文件 — 轻松的途径"
773
#: install-methods.xml:594
776
"There is an all-in-one file <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> which "
777
"contains all the installer files (including the kernel) as well as "
778
"<command>SYSLINUX</command> and its configuration file. You only have to "
779
"extract it directly to your USB stick: <informalexample><screen>\n"
780
"# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable>\n"
781
"</screen></informalexample> Of course this will destroy anything already on "
782
"the device, so take care that you use the correct device name for your USB "
785
"这里有一个单一文件 <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> ，其中包含了所有"
786
"的安装程序文件(包括内核)，以及 <command>SYSLINUX</command> 和它的配置文件。您"
787
"只需要把它直接解压到您的 USB 闪盘内即可： <informalexample><screen>\n"
788
"# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable>\n"
789
"</screen></informalexample> 当然，这会删除设备上现存的所有内容，因此请仔细检"
790
"查您使用的是正确的 USB 闪盘设备名称。"
793
#: install-methods.xml:606
796
"There is an all-in-one file <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> which "
797
"contains all the installer files (including the kernel) as well as "
798
"<command>yaboot</command> and its configuration file. Create a partition of "
799
"type \"Apple_Bootstrap\" on your USB stick using <command>mac-fdisk</"
800
"command>'s <userinput>C</userinput> command and extract the image directly "
801
"to that: <informalexample><screen>\n"
802
"# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable>\n"
803
"</screen></informalexample> Of course this will destroy anything already on "
804
"the device, so take care that you use the correct device name for your USB "
807
"这里有一个单一文件 <filename>hd-media/boot.img.gz</filename> ，其中包含了所有"
808
"的安装程序文件(包括内核)，以及 <command>yaboot</command> 和它的配置文件。您可"
809
"以使用 <command>mac-fdisk</command> 的 <userinput>C</userinput> 命令在您的 "
810
"USB 闪盘上创建一个类型为“Apple_Bootstrap”的分区，然后直接解开映像文件到： "
811
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
812
"# zcat boot.img.gz > /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable>\n"
813
"</screen></informalexample> 当然，这会删除设备上现存的所有内容，因此请仔细检"
814
"查您使用的是正确的 USB 闪盘设备名称。"
817
#: install-methods.xml:620
820
"After that, mount the USB memory stick (<userinput>mount <replaceable arch="
821
"\"i386\">/dev/sda</replaceable> <replaceable arch=\"powerpc\">/dev/sda2</"
822
"replaceable> /mnt</userinput>), which will now have <phrase arch=\"i386\">a "
823
"FAT filesystem</phrase> <phrase arch=\"powerpc\">an HFS filesystem</phrase> "
824
"on it, and copy a Debian netinst or businesscard ISO image to it. Please "
825
"note that the file name must end in <filename>.iso</filename>. Unmount the "
826
"stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>) and you are done."
828
"然后，挂载 USB 闪盘(<userinput>mount <replaceable arch=\"i386\">/dev/sda</"
829
"replaceable> <replaceable arch=\"powerpc\">/dev/sda2</replaceable> /mnt</"
830
"userinput>)，它上面应该已经具有 <phrase arch=\"i386\">一个 FAT 文件系统</"
831
"phrase> <phrase arch=\"powerpc\">一个 HFS 文件系统</phrase> ，您再将一个 "
832
"Debian netinst(网络安装) 或 businesscard(名片) ISO 映像拷贝到盘上。请注意文件"
833
"名必须以 <filename>.iso</filename> 结尾。卸载闪盘(<userinput>umount /mnt</"
837
#: install-methods.xml:636
839
msgid "Copying the files — the flexible way"
840
msgstr "复制文件 — 灵活的方法"
843
#: install-methods.xml:637
846
"If you like more flexibility or just want to know what's going on, you "
847
"should use the following method to put the files on your stick."
849
"如果您需要更多的灵活性或者只是想了解其间发生了什么，您应该使用如下的方法来把"
852
# index.docbook:645, index.docbook:739
854
#: install-methods.xml:649 install-methods.xml:745
856
msgid "USB stick partitioning on &arch-title;"
857
msgstr "在 &arch-title; 上为 USB 闪盘分区"
860
#: install-methods.xml:650
863
"We will show how to setup the memory stick to use the first partition, "
864
"instead of the entire device."
865
msgstr "我们将展示如何使用闪盘的第一个分区，而不是整个设备。"
868
#: install-methods.xml:655
871
"Since most USB sticks come pre-configured with a single FAT16 partition, you "
872
"probably won't have to repartition or reformat the stick. If you have to do "
873
"that anyway, use <command>cfdisk</command> or any other partitioning tool "
874
"for creating a FAT16 partition and then create the filesystem using: "
875
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
876
"# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>\n"
877
"</screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name "
878
"for your USB stick. The <command>mkdosfs</command> command is contained in "
879
"the <classname>dosfstools</classname> Debian package."
881
"由于大多数 USB 闪盘预先设置了一个单独的 FAT16 分区，您可能不需要重新分区或者"
882
"格式化 USB 闪盘。如果您必须这么做，请使用 <command>cfdisk</command> 或者其他"
883
"的分区工具来创建一个 FAT16 分区并且输入: <informalexample><screen>\n"
884
"# mkdosfs /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>\n"
885
"</screen></informalexample> 注意使用正确的 USB 盘设备名称。<command>mkdosfs</"
886
"command> 命令包含在 <classname>dosfstools</classname> Debian 包中。"
889
#: install-methods.xml:669
892
"In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will put a "
893
"boot loader on the stick. Although any boot loader (e.g. <command>LILO</"
894
"command>) should work, it's convenient to use <command>SYSLINUX</command>, "
895
"since it uses a FAT16 partition and can be reconfigured by just editing a "
896
"text file. Any operating system which supports the FAT file system can be "
897
"used to make changes to the configuration of the boot loader."
899
"为了能在 USB 闪盘引导后启动内核，我们要在 USB 闪盘上放入一个启动引导程序。尽"
900
"管任何引导装载程序(比如 <command>LILO</command>)都应该可以胜任这个工作，不过"
901
"还是使用 <command>SYSLINUX</command> 更方便。主要原因是是它可以使用 FAT16 分"
902
"区，而且只需要编辑一个文本文件就能对其进行配置。任何支持 FAT 文件系统的操作系"
906
#: install-methods.xml:679
909
"To put <command>SYSLINUX</command> on the FAT16 partition on your USB stick, "
910
"install the <classname>syslinux</classname> and <classname>mtools</"
911
"classname> packages on your system, and do: <informalexample><screen>\n"
912
"# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>\n"
913
"</screen></informalexample> Again, take care that you use the correct device "
914
"name. The partition must not be mounted when starting <command>SYSLINUX</"
915
"command>. This procedure writes a boot sector to the partition and creates "
916
"the file <filename>ldlinux.sys</filename> which contains the boot loader "
919
"为了把 <command>SYSLINUX</command> 放到您的 USB 闪盘的 FAT16 分区上，请在您的"
920
"系统中安装 <classname>syslinux</classname> 和 <classname>mtools</classname> "
921
"包，然后执行： <informalexample><screen>\n"
922
"# syslinux /dev/<replaceable>sda1</replaceable>\n"
923
"</screen></informalexample> 再提醒一次，请确认您使用的是正确的设备名称。还"
924
"有，一定不能在启动 <command>SYSLINUX</command> 的时候挂载该分区，因为在操作过"
925
"程中会向分区的引导扇区写入数据并且创建包含启动引导器代码的 <filename>ldlinux."
929
#: install-methods.xml:692
932
"Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt</userinput>) and copy "
933
"the following files from the Debian archives to the stick: <itemizedlist> "
934
"<listitem><para> <filename>vmlinuz</filename> (kernel binary) </para></"
935
"listitem> <listitem><para> <filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk "
936
"image) </para></listitem> <listitem><para> <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> "
937
"(SYSLINUX configuration file) </para></listitem> <listitem><para> Optional "
938
"kernel modules </para></listitem> </itemizedlist> If you want to rename the "
939
"files, please note that <command>SYSLINUX</command> can only process DOS "
942
"接下来就是挂载分区(<userinput>mount /dev/sda1 /mnt</userinput>)以及将下列文件"
943
"从 Debain 文件库拷贝到闪盘上： <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> "
944
"<filename>vmlinuz</filename> (内核二进制文件) </para></listitem> "
945
"<listitem><para> <filename>initrd.gz</filename> (初始化内存映像) </para></"
946
"listitem> <listitem><para> <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> (SYSLINUX 配置文"
947
"件) </para></listitem> <listitem><para> 可选的内核模块 </para></listitem> </"
948
"itemizedlist> 如果您想给这些文件改名，请注意 <command>SYSLINUX</command> 只能"
949
"处理 DOS (8.3) 格式的文件名。"
952
#: install-methods.xml:723
955
"The <filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> configuration file should contain the "
956
"following two lines: <informalexample><screen>\n"
958
"append initrd=initrd.gz ramdisk_size=12000 root=/dev/rd/0 init=/linuxrc rw\n"
959
"</screen></informalexample> Please note that the <userinput>ramdisk_size</"
960
"userinput> parameter may need to be increased, depending on the image you "
961
"are booting. <phrase condition=\"sarge\"> If the boot fails, you can try "
962
"adding <userinput>devfs=mount,dall</userinput> to the <quote>append</quote> "
965
"<filename>syslinux.cfg</filename> 配置文件应该含有下列两行： "
966
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
968
"append initrd=initrd.gz ramdisk_size=12000 root=/dev/rd/0 init=/linuxrc rw\n"
969
"</screen></informalexample> 请注意，根据所启动的内存映像的大小，在必要的时"
970
"候，您可能需要增大<userinput>ramdisk_size</userinput> 参数的数值。<phrase "
971
"condition=\"sarge\">如果引导失败，您可以尝试添加 <userinput>devfs=mount,"
972
"dall</userinput> 到 <quote>append</quote> 那一行。</phrase>"
975
#: install-methods.xml:746
978
"Most USB sticks do not come pre-configured in such a way that Open Firmware "
979
"can boot from them, so you will need to repartition the stick. On Mac "
980
"systems, run <userinput>mac-fdisk /dev/sda</userinput>, initialise a new "
981
"partition map using the <userinput>i</userinput> command, and create a new "
982
"partition of type Apple_Bootstrap using the <userinput>C</userinput> "
983
"command. (Note that the first \"partition\" will always be the partition map "
984
"itself.) Then type <informalexample><screen>\n"
985
"$ hformat /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable>\n"
986
"</screen></informalexample> Take care that you use the correct device name "
987
"for your USB stick. The <command>hformat</command> command is contained in "
988
"the <classname>hfsutils</classname> Debian package."
990
"绝大多数 USB 盘的预设置都不能让 Open Firmware 从该盘进行引导，因此您需要为闪"
991
"盘重新分区。在 Mac 系统上，执行 <userinput>mac-fdisk /dev/sda</userinput>，"
992
"用 <userinput>i</userinput> 命令初始化新的分区映射，然后使用 <userinput>C</"
993
"userinput> 命令创建一个新的类型为 Apple_Bootstrap 的分区。(要注意的是第一个分"
994
"区总是分区映射本身。)然后键入 <informalexample><screen>\n"
995
"$ hformat /dev/<replaceable>sda2</replaceable>\n"
996
"</screen></informalexample> 注意使用正确的 USB 盘设备名称。<command>hformat</"
997
"command> 命令包含在 <classname>hfsutils</classname> Debian 包中。"
1000
#: install-methods.xml:762
1003
"In order to start the kernel after booting from the USB stick, we will put a "
1004
"boot loader on the stick. The <command>yaboot</command> boot loader can be "
1005
"installed on an HFS filesystem and can be reconfigured by just editing a "
1006
"text file. Any operating system which supports the HFS file system can be "
1007
"used to make changes to the configuration of the boot loader."
1009
"为了能在 USB 闪盘引导后启动内核，我们要在 USB 闪盘上放入一个启动引导程序。"
1010
"<command>yaboot</command> 启动引导器可以被安装到 HFS 文件系统上，而且只需要编"
1011
"辑一个文本文件就能对其重新进行配置。任何支持 HFS 文件系统的操作系统可以用来改"
1015
#: install-methods.xml:771
1018
"The normal <command>ybin</command> tool that comes with <command>yaboot</"
1019
"command> does not yet understand USB storage devices, so you will have to "
1020
"install <command>yaboot</command> by hand using the <classname>hfsutils</"
1021
"classname> tools. Type <informalexample><screen>\n"
1022
"$ hmount /dev/sda2\n"
1023
"$ hcopy -r /usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot :\n"
1024
"$ hattrib -c UNIX -t tbxi :yaboot\n"
1027
"</screen></informalexample> Again, take care that you use the correct device "
1028
"name. The partition must not be otherwise mounted during this procedure. "
1029
"This procedure writes the boot loader to the partition, and uses the HFS "
1030
"utilities to mark it in such a way that Open Firmware will boot it. Having "
1031
"done this, the rest of the USB stick may be prepared using the normal Unix "
1034
"常用的 <command>ybin</command> 工具(随 <command>yaboot</command> 附带)并不能"
1035
"识别 USB 存储设备，因此您不得不手动安装 <command>yaboot</command>，这可以通"
1036
"过 <classname>hfsutils</classname> 工具来完成。用法如下： "
1037
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1038
"$ hmount /dev/sda2\n"
1039
"$ hcopy -r /usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot :\n"
1040
"$ hattrib -c UNIX -t tbxi :yaboot\n"
1043
"</screen></informalexample> 再提醒一次，请确认您使用的是正确的设备名称。操作"
1044
"过程中一定不能挂载此分区。程序会向分区中写入启动引导器，并使用 HFS 工具向其添"
1045
"加标记，最终使得 Open Fireware 可以启动它。完成以上操作之后，USB 盘的其他部分"
1046
"就可以用普通的 Unix 工具来处理了。"
1049
#: install-methods.xml:787
1052
"Mount the partition (<userinput>mount /dev/sda2 /mnt</userinput>) and copy "
1053
"the following files from the Debian archives to the stick:"
1055
"接下来就是挂接分区(<userinput>mount /dev/sda2 /mnt</userinput>)以及将下列文件"
1056
"从 Debain 文件库拷贝到闪盘上："
1059
#: install-methods.xml:793
1061
msgid "<filename>vmlinux</filename> (kernel binary)"
1062
msgstr "<filename>vmlinux</filename> (内核二进制文件)"
1065
#: install-methods.xml:798
1067
msgid "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (initial ramdisk image)"
1068
msgstr "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (初始化内存映像)"
1071
#: install-methods.xml:803
1073
msgid "<filename>yaboot.conf</filename> (yaboot configuration file)"
1074
msgstr "<filename>yaboot.conf</filename> (yaboot 配置文件)"
1077
#: install-methods.xml:808
1079
msgid "<filename>boot.msg</filename> (optional boot message)"
1080
msgstr "<filename>boot.msg</filename> (可选的启动信息)"
1083
#: install-methods.xml:813
1085
msgid "Optional kernel modules"
1089
#: install-methods.xml:820
1092
"The <filename>yaboot.conf</filename> configuration file should contain the "
1093
"following lines: <informalexample><screen>\n"
1097
"message=/boot.msg\n"
1101
" initrd=/initrd.gz\n"
1102
" initrd-size=10000<phrase condition=\"sarge\">\n"
1103
" append=\"devfs=mount,dall --\"</phrase>\n"
1105
"</screen></informalexample> Please note that the <userinput>initrd-size</"
1106
"userinput> parameter may need to be increased, depending on the image you "
1109
"<filename>yaboot.conf</filename> 配置文件应该含有以下几行： "
1110
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1114
"message=/boot.msg\n"
1118
" initrd=/initrd.gz\n"
1119
" initrd-size=10000<phrase condition=\"sarge\">\n"
1120
" append=\"devfs=mount,dall --\"</phrase>\n"
1122
"</screen></informalexample> 请注意，在必要的时候，您可能需要增大"
1123
"<userinput>initrd-size</userinput> 参数的数值，这完全取决于您所使用的内存映像"
1127
#: install-methods.xml:835
1129
msgid "Adding an ISO image"
1133
#: install-methods.xml:836
1136
"Now you should put any Debian ISO image (businesscard, netinst or even a "
1137
"full one) onto your stick (if it fits). The file name of such an image must "
1138
"end in <filename>.iso</filename>."
1140
"现在您需要把任意一个 Debian ISO 映像(businesscard、netinst 或者甚至是完全版)"
1141
"放入您的 USB 闪盘内(如果它装得下的话)。这样的一个映像文件的后缀名必须是 "
1142
"<filename>.iso</filename>。"
1145
#: install-methods.xml:842
1148
"If you want to install over the network, without using an ISO image, you "
1149
"will of course skip the previous step. Moreover you will have to use the "
1150
"initial ramdisk from the <filename>netboot</filename> directory instead of "
1151
"the one from <filename>hd-media</filename>, because <filename>hd-media/"
1152
"initrd.gz</filename> does not have network support."
1154
"如果您想直接通过网络安装而不使用 ISO 映像，当然就可以跳过上述步骤。并且您必须"
1155
"要使用 <filename>netboot</filename> 目录中的初始化内存映像来取代来自 "
1156
"<filename>hd-media</filename> 的相同文件。这是因为 <filename>hd-media/initrd."
1157
"gz</filename> 并不包含网络支持。"
1160
#: install-methods.xml:851
1163
"When you are done, unmount the USB memory stick (<userinput>umount /mnt</"
1164
"userinput>) and activate its write protection switch."
1166
"当您完成后，卸载 USB 闪盘(<userinput>umount /mnt</userinput>)并打开写保护。"
1169
#: install-methods.xml:861
1171
msgid "Booting the USB stick"
1175
#: install-methods.xml:862
1178
"If your system refuses to boot from the memory stick, the stick may contain "
1179
"an invalid master boot record (MBR). To fix this, use the <command>install-"
1180
"mbr</command> command from the package <classname>mbr</classname>:"
1182
"如果您的系统拒绝从 USB 闪盘引导，那么可能是因为它含有无效的主引导扇区记录"
1183
"(MBR)。您可以使用 <command>install-mbr</command> 命令来修复这个问题，该命令来"
1184
"自 <classname>mbr</classname> 软件包："
1187
#: install-methods.xml:869
1189
msgid "# install-mbr /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable>"
1190
msgstr "# install-mbr /dev/<replaceable>sda</replaceable>"
1193
#: install-methods.xml:881
1195
msgid "Preparing Files for Hard Disk Booting"
1199
#: install-methods.xml:882
1202
"The installer may be booted using boot files placed on an existing hard "
1203
"drive partition, either launched from another operating system or by "
1204
"invoking a boot loader directly from the BIOS."
1206
"安装程序可以从硬盘分区上面用引导文件引导。它们可以在其它操作系统下面启动，或"
1207
"者直接使用 BIOS 提供的引导装载程序直接启动。"
1210
#: install-methods.xml:888
1213
"A full, <quote>pure network</quote> installation can be achieved using this "
1214
"technique. This avoids all hassles of removable media, like finding and "
1215
"burning CD images or struggling with too numerous and unreliable floppy "
1218
"采用这个技术可以实现完全的<quote>纯网络</quote>的安装方式。这样可以避免一些使"
1219
"用可移动介质带来的的缺点，比如寻找和刻录光盘映像或是与大量且不可靠的软盘纠缠"
1223
#: install-methods.xml:895
1225
msgid "The installer cannot boot from files on an NTFS file system."
1226
msgstr "安装程序无法从 NTFS 文件系统上进行引导。"
1229
#: install-methods.xml:899
1232
"The installer cannot boot from files on an HFS+ file system. MacOS System "
1233
"8.1 and above may use HFS+ file systems; NewWorld PowerMacs all use HFS+. To "
1234
"determine whether your existing file system is HFS+, select <userinput>Get "
1235
"Info</userinput> for the volume in question. HFS file systems appear as "
1236
"<userinput>Mac OS Standard</userinput>, while HFS+ file systems say "
1237
"<userinput>Mac OS Extended</userinput>. You must have an HFS partition in "
1238
"order to exchange files between MacOS and Linux, in particular the "
1239
"installation files you download."
1241
"安装程序无法从 HFS+ 文件系统进行引导。MacOS System 8.1 及之后的系统可能使用 "
1242
"HFS+ 文件系统，NewWorld PowerMacs 则全部使用 HFS+。要确认您的系统是否是 HFS"
1243
"+，请选择 <userinput>Get Info</userinput> 来查看相关卷信息。HFS 文件系统文件"
1244
"系统显示为 <userinput>Mac OS Standard</userinput>，而 HFS+ 文件系统将显示为 "
1245
"<userinput>Mac OS Extended</userinput>。您必须使用一个 HFS 分区来在 MacOS 和 "
1246
"Linux 之间交换文件，特别是那些您下载的安装文件。"
1249
#: install-methods.xml:910
1252
"Different programs are used for hard disk installation system booting, "
1253
"depending on whether the system is a <quote>NewWorld</quote> or an "
1254
"<quote>OldWorld</quote> model."
1256
"根据您的系统是<quote>NewWorld</quote>还是<quote>OldWorld</quote>型号，硬盘安"
1260
#: install-methods.xml:919
1263
"Hard disk installer booting using <command>LILO</command> or <command>GRUB</"
1266
"硬盘安装程序引导使用 <command>LILO</command> 或 <command>GRUB</command>"
1269
#: install-methods.xml:921
1272
"This section explains how to add to or even replace an existing linux "
1273
"installation using either <command>LILO</command> or <command>GRUB</command>."
1275
"这一节将解释如何增加或者甚至替换现有的 linux 安装，通过 <command>LILO</"
1276
"command> 或 <command>GRUB</command>。"
1279
#: install-methods.xml:927
1282
"At boot time, both bootloaders support loading in memory not only the "
1283
"kernel, but also a disk image. This RAM disk can be used as the root file-"
1284
"system by the kernel."
1286
"在启动时，两种引导器都支持将内核和磁盘映像加载到内存中。这个内存虚拟磁盘可以"
1290
#: install-methods.xml:933
1293
"Copy the following files from the Debian archives to a convenient location "
1294
"on your hard drive, for instance to <filename>/boot/newinstall/</filename>."
1296
"将以下文件从 Debian 存档中拷贝到硬盘中比较方便的地方，比如 <filename>/boot/"
1297
"newinstall/</filename>。"
1300
#: install-methods.xml:940
1302
msgid "<filename>vmlinuz</filename> (kernel binary)"
1303
msgstr "<filename>vmlinuz</filename>(内核二进制文件)"
1306
#: install-methods.xml:945
1308
msgid "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (ramdisk image)"
1309
msgstr "<filename>initrd.gz</filename> (内存虚拟磁盘映像)"
1312
#: install-methods.xml:952
1315
"Finally, to configure the bootloader proceed to <xref linkend=\"boot-initrd"
1317
msgstr "最后，要配置启动引导器，请进入 <xref linkend=\"boot-initrd\"/>。"
1320
#: install-methods.xml:962
1322
msgid "Hard Disk Installer Booting for OldWorld Macs"
1323
msgstr "在 OldWorld Macs 上引导硬盘安装程序"
1326
#: install-methods.xml:963
1329
"The <filename>boot-floppy-hfs</filename> floppy uses <application>miBoot</"
1330
"application> to launch Linux installation, but <application>miBoot</"
1331
"application> cannot easily be used for hard disk booting. "
1332
"<application>BootX</application>, launched from MacOS, supports booting from "
1333
"files placed on the hard disk. <application>BootX</application> can also be "
1334
"used to dual-boot MacOS and Linux after your Debian installation is "
1335
"complete. For the Performa 6360, it appears that <command>quik</command> "
1336
"cannot make the hard disk bootable. So <application>BootX</application> is "
1337
"required on that model."
1339
"<filename>boot-floppy-hfs</filename> 软盘使用 <application>miBoot</"
1340
"application> 来启动 Linux 安装，但是 <application>miBoot</application> 不易用"
1341
"于从硬盘引导。运行于 MacOS 的 <application>BootX</application> 支持从硬盘上的"
1342
"文件进行引导。<application>BootX</application> 也能在安装完 Debian 后用于 "
1343
"MacOS 和 Linux 的双重引导。对于 Performa 6360 来说，<command>quik</command> "
1344
"看上去不能让硬盘可引导。因此 <application>BootX</application> 对于该型号来说"
1348
#: install-methods.xml:976
1351
"Download and unstuff the <application>BootX</application> distribution, "
1352
"available from <ulink url=\"&url-powerpc-bootx;\"></ulink>, or in the "
1353
"<filename>dists/woody/main/disks-powerpc/current/powermac</filename> "
1354
"directory on Debian http/ftp mirrors and official Debian CDs. Use "
1355
"<application>Stuffit Expander</application> to extract it from its archive. "
1356
"Within the package, there is an empty folder called <filename>Linux Kernels</"
1357
"filename>. Download <filename>linux.bin</filename> and <filename>ramdisk."
1358
"image.gz</filename> from the <filename>disks-powerpc/current/powermac</"
1359
"filename> folder, and place them in the <filename>Linux Kernels</filename> "
1360
"folder. Then place the <filename>Linux Kernels</filename> folder in the "
1361
"active System Folder."
1363
"请下载并且解压 <application>BootX</application> 发布版本。它可以从 <ulink "
1364
"url=\"&url-powerpc-bootx;\"></ulink>，或者 Debian http/ftp 镜像以及官方 "
1365
"Debian 光盘的 <filename>dists/woody/main/disks-powerpc/current/powermac</"
1366
"filename> 目录下得到。可以用 <application>Stuffit Expander</application> 来把"
1367
"它从打包档案中解开。在这个包中，有一个名为 <filename>Linux Kernels</"
1368
"filename> 的空文件夹。请下载 <filename>linux.bin</filename> 和 "
1369
"<filename>ramdisk.image.gz</filename> (位于 <filename>disks-powerpc/current/"
1370
"powermac</filename> 文件夹)，然后把他们放到 <filename>Linux Kernels</"
1371
"filename> 文件夹中，然后把 <filename>Linux Kernels</filename> 文件夹放到活动"
1375
#: install-methods.xml:996
1377
msgid "Hard Disk Installer Booting for NewWorld Macs"
1378
msgstr "在 NewWorld Macs 上启动硬盘安装程序"
1381
#: install-methods.xml:997
1384
"NewWorld PowerMacs support booting from a network or an ISO9660 CD-ROM, as "
1385
"well as loading ELF binaries directly from the hard disk. These machines "
1386
"will boot Linux directly via <command>yaboot</command>, which supports "
1387
"loading a kernel and RAMdisk directly from an ext2 partition, as well as "
1388
"dual-booting with MacOS. Hard disk booting of the installer is particularly "
1389
"appropriate for newer machines without floppy drives. <command>BootX</"
1390
"command> is not supported and must not be used on NewWorld PowerMacs."
1392
"NewWorld PowerMacs 支持从网络或者 ISO9660 格式光盘进行引导，或者直接从硬盘上"
1393
"载入 ELF 二进制文件。这类机器可以直接使用 <command>yaboot</command>引导。它既"
1394
"支持直接从 ext2 分区中装入内核和内存虚拟磁盘，也支持和 MacOS 的双重引导。硬盘"
1395
"引导特别适合最新的没有软驱的机器。<command>BootX</command> 则不被支持，也一定"
1396
"不能用在 NewWorld PowerMacs 上。"
1399
#: install-methods.xml:1008
1402
"<emphasis>Copy</emphasis> (not move) the following four files which you "
1403
"downloaded earlier from the Debian archives, onto the root level of your "
1404
"hard drive (this can be accomplished by <keycap>option</keycap>-dragging "
1405
"each file to the hard drive icon)."
1407
"<emphasis>拷贝</emphasis>(而非移动)您早先从 Debian 存档下载的下列四个文件到您"
1408
"硬盘的根目录上(这个可以用按住 <keycap>option</keycap> 键然后拖动每个文件到硬"
1412
#: install-methods.xml:1018
1418
#: install-methods.xml:1023
1424
#: install-methods.xml:1028
1430
#: install-methods.xml:1033
1433
msgstr "yaboot.conf"
1436
#: install-methods.xml:1038
1439
"Make a note of the partition number of the MacOS partition where you place "
1440
"these files. If you have the MacOS <command>pdisk</command> program, you can "
1441
"use the L command to check for the partition number. You will need this "
1442
"partition number for the command you type at the Open Firmware prompt when "
1443
"you boot the installer."
1445
"记下您存放这些文件的 MacOS 分区号。如果您有 MacOS 的 <command>pdisk</"
1446
"command> 程序，您可以使用 L 命令检查分区号。当引导安装程序的时候，您需要这个"
1447
"分区号码用于在 Open Firmware 提示符下面输入命令。"
1450
#: install-methods.xml:1046
1452
msgid "To boot the installer, proceed to <xref linkend=\"boot-newworld\"/>."
1453
msgstr "要引导安装程序，请进入 <xref linkend=\"boot-newworld\"/>。"
1456
#: install-methods.xml:1059
1458
msgid "Preparing Files for TFTP Net Booting"
1459
msgstr "为使用 TFTP 网络引导准备文件"
1462
#: install-methods.xml:1060
1465
"If your machine is connected to a local area network, you may be able to "
1466
"boot it over the network from another machine, using TFTP. If you intend to "
1467
"boot the installation system from another machine, the boot files will need "
1468
"to be placed in specific locations on that machine, and the machine "
1469
"configured to support booting of your specific machine."
1471
"如果您的机器连接到了一个局域网，您可以从网络上的另外一台机器上面通过 TFTP 来"
1472
"引导它。如果您倾向从另外一台机器上面引导安装系统，则引导文件需要放在那台机器"
1473
"上面的某个特殊地方，并且配置好能够能够支持对您的机器进行引导。"
1476
#: install-methods.xml:1068
1479
"You need to setup a TFTP server, and for many machines, a BOOTP server "
1480
"<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">, or RARP server</phrase> <phrase "
1481
"condition=\"supports-dhcp\">, or DHCP server</phrase>."
1483
"您需要设置一台 TFTP 服务器，并且对于很多机器来说，还需要一台 BOOTP 服务器 "
1484
"<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">，或 RARP 服务器</phrase> <phrase "
1485
"condition=\"supports-dhcp\">，又或 DHCP 服务器</phrase>。"
1488
#: install-methods.xml:1074
1491
"<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">The Reverse Address Resolution Protocol "
1492
"(RARP) is one way to tell your client what IP address to use for itself. "
1493
"Another way is to use the BOOTP protocol. </phrase> <phrase condition="
1494
"\"supports-bootp\">BOOTP is an IP protocol that informs a computer of its IP "
1495
"address and where on the network to obtain a boot image. </phrase> <phrase "
1496
"arch=\"m68k\"> Yet another alternative exists on VMEbus systems: the IP "
1497
"address can be manually configured in boot ROM. </phrase> <phrase condition="
1498
"\"supports-dhcp\">The DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a more "
1499
"flexible, backwards-compatible extension of BOOTP. Some systems can only be "
1500
"configured via DHCP. </phrase>"
1502
"<phrase condition=\"supports-rarp\">反向地址解析协议( The Reverse Address "
1503
"Resolution Protocol (RARP)) 是一种告诉您的客户它自己 IP 地址的方法。另外一种"
1504
"方法是采用 BOOTP 协议。</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-bootp\">BOOTP "
1505
"是一种 IP 协议，用来告诉一台计算机它自己 IP 地址以及从网络何处获得启动映像。"
1506
"</phrase> <phrase arch=\"m68k\">在 VMEbus 系统上面的另外一种选择是：IP 地址可"
1507
"以能够在引导 ROM 中手工配置。</phrase> <phrase condition=\"supports-dhcp"
1508
"\">DHCP (动态主机配置协议 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) 是一个更灵活，"
1509
"向后兼容的 BOOTP 拓展。有一些系统只能通过 DHCP 来配置。</phrase>"
1512
#: install-methods.xml:1091
1515
"For PowerPC, if you have a NewWorld Power Macintosh machine, it is a good "
1516
"idea to use DHCP instead of BOOTP. Some of the latest machines are unable to "
1519
"对于 PowerPC 来说，如果您有一台 NewWorld Power Macintosh 机器，使用 DHCP 来代"
1520
"替 BOOTP 比较好。有些最新的机器不能从 BOOTP 引导。"
1523
#: install-methods.xml:1097
1526
"Unlike the Open Firmware found on Sparc and PowerPC machines, the SRM "
1527
"console will <emphasis>not</emphasis> use RARP to obtain its IP address, and "
1528
"therefore you must use BOOTP for net booting your Alpha<footnote> <para> "
1529
"Alpha systems can also be net-booted using the DECNet MOP (Maintenance "
1530
"Operations Protocol), but this is not covered here. Presumably, your local "
1531
"OpenVMS operator will be happy to assist you should you have some burning "
1532
"need to use MOP to boot Linux on your Alpha. </para> </footnote>. You can "
1533
"also enter the IP configuration for network interfaces directly in the SRM "
1536
"不像 Sparc 和 PowerPC 机器上的 Open Firmware, SRM 控制台将 <emphasis>不</"
1537
"emphasis> 使用 RARP 来获得它的 IP 地址。因此您必须使用 BOOTP 来从网络启动您"
1538
"的 Alpha 机器<footnote> <para> Alpha 系统也可以通过 DECNet MOP (Maintenance "
1539
"Operations Protocol) 从网络启动，但在此不作阐述。在您急切需要使用 MOP 来启动 "
1540
"Alpha 系统上的 Linux 时，估计 OpenVMS 操作员很乐意帮您完成。 </para> </"
1541
"footnote>。您也可以直接在 SRM 控制台中直接输入网络接口的 IP 配置。"
1544
#: install-methods.xml:1114
1547
"Some older HPPA machines (e.g. 715/75) use RBOOTD rather than BOOTP. There "
1548
"is an <classname>rbootd</classname> package available in Debian."
1549
msgstr "一些较早的 HPPA 机器(比如 715/75)使用 RBOOTD 而不是 BOOTP。Debian 里面有一个 <classname>rbootd</classname> 软件包。"
1552
#: install-methods.xml:1119
1555
"The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is used to serve the boot image to "
1556
"the client. Theoretically, any server, on any platform, which implements "
1557
"these protocols, may be used. In the examples in this section, we shall "
1558
"provide commands for SunOS 4.x, SunOS 5.x (a.k.a. Solaris), and GNU/Linux."
1560
"普通文件传输协议(Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP))被用于为客户提供引导映"
1561
"像。理论上，任意服务器，在任意平台上只要实现了这些协议就都能够被应用。在这一"
1562
"节的一些例子里面，我们将提供在 SunOS 4.x、SunOS 5.x (即 Solaris) 和 GNU/"
1566
#: install-methods.xml:1127
1569
"To use the Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) method of TFTP booting, you "
1570
"will need a TFTP server with <userinput>tsize</userinput> support. On a "
1571
"&debian; server, the <classname>atftpd</classname> and <classname>tftpd-hpa</"
1572
"classname> packages qualify; we recommend <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname>."
1574
"如果想用 TFTP 的 Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) 方式启动，您将需要一台"
1575
"支持 <userinput>tsize</userinput> 的 TFTP 服务器。在 &debian; 服务器上，"
1576
"<classname>atftpd</classname> 和 <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname> 包符合此要"
1577
"求，我们推荐 <classname>tftpd-hpa</classname>。"
1580
#: install-methods.xml:1145
1582
msgid "Setting up RARP server"
1583
msgstr "设置 RARP 服务器"
1586
#: install-methods.xml:1146
1589
"To setup RARP, you need to know the Ethernet address (a.k.a. the MAC "
1590
"address) of the client computers to be installed. If you don't know this "
1591
"information, you can <phrase arch=\"sparc\"> pick it off the initial "
1592
"OpenPROM boot messages, use the OpenBoot <userinput>.enet-addr</userinput> "
1593
"command, or </phrase> boot into <quote>Rescue</quote> mode (e.g., from the "
1594
"rescue floppy) and use the command <userinput>/sbin/ifconfig eth0</"
1597
"为了设置 RARP ,您需要知道需要安装系统的客户机的以太网卡地址(网卡 MAC 地址)。"
1598
"如果您还不知道这个信息，可以<phrase arch=\"sparc\">从 OpenPROM 的初始化引导信"
1599
"息中获得，请使用 OpenBoot <userinput>.enet-addr</userinput> 命令，或者</"
1600
"phrase> 启动进入<quote>Rescue</quote>模式(例如使用回复软盘)并且使用 "
1601
"<userinput>/sbin/ifconfig eth0</userinput> 命令。"
1604
#: install-methods.xml:1158
1607
"On a RARP server system using a Linux 2.2.x kernel, you need to populate the "
1608
"kernel's RARP table. To do this, run the following commands: "
1609
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1610
"# <userinput>/sbin/rarp -s\n"
1611
"<replaceable>client-hostname</replaceable>\n"
1612
"<replaceable>client-enet-addr</replaceable></userinput>\n"
1614
"# <userinput>/usr/sbin/arp -s\n"
1615
"<replaceable>client-ip</replaceable>\n"
1616
"<replaceable>client-enet-addr</replaceable></userinput>\n"
1617
"</screen></informalexample> If you get <informalexample><screen>\n"
1618
"SIOCSRARP: Invalid argument\n"
1619
"</screen></informalexample> you probably need to load the RARP kernel module "
1620
"or else recompile the kernel to support RARP. Try <userinput>modprobe rarp</"
1621
"userinput> and then try the <command>rarp</command> command again."
1623
"在使用 Linux 2.2.x 内核的 RARP 服务器系统上，您需要通以下的命令来植入内核 "
1624
"RARP 表： <informalexample><screen>\n"
1625
"# <userinput>/sbin/rarp -s \n"
1626
"<replaceable>client-hostname</replaceable>\n"
1627
"<replaceable>client-enet-addr</replaceable></userinput>\n"
1629
"# <userinput>/usr/sbin/arp -s \n"
1630
"<replaceable>client-ip</replaceable>\n"
1631
"<replaceable>client-enet-addr</replaceable></userinput>\n"
1632
"</screen></informalexample> 如果看到 <informalexample><screen>\n"
1633
"SIOCSRARP: Invalid argument\n"
1634
"</screen></informalexample> 您可能需要加载 RARP 内核模块或重新编译内核并使之"
1635
"支持 RARP。试试在运行 <userinput>modprobe rarp</userinput> 命令后再尝试一遍 "
1636
"<command>rarp</command> 命令。"
1639
#: install-methods.xml:1174
1642
"On a RARP server system using a Linux 2.4.x kernel, there is no RARP module, "
1643
"and you should instead use the <command>rarpd</command> program. The "
1644
"procedure is similar to that used under SunOS in the following paragraph."
1646
"使用 Linux 2.4.x 内核的 RARP 服务器系统上并没有 RARP 模块，您应该使用 "
1647
"<command>rarpd</command> 程序替代。操作过程很类似下面将提到的在 SunOS 上的用"
1651
#: install-methods.xml:1182
1654
"Under SunOS, you need to ensure that the Ethernet hardware address for the "
1655
"client is listed in the <quote>ethers</quote> database (either in the "
1656
"<filename>/etc/ethers</filename> file, or via NIS/NIS+) and in the "
1657
"<quote>hosts</quote> database. Then you need to start the RARP daemon. In "
1658
"SunOS 4, issue the command (as root): <userinput>/usr/etc/rarpd -a</"
1659
"userinput>; in SunOS 5, use <userinput>/usr/sbin/rarpd -a</userinput>."
1661
"在 SunOS 里, 您需要确定客户机的以太网硬件地址已经列在<quote>ethers</quote>数"
1662
"据库(在 <filename>/etc/ethers</filename> 文件中或者通过 NIS/NIS+)和"
1663
"<quote>hosts</quote>数据库中，然后您需要启动 RARP 守护程序，在 SunOS 4 里，使"
1664
"用(以 root 身份)： <userinput>/usr/etc/rarpd -a</userinput> 命令；在 SunOS 5 "
1665
"里，则使用 <userinput>/usr/sbin/rarpd -a</userinput> 命令。"
1668
#: install-methods.xml:1201
1670
msgid "Setting up BOOTP server"
1671
msgstr "设置 BOOTP 服务器"
1674
#: install-methods.xml:1202
1677
"There are two BOOTP servers available for GNU/Linux, the CMU "
1678
"<command>bootpd</command> and the other is actually a DHCP server, ISC "
1679
"<command>dhcpd</command>, which are contained in the <classname>bootp</"
1680
"classname> and <classname>dhcp</classname> packages in &debian;."
1682
"在 GNU/Linux 下面有两种 BOOTP 服务器。他们是 CMU <command>bootpd</command>和"
1683
"另外一种实际上是 DHCP 服务器的程序 ISC <command>dhcpd</command>，他们被包含"
1684
"在 &debian; 的 <classname>bootp</classname> 和 <classname>dhcp</classname> 软"
1688
#: install-methods.xml:1210
1691
"To use CMU <command>bootpd</command>, you must first uncomment (or add) the "
1692
"relevant line in <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>. On &debian;, you can "
1693
"run <userinput>update-inetd --enable bootps</userinput>, then <userinput>/"
1694
"etc/init.d/inetd reload</userinput> to do so. Elsewhere, the line in "
1695
"question should look like: <informalexample><screen>\n"
1696
"bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -i -t 120\n"
1697
"</screen></informalexample> Now, you must create an <filename>/etc/bootptab</"
1698
"filename> file. This has the same sort of familiar and cryptic format as the "
1699
"good old BSD <filename>printcap</filename>, <filename>termcap</filename>, "
1700
"and <filename>disktab</filename> files. See the <filename>bootptab</"
1701
"filename> manual page for more information. For CMU <command>bootpd</"
1702
"command>, you will need to know the hardware (MAC) address of the client. "
1703
"Here is an example <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename>: "
1704
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1706
" hd=/tftpboot:\\\n"
1707
" bf=tftpboot.img:\\\n"
1708
" ip=192.168.1.90:\\\n"
1709
" sm=255.255.255.0:\\\n"
1710
" sa=192.168.1.1:\\\n"
1711
" ha=0123456789AB:\n"
1712
"</screen></informalexample> You will need to change at least the <quote>ha</"
1713
"quote> option, which specifies the hardware address of the client. The "
1714
"<quote>bf</quote> option specifies the file a client should retrieve via "
1715
"TFTP; see <xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> for more details. <phrase arch="
1716
"\"mips\"> On SGI Indys you can just enter the command monitor and type "
1717
"<userinput>printenv</userinput>. The value of the <userinput>eaddr</"
1718
"userinput> variable is the machine's MAC address. </phrase>"
1720
"为了使用 CMU <command>bootpd</command>，您必须首先将 <filename>/etc/inetd."
1721
"conf</filename> 中相关的注释标记去掉(或者加入一些新行)。在 &debian; 里，您可"
1722
"以运行 <userinput>update-inetd --enable bootps</userinput>，然后执行 "
1723
"<userinput>/etc/init.d/inetd reload</userinput> 来实现此任务。在其它系统中，"
1724
"这个行应该看起来像这样： <informalexample><screen>\n"
1725
"bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -i -t 120\n"
1726
"</screen></informalexample> 现在，您必须创建一个 <filename>/etc/bootptab</"
1727
"filename> 文件。它具有和一些老 BSD 文件很相似并使用相同的加密格式。这些文件包"
1728
"括 <filename>printcap</filename>、<filename>termcap</filename>，和 "
1729
"<filename>disktab</filename>。参见 <filename>bootptab</filename> 的手册页以获"
1730
"得更多的信息。对于 CMU <command>bootpd</command>，您将需要知道客户机硬件的"
1731
"(MAC)地址。这里有一个示例 <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename>： "
1732
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1733
"client:\\\\n hd=/tftpboot:\\\\n bf=tftpboot.img:\\\\n ip=192.168.1.90:\\"
1734
"\\n sm=255.255.255.0:\\\\n sa=192.168.1.1:\\\\n ha=0123456789AB:\n"
1735
"</screen></informalexample> 您至少需要修改<quote>ha</quote>选项，它指定了客户"
1736
"机的硬件地址。<quote>bf</quote>选项则指定了一个客户机应该通过 TFTP 取得的文件"
1737
"名称。请从 <xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> 处获得更多的信息。<phrase arch="
1738
"\"mips\"> 在 SGI Indys 上，您可以仅仅只是进入命令监视器然后输入 "
1739
"<userinput>printenv</userinput>。<userinput>eaddr</userinput> 的值就是机器的 "
1743
#: install-methods.xml:1243
1746
"By contrast, setting up BOOTP with ISC <command>dhcpd</command> is really "
1747
"easy, because it treats BOOTP clients as a moderately special case of DHCP "
1748
"clients. Some architectures require a complex configuration for booting "
1749
"clients via BOOTP. If yours is one of those, read the section <xref linkend="
1750
"\"dhcpd\"/>. Otherwise, you will probably be able to get away with simply "
1751
"adding the <userinput>allow bootp</userinput> directive to the configuration "
1752
"block for the subnet containing the client, and restart <command>dhcpd</"
1753
"command> with <userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart</userinput>."
1755
"相反，通过 ISC <command>dhcpd</command> 设置 BOOTP 就非常容易。因为它把 "
1756
"BOOTP 客户程序看成一个特殊的 DHCP 客户端。部分体系结构需要经过复杂的设置才能"
1757
"从 BOOTP 启动客户端。如果您的机器属于这种情况，请阅读<xref linkend=\"dhcpd\"/"
1758
">。否则，您大概只需要将 <userinput>allow bootp</userinput> 指令添加到包含客户"
1759
"机的子网的配置部分，并重新启动 <command>dhcpd</command> 就可以了，重启的命令"
1760
"是：<userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart</userinput>。"
1763
#: install-methods.xml:1264
1765
msgid "Setting up a DHCP server"
1766
msgstr "设置 DHCP 服务器"
1769
#: install-methods.xml:1265
1772
"One free software DHCP server is ISC <command>dhcpd</command>. In &debian;, "
1773
"this is available in the <classname>dhcp</classname> package. Here is a "
1774
"sample configuration file for it (usually <filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</"
1775
"filename>): <informalexample><screen>\n"
1776
"option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
1777
"option domain-name-servers ns1.example.com;\n"
1778
"option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;\n"
1779
"default-lease-time 600;\n"
1780
"max-lease-time 7200;\n"
1781
"server-name \"servername\";\n"
1783
"subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
1784
" range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
1785
" option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
1788
"host clientname {\n"
1789
" filename \"/tftpboot/tftpboot.img\";\n"
1790
" server-name \"servername\";\n"
1791
" next-server servername;\n"
1792
" hardware ethernet 01:23:45:67:89:AB;\n"
1793
" fixed-address 192.168.1.90;\n"
1795
"</screen></informalexample> Note: the new (and preferred) <classname>dhcp3</"
1796
"classname> package uses <filename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</filename>."
1798
"ISC <command>dhcpd</command> 是一种自由软件 DHCP 服务器。在 &debian; 里，它被"
1799
"包含在 <classname>dhcp</classname> 软件包中。这里有它的一个配置文件的范例(通"
1800
"常是 <filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</filename>)： <informalexample><screen>\n"
1801
"option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
1802
"option domain-name-servers ns1.example.com;\n"
1803
"option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;\n"
1804
"default-lease-time 600;\n"
1805
"max-lease-time 7200;\n"
1806
"server-name \"servername\";\n"
1808
"subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
1809
" range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
1810
" option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
1813
"host clientname {\n"
1814
" filename \"/tftpboot/tftpboot.img\";\n"
1815
" server-name \"servername\";\n"
1816
" next-server servername;\n"
1817
" hardware ethernet 01:23:45:67:89:AB; \n"
1818
" fixed-address 192.168.1.90;\n"
1820
"</screen></informalexample> 注意：新的(并且是推荐的) <classname>dhcp3</"
1821
"classname> 软件包使用 <filename>/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf</filename>作为其配置文"
1825
#: install-methods.xml:1277
1828
"In this example, there is one server <replaceable>servername</replaceable> "
1829
"which performs all of the work of DHCP server, TFTP server, and network "
1830
"gateway. You will almost certainly need to change the domain-name options, "
1831
"as well as the server name and client hardware address. The "
1832
"<replaceable>filename</replaceable> option should be the name of the file "
1833
"which will be retrieved via TFTP."
1835
"在这个例子中，一台服务器 <replaceable>servername</replaceable> 负责执行包括 "
1836
"DHCP 服务器、TFTP 服务器和网关在内的所有工作。您需要修改域名选项，以及服务器"
1837
"名和客户端硬件地址。<replaceable>filename</replaceable> 选项应该是将要从 "
1841
#: install-methods.xml:1287
1844
"After you have edited the <command>dhcpd</command> configuration file, "
1845
"restart it with <userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart</userinput>."
1847
"在编辑了 <command>dhcpd</command> 配置文件后，您需要使用下面的命令重新启动"
1848
"它：<userinput>/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart</userinput>作为其配置文件。"
1851
#: install-methods.xml:1295
1853
msgid "Enabling PXE Booting in the DHCP configuration"
1854
msgstr "在 DHCP 配置中打开 PXE 引导功能"
1857
#: install-methods.xml:1296
1860
"Here is another example for a <filename>dhcp.conf</filename> using the Pre-"
1861
"boot Execution Environment (PXE) method of TFTP. <informalexample><screen>\n"
1862
"option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
1864
"default-lease-time 600;\n"
1865
"max-lease-time 7200;\n"
1870
"# The next paragraph needs to be modified to fit your case\n"
1871
"subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
1872
" range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
1873
" option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;\n"
1874
"# the gateway address which can be different\n"
1875
"# (access to the internet for instance)\n"
1876
" option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
1877
"# indicate the dns you want to use\n"
1878
" option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.3;\n"
1882
" next-server 192.168.1.3;\n"
1883
" host tftpclient {\n"
1884
"# tftp client hardware address\n"
1885
" hardware ethernet 00:10:DC:27:6C:15;\n"
1886
" filename \"/tftpboot/pxelinux.0\";\n"
1889
"</screen></informalexample> Note that for PXE booting, the client filename "
1890
"<filename>pxelinux.0</filename> is a boot loader, not a kernel image (see "
1891
"<xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> below)."
1893
"这里是另外一个采用 TFTP 的 Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) 方法的 "
1894
"<filename>dhcp.conf</filename> 配置例子。\n"
1895
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1896
"option domain-name \"example.com\";\n"
1898
"default-lease-time 600;\n"
1899
"max-lease-time 7200;\n"
1904
"# The next paragraph needs to be modified to fit your case\n"
1905
"subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n"
1906
" range 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.253;\n"
1907
" option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;\n"
1908
" option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;\n"
1909
"# the gateway address which can be different \n"
1910
"# (access to the internet for instance)\n"
1911
" option routers 192.168.1.1;\n"
1912
"# indicate the dns you want to use\n"
1913
" option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.3;\n"
1917
" next-server 192.168.1.3;\n"
1918
" host tftpclient {\n"
1919
"# tftp client hardware address\n"
1920
" hardware ethernet 00:10:DC:27:6C:15;\n"
1921
" filename \"/tftpboot/pxelinux.0\";\n"
1924
"</screen></informalexample> 注意对于 PXE 引导来说，客户端文件名 "
1925
"<filename>pxelinux.0</filename> 是一个启动引导器，而非一个内核映象(参见下面的"
1926
"<xref linkend=\"tftp-images\"/> )。"
1929
#: install-methods.xml:1312
1931
msgid "Enabling the TFTP Server"
1932
msgstr "开启 TFTP 服务器"
1935
#: install-methods.xml:1313
1938
"To get the TFTP server ready to go, you should first make sure that "
1939
"<command>tftpd</command> is enabled. This is usually enabled by having "
1940
"something like the following line in <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>: "
1941
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1942
"tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd in.tftpd /tftpboot\n"
1943
"</screen></informalexample> Debian packages will in general set this up "
1944
"correctly by default when they are installed."
1946
"要准备好 TFTP 服务器，您首先需要确定 <command>tftpd</command> 已经启动。这通"
1947
"常可以在 <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>添加如下字句来实现： "
1948
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
1949
"tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd in.tftpd /tftpboot\n"
1950
"</screen></informalexample> Debian 包通常在安装后会自动把这条设置好。"
1953
#: install-methods.xml:1324
1956
"Look in that file and remember the directory which is used as the argument "
1957
"of <command>in.tftpd</command>; you'll need that below. The <userinput>-l</"
1958
"userinput> argument enables some versions of <command>in.tftpd</command> to "
1959
"log all requests to the system logs; this is useful for diagnosing boot "
1960
"errors. If you've had to change <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>, you'll "
1961
"have to notify the running <command>inetd</command> process that the file "
1962
"has changed. On a Debian machine, run <userinput>/etc/init.d/inetd reload</"
1963
"userinput>; on other machines, find out the process ID for <command>inetd</"
1964
"command>, and run <userinput>kill -HUP <replaceable>inetd-pid</replaceable></"
1967
"检查那个文件并且记住被用作 <command>in.tftpd</command> 的参数的目录，您接下来"
1968
"将会需要它。<userinput>-l</userinput> 参数能够让某些版本的 <command>in."
1969
"tftpd</command> 将所有的请求记录到系统日志中。这将在检查错误的时候会很有用。"
1970
"如果您必须修改 <filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>，您将必须提醒正在运行的 "
1971
"<command>inetd</command>进程该文件已经被改变。在 Debian 系统中，您应该执行 "
1972
"<userinput>/etc/init.d/inetd reload</userinput>；而在其它系统中，找到 "
1973
"<command>inetd</command> 所对应的进程 ID，并且运行 <userinput>kill -HUP "
1974
"<replaceable>inetd-pid</replaceable></userinput>。"
1977
#: install-methods.xml:1338
1980
"If you intend to install Debian on an SGI machine and your TFTP server is a "
1981
"GNU/Linux box running Linux 2.4, you'll need to set the following on your "
1982
"server: <informalexample><screen>\n"
1983
"# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc\n"
1984
"</screen></informalexample> to turn off Path MTU discovery, otherwise the "
1985
"Indy's PROM can't download the kernel. Furthermore, make sure TFTP packets "
1986
"are sent from a source port no greater than 32767, or the download will "
1987
"stall after the first packet. Again, it's Linux 2.4.X tripping this bug in "
1988
"the PROM, and you can avoid it by setting <informalexample><screen>\n"
1989
"# echo \"2048 32767\" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range\n"
1990
"</screen></informalexample> to adjust the range of source ports the Linux "
1993
"如果您想要在一台 SGI 上安装 Debian 并且您的 TFTP 服务器是一台运行 Linux 2.4 "
1994
"的 GNU/Linux，您需要对服务器进行如下设置： <informalexample><screen>\n"
1995
"# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc\n"
1996
"</screen></informalexample> 来关闭 Path MTU 查询，否则 Indy 的 PROM 不能下载"
1997
"内核。而且，您还要确保 TFTP 数据包是从一个小于 32767 的端口送出，否则在第一包"
1998
"之后，下载将停止。重申一下，这是由于 Linux 2.4.X 触发了 PROM 里的一个 bug。您"
1999
"可以通过如下设置： <informalexample><screen>\n"
2000
"# echo \"2048 32767\" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range\n"
2001
"</screen></informalexample> 调整 Linux TFTP 服务器使用的源端口范围以避开这个"
2005
#: install-methods.xml:1360
2007
msgid "Move TFTP Images Into Place"
2008
msgstr "将 TFTP 映像放到适当的位置"
2011
#: install-methods.xml:1361
2014
"Next, place the TFTP boot image you need, as found in <xref linkend=\"where-"
2015
"files\"/>, in the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. Generally, "
2016
"this directory will be <filename>/tftpboot</filename>. You'll have to make a "
2017
"link from that file to the file which <command>tftpd</command> will use for "
2018
"booting a particular client. Unfortunately, the file name is determined by "
2019
"the TFTP client, and there are no strong standards."
2021
"接下来，将在 <xref linkend=\"where-files\"/>中找到的 TFTP 启动映像放置到"
2022
"<command>tftpd</command>引导映像目录中。一般来说，这个目录将是 <filename>/"
2023
"tftpboot</filename>。您必须将该文件链接到 <command>tftpd</command> 所使用的引"
2024
"导特定客户端的文件名。不幸的是，这个文件名完全决定于 TFTP 客户程序，并且没有"
2028
#: install-methods.xml:1371
2031
"On NewWorld Power Macintosh machines, you will need to set up the "
2032
"<command>yaboot</command> boot loader as the TFTP boot image. "
2033
"<command>Yaboot</command> will then retrieve the kernel and RAMdisk images "
2034
"via TFTP itself. For net booting, use the <filename>yaboot-netboot.conf</"
2035
"filename>. Just rename this to <filename>yaboot.conf</filename> in the TFTP "
2038
"在 NewWorld Power Macintosh 上，您需要设置 <command>yaboot</command>引导装载"
2039
"器作为 TFTP 引导映像。<command>Yaboot</command> 接下来将通过 TFTP 来获到内核"
2040
"和内存虚拟磁盘映像。对于网络引导，请使用 <filename>yaboot-netboot.conf</"
2041
"filename>。只需要将其改名为 <filename>yaboot.conf</filename> 并且放入 TFTP 目"
2045
#: install-methods.xml:1380
2048
"For PXE booting, everything you should need is set up in the "
2049
"<filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</filename> tarball. Simply extract this "
2050
"tarball into the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. Make sure "
2051
"your dhcp server is configured to pass <filename>/pxelinux.0</filename> to "
2052
"<command>tftpd</command> as the filename to boot."
2054
"对于用 PXE 引导来说，您所需的只是设置 <filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</"
2055
"filename> 压缩包。简单地将此包解压到 <command>tftpd</command> 引导映像目录"
2056
"下。并确保您的 DHCP 服务器的配置将会把 <filename>/pxelinux.0</filename> 以启"
2057
"动所需的文件名传递至<command>tftpd</command>。"
2060
#: install-methods.xml:1388
2063
"For PXE booting, everything you should need is set up in the "
2064
"<filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</filename> tarball. Simply extract this "
2065
"tarball into the <command>tftpd</command> boot image directory. Make sure "
2066
"your dhcp server is configured to pass <filename>/debian-installer/ia64/"
2067
"elilo.efi</filename> to <command>tftpd</command> as the filename to boot."
2069
"对于用 PXE 引导来说，您所需的只是设置 <filename>netboot/netboot.tar.gz</"
2070
"filename> 压缩包。简单地将此包解压到 <command>tftpd</command> 引导映像目录"
2071
"下。并确保您的 DHCP 服务器配置将会把 <filename>/debian-installer/ia64/elilo."
2072
"efi</filename> 以启动所需的文件名传递至<command>tftpd</command>。"
2075
#: install-methods.xml:1400
2077
msgid "DECstation TFTP Images"
2078
msgstr "DECstation TFTP 映像文件"
2081
#: install-methods.xml:1401
2084
"For DECstations, there are tftpimage files for each subarchitecture, which "
2085
"contain both kernel and installer in one file. The naming convention is "
2086
"<replaceable>subarchitecture</replaceable>/netboot-boot.img. Copy the "
2087
"tftpimage file you would like to use to <userinput>/tftpboot/tftpboot.img</"
2088
"userinput> if you work with the example BOOTP/DHCP setups described above."
2090
"对于 DECstation 来说，对于每个子体系都有相应的 tftpimage 映像文件。这些单一文"
2091
"件包含了内核和安装程序。命名规则是 <replaceable>subarchitecture</"
2092
"replaceable>/netboot-boot.img。如果您是按照上述 BOOTP/DHCP 设置范例进行操作，"
2093
"请将想要使用的 tftpimage 文件拷贝至 <userinput>/tftpboot/tftpboot.img</"
2097
#: install-methods.xml:1410
2100
"The DECstation firmware boots by TFTP with the command <userinput>boot "
2101
"<replaceable>#</replaceable>/tftp</userinput>, where <replaceable>#</"
2102
"replaceable> is the number of the TurboChannel device from which to boot. On "
2103
"most DECstations this is <quote>3</quote>. If the BOOTP/DHCP server does not "
2104
"supply the filename or you need to pass additional parameters, they can "
2105
"optionally be appended with the following syntax:"
2107
"DECstation 通过 <userinput>boot <replaceable>#</replaceable>/tftp</"
2108
"userinput> 命令来使用 TFTP 进行固件引导。这里 <replaceable>#</replaceable> 是"
2109
"用于引导的 TurboChannel 设备号。在大多数 DECstations 上，这个数字是<quote>3</"
2110
"quote>。如果 BOOTP/DHCP 服务器不提供文件名或者您需要传递附加的参数，他们可以"
2114
#: install-methods.xml:1422
2116
msgid "boot #/tftp/filename param1=value1 param2=value2 ..."
2117
msgstr "boot #/tftp/filename param1=value1 param2=value2 ..."
2120
#: install-methods.xml:1424
2123
"Several DECstation firmware revisions show a problem with regard to net "
2124
"booting: the transfer starts, but after some time it stops with an "
2125
"<computeroutput>a.out err</computeroutput>. This can have several reasons: "
2126
"<orderedlist> <listitem><para> The firmware does not respond to ARP requests "
2127
"during a TFTP transfer. This leads to an ARP timeout and the transfer stops. "
2128
"The solution is to add the MAC address of the Ethernet card in the "
2129
"DECstation statically to the ARP table of the TFTP server. This is done by "
2130
"running <userinput>arp -s <replaceable>IP-address</replaceable> "
2131
"<replaceable>MAC-address</replaceable></userinput> as root on the machine "
2132
"acting as TFTP server. The MAC-address of the DECstation can be read out by "
2133
"entering <command>cnfg</command> at the DECstation firmware prompt. </para></"
2134
"listitem> <listitem><para> The firmware has a size limit on the files that "
2135
"can be booted by TFTP. </para></listitem> </orderedlist> There are also "
2136
"firmware revisions that cannot boot via TFTP at all. An overview about the "
2137
"different firmware revisions can be found at the NetBSD web pages: <ulink "
2138
"url=\"http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax/board-list.html#proms\"></ulink>."
2140
"一些 DECstation 固件版本在网络引导中有一个问题：传输可以开始，但是过一段时间"
2141
"它就会停止并且产生一个 <computeroutput>a.out err</computeroutput>。这可能是由"
2142
"以下几个原因所造成的： <orderedlist> <listitem><para> 固件在一个 TFTP 传输中"
2143
"没有回应 ARP 请求，这导致一个 ARP 超时并且停止传输。解决方案是 将以太网卡的 "
2144
"MAC 地址静态加入到 TFTP 服务器的 ARP 表中。想要作到这点可以在 TFTP 服务器 上"
2145
"用 root 身份运行 <userinput>arp -s <replaceable>IP-address</replaceable> "
2146
"<replaceable>MAC-address</replaceable></userinput>。DECstation 的 MAC 地址能"
2147
"够通过在 DECstation 固件提示符下输入 <command>cnfg</command> 来获得。</"
2148
"para></listitem> <listitem><para> 固件对于这些更够通过 TFTP 引导的文件有一个"
2149
"尺寸限制。</para></listitem> </orderedlist> 有些固件版本根本不能通过 TFTP 引"
2150
"导。您可以在 NetBSD 网页上找到关于不同固件版本的综述： <ulink url=\"http://"
2151
"www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax/board-list.html#proms\"></ulink>。"
2154
#: install-methods.xml:1462
2156
msgid "Alpha TFTP Booting"
2157
msgstr "Alpha TFTP 引导"
2160
#: install-methods.xml:1463
2163
"On Alpha, you must specify the filename (as a relative path to the boot "
2164
"image directory) using the <userinput>-file</userinput> argument to the SRM "
2165
"<userinput>boot</userinput> command, or by setting the <userinput>BOOT_FILE</"
2166
"userinput> environment variable. Alternatively, the filename can be given "
2167
"via BOOTP (in ISC <command>dhcpd</command>, use the <userinput>filename</"
2168
"userinput> directive). Unlike Open Firmware, there is <emphasis>no default "
2169
"filename</emphasis> on SRM, so you <emphasis>must</emphasis> specify a "
2170
"filename by either one of these methods."
2172
"在 Alpha 上，您必须通过 <userinput>-file</userinput> 参数将文件名(与启动引导"
2173
"映像目录的相对路径形式)指定给 SRM 的<userinput>boot</userinput> 命令，或者设"
2174
"置 <userinput>BOOT_FILE</userinput> 环境变量。或者，也可以通过 BOOTP 给出文件"
2175
"名(在 ISC 的 <command>dhcpd</command> 中，使用 <userinput>filename</"
2176
"userinput> 指令)。与 Open Firmware 不同的是，这里的 SRM 中<emphasis>没有缺省"
2177
"文件名</emphasis>，因此您 <emphasis>必须</emphasis> 通过以上方法之一来指定一"
2181
#: install-methods.xml:1478
2183
msgid "SPARC TFTP Booting"
2184
msgstr "SPARC TFTP 引导"
2187
#: install-methods.xml:1479
2190
"SPARC architectures for instance use the subarchitecture names, such as "
2191
"<quote>SUN4M</quote> or <quote>SUN4C</quote>; in some cases, the "
2192
"architecture is left blank, so the file the client looks for is just "
2193
"<filename>client-ip-in-hex</filename>. Thus, if your system subarchitecture "
2194
"is a SUN4C, and its IP is 192.168.1.3, the filename would be "
2195
"<filename>C0A80103.SUN4C</filename>. An easy way to determine this is to "
2196
"enter the following command in a shell (assuming the machine's intended IP "
2197
"is 10.0.0.4). <informalexample><screen>\n"
2198
"$ printf '%.2x%.2x%.2x%.2x\\n' 10 0 0 4\n"
2199
"</screen></informalexample> This will spit out the IP in hexadecimal; to get "
2200
"to the correct filename, you will need to change all letters to uppercase "
2201
"and if necessary append the subarchitecture name."
2203
"SPARC 体系通常使用子体系名称，比如<quote>SUN4M</quote>或者<quote>SUN4C</"
2204
"quote>。在某些情况下，体系名字也被留为空白，这时客户端所需要的文件仅仅是 "
2205
"<filename>client-ip-in-hex</filename>。因此，如果您的系统子体系是 SUN4C，其 "
2206
"IP 是 192.168.1.3，则文件名为 <filename>C0A80103.SUN4C</filename>。一个简易的"
2207
"确认方法是在 shell 中输入下列命令(假设机器的 IP 为 10.0.0.4)。"
2208
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
2209
"$ printf '%.2x%.2x%.2x%.2x\\n' 10 0 0 4\n"
2210
"</screen></informalexample> 它将 IP 写成十六进制。要得到正确的文件名，您应该"
2211
"将所有的子母改成大写，并在必要时加上子体系名。"
2214
#: install-methods.xml:1496
2217
"You can also force some sparc systems to look for a specific file name by "
2218
"adding it to the end of the OpenPROM boot command, such as <userinput>boot "
2219
"net my-sparc.image</userinput>. This must still reside in the directory that "
2220
"the TFTP server looks in."
2222
"您也可以通过把一个特定的文件名附加到 OpenPROM boot 命令的结尾来强制某些 "
2223
"SPARC 系统使用它。比如 <userinput>boot net my-sparc.image</userinput>。不过它"
2224
"仍然必须被请放置在 TFTP 服务器要查找的目录中。"
2227
#: install-methods.xml:1507
2229
msgid "BVM/Motorola TFTP Booting"
2230
msgstr "BVM/Motorola TFTP 引导"
2233
#: install-methods.xml:1508
2236
"For BVM and Motorola VMEbus systems copy the files &bvme6000-tftp-files; to "
2237
"<filename>/tftpboot/</filename>."
2239
"对于 BVM 以及 Motorola VMEbus 系统来说，请先将 &bvme6000-tftp-files; 文件拷贝"
2240
"到 <filename>/tftpboot/</filename>。"
2243
#: install-methods.xml:1513
2246
"Next, configure your boot ROMs or BOOTP server to initially load the "
2247
"<filename>tftplilo.bvme</filename> or <filename>tftplilo.mvme</filename> "
2248
"files from the TFTP server. Refer to the <filename>tftplilo.txt</filename> "
2249
"file for your subarchitecture for additional system-specific configuration "
2252
"接下来，配置您的启动引导 ROM 或 BOOTP 服务器，使其从 TFTP 服务器中初始装入 "
2253
"<filename>tftplilo.bvme</filename> 或者 <filename>tftplilo.mvme</filename> 文"
2254
"件。请阅读 <filename>tftplilo.txt</filename> 文件来获得更多的关于您所使用的子"
2258
#: install-methods.xml:1525
2260
msgid "SGI Indys TFTP Booting"
2261
msgstr "SGI Indys TFTP 引导"
2264
#: install-methods.xml:1526
2267
"On SGI Indys you can rely on the <command>bootpd</command> to supply the "
2268
"name of the TFTP file. It is given either as the <userinput>bf=</userinput> "
2269
"in <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or as the <userinput>filename=</"
2270
"userinput> option in <filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</filename>."
2272
"在 SGI Indys 上您可以采用 <command>bootpd</command> 来给出 FTFP 文件的名字。"
2273
"它既可以是以 <userinput>bf=</userinput> 形式在 <filename>/etc/bootptab</"
2274
"filename> 文件中设定，也可以是以 <userinput>filename=</userinput> 选项形式出"
2275
"现于 <filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</filename>。"
2278
#: install-methods.xml:1538
2280
msgid "Broadcom BCM91250A TFTP Booting"
2281
msgstr "Broadcom BCM91250A TFTP 引导"
2284
#: install-methods.xml:1539
2287
"You don't have to configure DHCP in a special way because you'll pass the "
2288
"full path of the file to the loaded to CFE."
2290
"您不需要通过特殊方法配置 DHCP，因为您将传递文件的完全路径至装载的 CFE 。"
2293
#: install-methods.xml:1644
2295
msgid "Automatic Installation"
2299
#: install-methods.xml:1645
2302
"For installing on multiple computers it's possible to do fully automatic "
2303
"installations. Debian packages intended for this include <classname>fai</"
2304
"classname> (which uses an install server), <classname>replicator</"
2305
"classname>, <classname>systemimager</classname>, <classname>autoinstall</"
2306
"classname>, and the Debian Installer itself."
2308
"对于有多台需要安装的计算机的情况，可以采用全自动安装的方式。用于此项任务的 "
2309
"Debian 软件包有 <classname>fai</classname>(需要使用一台安装服务器)，"
2310
"<classname>replicator</classname>、<classname>systemimager</classname>、"
2311
"<classname>autoinstall</classname>，以及 Debian 安装程序本身。"
2314
#: install-methods.xml:1658
2316
msgid "Automatic Installation Using the Debian Installer"
2317
msgstr "使用 Debian 安装程序进行自动安装"
2320
#: install-methods.xml:1659
2323
"The Debian Installer supports automating installs via preconfiguration "
2324
"files. A preconfiguration file can be loaded from the network or from "
2325
"removable media, and used to fill in answers to question asked during the "
2326
"installation process."
2328
"Debian 安装程序支持通过预先配置文件进行自动安装。一个预配置文件可以从网络上或"
2329
"者可移动介质上被装载，并且被用来在安装过程中自动回答问题。"
2332
#: install-methods.xml:1666
2335
"Although most dialogs used by &d-i; can be preseeded using this method, "
2336
"there are some notable exceptions. You can (re)partition an entire disk or "
2337
"use available free space on a disk; it is not possible to use existing "
2338
"partitions. You currently cannot use preseeding to set up RAID and LVM. "
2339
"<phrase condition=\"sarge\">Also, with the exception of network driver "
2340
"modules, it is not possible to preconfigure kernel module parameters.</"
2343
"虽然大多数 &d-i; 使用的对话框可以用这种方法预置，但还是有明显的例外。您可以"
2344
"(重新)分区整个硬盘或使用磁盘上可用的闲置空间; 但无法使用已存在的分区。当前还"
2345
"无法预先设置 RAID 和 LVM。<phrase condition=\"sarge\">还有，网络驱动模块，也"
2346
"无法预先设置内核模块参数。</phrase>"
2349
#: install-methods.xml:1675
2352
"The preconfiguration file is in the format used by the debconf-set-"
2353
"selections command. A well documented and working example that you can edit "
2354
"is in <xref linkend=\"example-preseed\"/>."
2356
"预配置文件是按照 debconf-set-selections 命令的格式写成的。这里有一个具有详尽"
2357
"注释并能正常工作的预配置文件例子：<xref linkend=\"example-preseed\"/>。"
2360
#: install-methods.xml:1681
2363
"Alternatively, one way to get a complete file listing all the values that "
2364
"can be preseeded is to do a manual install, and then use <filename>debconf-"
2365
"get-selections</filename>, from the <classname>debconf-utils</classname> "
2366
"package, to dump both the debconf database and the cdebconf database in /var/"
2367
"log/debian-installer/cdebconf to a single file: <informalexample><screen>\n"
2368
"$ debconf-get-selections --installer > <replaceable>file</replaceable>\n"
2369
"$ debconf-get-selections >> <replaceable>file</replaceable>\n"
2370
"</screen></informalexample> However, a file generated in this manner will "
2371
"have some items that should not be preseeded, and the file in <xref linkend="
2372
"\"example-preseed\"/> is a better starting place for most users."
2374
"除此之外，要得到一个包含所有可被预设置的项目的完整文件，您可以进行手动安装，"
2375
"然后使用 <filename>debconf-get-selections</filename> 命令(它来自 "
2376
"<classname>debconf-utils</classname>软件包)将 debconf 数据库和位于 /var/log/"
2377
"debian-installer/cdebconf 的 cdebconf 数据库的内容导出至一个单一的文件： "
2378
"<informalexample><screen>\n"
2379
"$ debconf-get-selections --installer > <replaceable>文件</replaceable>\n"
2380
"$ debconf-get-selections >> <replaceable>文件</replaceable>\n"
2381
"</screen></informalexample> 但是，按照这些方法生成的文件将会包含一些不应该被"
2382
"预设置的项目，因此 <xref linkend=\"example-preseed\"/> 中的文件对于大多数用户"
2386
#: install-methods.xml:1696
2389
"Once you have a preconfiguration file, you can edit it if necessary, and "
2390
"place it on a web server, or copy it onto the installer's boot media. "
2391
"Wherever you place the file, you need to pass a parameter to the installer "
2392
"at boot time to tell it to use the file."
2394
"一旦您有了一个预配置文件，可以在需要时编辑它，并且上传至一个 web 服务器，或者"
2395
"拷贝至安装程序的启动引导介质。无论您将此文件放置在哪里，都需要在启动安装程序"
2396
"时向它传递一个参数来告诉它使用这个文件。"
2399
#: install-methods.xml:1703
2402
"To make the installer use a preconfiguration file downloaded from the "
2403
"network, add preseed/url=http://url/to/preseed.cfg to the kernel boot "
2404
"parameters. Of course the preconfiguration will not take effect until the "
2405
"installer manages to set up the network to download the file, so this is "
2406
"most useful if the installer can set up the network via DHCP without asking "
2407
"any questions. You may want to set the installation priority to critical to "
2408
"avoid any questions while the network is being configured. See <xref linkend="
2409
"\"installer-args\"/>."
2411
"要让安装程序使用一个从网络下载的预配置文件，请将 preseed/url=http://url/to/"
2412
"config 加入内核启动参数。当然这个预配置文件，只有安装程序能够管理网络并下载文"
2413
"件后才能起作用，因此如果安装程序能够通过 DHCP 设置网络而不需要询问任何问题的"
2414
"话，此方法会更有用。如果您已经被设置好了网络，可能还会想将安装优先级调至关键"
2415
"来避免任何提问。请参见 <xref linkend=\"installer-args\"/>。"
2418
#: install-methods.xml:1714
2421
"To place a preconfiguration file on a CD, you would need to remaster the ISO "
2422
"image to include your preconfiguration file. See the manual page for mkisofs "
2423
"for details. Alternatively, put the preseed file on a floppy, and use "
2424
"preseed/file=/floppy/preseed.cfg"
2426
"要将预配置文件放置在光盘中，您将需要重新生成 ISO 映像以包括您的预配置文件。请"
2427
"阅读 mkisofs 的手册来获得细节信息。另外，您也可以将预配置文件放置在一张软盘"
2428
"中，然后使用 preseed/file=/floppy/preseed.cfg 参数。"
2431
#: install-methods.xml:1721
2434
"If you'll be booting from a USB memory stick, then you can simply copy your "
2435
"preconfiguration file onto the memory stick's filesystem, and edit the "
2436
"syslinux.cfg file to add preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed.cfg to the kernel "
2439
"如果您要从 USB 闪盘上启动，那您可以简单拷贝您的预配置文件至闪盘的文件系统中，"
2440
"并编辑 syslinux.cfg 文件来加入 preseed/file=/hd-media/preseed.cfg 至内核启动"
2444
#: install-methods.xml:1731
2446
msgid "Using Preseeding to Change Default Values"
2450
#: install-methods.xml:1732
2453
"It is also possible to use preseeding to change the default answer for a "
2454
"question, but still have the question asked. To do this the <firstterm>seen</"
2455
"firstterm> flag must be reset to <quote>false</quote> after setting the "
2456
"value for a template."
2458
"可以使用预置修改问题的默认答案，但仍然会问问题。在为模板设置值之后，"
2459
"<firstterm>seen</firstterm>标识必须被重置为<quote>false</quote>。"
2462
#: install-methods.xml:1739
2465
"d-i foo/bar string value\n"
2466
"d-i foo/bar seen false"
2468
"d-i foo/bar string value\n"
2469
"d-i foo/bar seen false"
2472
#~ "Alpha systems can also be net-booted using the DECNet MOP (Maintenance "
2473
#~ "Operations Protocol), but this is not covered here. Presumably, your "
2474
#~ "local OpenVMS operator will be happy to assist you should you have some "
2475
#~ "burning need to use MOP to boot Linux on your Alpha."
2477
#~ "Alpha 系统也能使用 DECNet MOP (Maintenance Operations Protocol) 来进行网络"
2478
#~ "引导，但是这里不使用此技术。相信您的本地 OpenVMS 操作员 乐于协助您刻录，以"
2479
#~ "便在您的 Alpha 机器上用 MOP 来引导 Linux 。"
added
removed
po/zh_CN/install-methods.po
